We develop two algorithms for important problems in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). A MANET is a collection of mobile processors (“nodes”) which communicate via message passing over wireless links. Each node can communicate directly with other nodes within a specified transmission radius; other communication is accomplished via message relay. Communication links may go up and down in a MANET (as nodes move toward or away from each other); thus, the MANET can consist of multiple connected components, and connected components can split and merge over time. We first present a deterministic leader election algorithm for asynchronous MANETs along with a correctness proof for it. Our work involves substantial modifications of an existing algorithm and its proof, and we adapt the existing algorithm to the asynchronous environment. Our algorithm’s running time and message complexity compare favorably with existing algorithms for leader election in MANETs. Second, many algorithms for MANETs require or can benefit from knowledge about the size of the network in terms of the number of processors. As such, we present an algorithm to approximately determine the size of a MANET. While the algorithm’s approximations of network size are only rough ones, the algorithm has the important qualities of requiring little communication overhead and being tolerant of link failures.

A mobile ad hoc network consists of certain nodes that communicate only through wireless medium and can move arbitrarily. The key feature of a mobile ad hoc network is the mobility of the nodes. Because of the mobility, communication links form and disappear as nodes come into and go out of each other's communica- tion range. Mobile ad hoc networks are particularly useful in situations like disaster recovery and search, military operations, etc. Research on mobile ad hoc networks has drawn a huge amount of attention recently. The main challenges for mobile ad hoc networks are the sparse resources and frequent mobility. Most of the research work has been focused on the MAC and routing layer. In this work, we focus on distributed services for mobile ad hoc networks. These services will provide some fundamental functions in developing various applications for mobile ad hoc networks. In particular, we focus on the clock synchronization, connected dominating set, and k-mutual exclusion problems in mobile ad hoc networks.

This thesis presents an intelligent early packet discard (I-EPD) for real-time video streaming over a multi-hop ad hoc network. In a multi-hop ad hoc network, the quality of transferring real-time video streams could be seriously degraded, since every intermediate node (IN) functionally like forwarding device does not possess large buffer and sufficient bandwidth. Even worse, a selected forwarding node could leave or power off unexpectedly which breaks the route to destination. Thus, a video packet temporarily buffered in intermediate nodes may exceed its time constraint when either a congested or failed link occurs; a stale video packet is useless even if it can reach destination after network traffic becomes smooth or failed route is reconfigured. In the proposed I-EPD, an IN can intelligently determine whether a buffered video packet should be discarded based on an estimated time constraint which is calculated from the RTP timestamps and the round trip time (RTT) measured by RTCP. For the purpose of validation, we implement the I-EPD scheme on a Linux-based embedded system. We compare the quality of video streams under different bit rates and different route repair time. In addition, we use PSNR to validate the quality of pictures from the aspect of application layer. The experimental results demonstrate that with I-EPD buffer utilization on IN can be more effectively used and unnecessary bandwidth wastage can be avoided.

This paper studies the integrated mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and Internet network which the Mobile IP and AODV routing protocols are integrated to offer MANET nodes to set up multi-hop routes to the Internet. Gateways act as bridges for forwarding data packets between integrated MANETs and the Internet. Mobile nodes in MANETs must discover available gateways to gain access to the Internet. This study presents an adaptive gateway discovery scheme that balances efficiency and overhead by limiting the flooding scope of gateway advertisement messages. The proposed scheme dynamically adjusts the ADV_TTL according to the average delay time of network. The simulation results showed that the proposed scheme obtains the shortest average delay time while keeping the network a relatively lower overhead.

Mobile ad hoc networks create communication links without the aid of any infrastructure, forwarding packets among mobile nodes. The MANET research community has identified several fundamental challenges, among which the most prominent is discovering an optimal route between two nodes. Existing work has proposed a plethora of routing protocols. Since each protocol implements its own philosophy and algorithm to target a specific purpose, routing protocols in MANETs show very different characteristics. Selecting a particular protocol for an application or deployment environment involves evaluating many complex inter-dependent tradeoffs and can be an overwhelming task for an application designer. However, this decision can have a significant impact on the success of a system in terms of performance, cost, and responsiveness. Emerging distributed applications deployed in MANETs inherently experience highly dynamic situations, which necessitate real-time routing protocol selection in response to varying scenarios. Most of the relevant research in this area relies on simulation studies or empirical analysis to select a routing protocol, requiring an infeasible amount of time and resources for the approaches to be used in real-time decision making. In my dissertation work, I designed the Chameleon framework to facilitate real-time routing protocol decisions based on given application and environmental characteristics. My approach develops analytical models for important network layer performance measures capturing various inter-dependent factors that affect routing protocol behavior. I provide an analytical framework that expresses protocol performance metrics in terms of environment-, protocol-, and application-dependent parameters. This effort has resulted in detailed models for two important metrics: end-to-end delay and throughput. I specify detailed models for the parameters embedded in the models with respect to the ability of network deployers, protocol designers, and application developers to reasonably provide the information. Finally, in a systematic manner, I outline the Chameleon software framework to integrate the analytical models with parameters specified by these three groups of stakeholders. / text

The evolution of communication networks has led us to an era where you cannot only perform surgery halfway across the world, but do so while being in the comfort of your own home. By eliminating the need for wires, wireless networks revolutionised communication networks by enabling nodes to communicate while being in a mobile state. The concept opened many doors to new applications and possibilities. Network Coding is a technique that optimises the throughput of a network by coding packets. Geo-Routing is a routing method that operates by using the geographical distances between nodes as the routing metric. Opportunistic Routing is a routing method that exploits the broadcast characteristics of wireless networks. In this thesis, we developed a routing scheme that incorporates Network Coding, Geo- Routing and energy aware conditions. It accomplishes this task by using one of the key phases constituting Opportunistic Routing. The developed routing scheme was implemented in OMNeT++. Various simulation experiments were conducted in OMNeT++ pertaining to the implemented scheme. The results indicate significant increase in performance metrics such as throughput and survivability. / Thesis (MIng (Computer and Electronic Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

The evolution of communication networks has led us to an era where you cannot only perform surgery halfway across the world, but do so while being in the comfort of your own home. By eliminating the need for wires, wireless networks revolutionised communication networks by enabling nodes to communicate while being in a mobile state. The concept opened many doors to new applications and possibilities. Network Coding is a technique that optimises the throughput of a network by coding packets. Geo-Routing is a routing method that operates by using the geographical distances between nodes as the routing metric. Opportunistic Routing is a routing method that exploits the broadcast characteristics of wireless networks. In this thesis, we developed a routing scheme that incorporates Network Coding, Geo- Routing and energy aware conditions. It accomplishes this task by using one of the key phases constituting Opportunistic Routing. The developed routing scheme was implemented in OMNeT++. Various simulation experiments were conducted in OMNeT++ pertaining to the implemented scheme. The results indicate significant increase in performance metrics such as throughput and survivability. / Thesis (MIng (Computer and Electronic Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

Τα ασύρματα κινητά Ad Hoc δίκτυα γίνονται ολοένα και πιο δημοφιλή λόγω της αυξανόμενης χρήσης κινητών συσκευών. Οι κόμβοι αυτών των δικτύων μπορούν να κινούνται ελεύθερα στον χώρο, έχοντας ταυτόχρονα πολλαπλούς ρόλους αφού μπορούν να λάβουν και να στείλουν πληροφορία προερχόμενη από οποιοδήποτε πόρο του δικτύου. Αυτό σημαίνει ότι ένας κόμβος μπορεί να έχει το ρόλο του αποστολέα, του παραλήπτη και του αναμεταδότη. Η ικανότητα αυτών των δικτύων να αυτοπροσαρμόζονται και να δημιουργούν ένα συνεκτικό δίκτυο μέσω ασύρματων συνδέσεων, τα κάνει κατάλληλα για μια σειρά από εφαρμογές στις οποίες τα άλλα δίκτυα αποτυγχάνουν. Τέτοιες εφαρμογές περιλαμβάνουν τοπολογίες που στήνονται σε συνθήκες έκτακτης ανάγκης, δίκτυα αισθητήρων και γενικά τοπολογίες στις οποίες δεν υπάρχει προκαθορισμένη υποδομή ή η υποδομή που υπήρχε έχει καταστραφεί. Τα ασύρματα κινητά δίκτυα παρέχουν την ελευθερία στους κόμβους να κινηθούν ακόμα και μακρυά από σταθμούς βάσης ή και να αποσυνδεθούν προσωρινά από το υπόλοιπο δίκτυο, με αποτέλεσμα να καθιστούν δύσκολο το πρόβλημα της δρομολόγησης. Τα πρωτόκολλα δρομολόγησης που έχουν αναπτυχθεί για τέτοιου τύπου δίκτυα επηρεάζουν άμεσα τα χαρακτηριστικά της μετάδοσης δεδομένων και την απόδοση των σχετικών εφαρμογών. Κάθε πρωτόκολλο έχει τη δική του στρατηγική δρομολόγησης έτσι ώστε να καταφέρει να συνδέσει δυο κινητούς κόμβους του δικτύου. Η απόδοση μεταβάλλεται ανάλογα με την κατάσταση του δικτύου και τις επικρατούσες συνθήκες όπως η πυκνότητα των κόμβων σε μια συγκεκριμένη περιοχή, η ταχύτητα και η κατεύθυνση τους. Είναι προφανές ότι η επιλογή του κατάλληλου πρωτοκόλλου δρομολόγησης ανάλογα με τα χαρακτηριστικά και τις παραμέτρους του δικτύου παίζει πολύ σημαντικό ρόλο. Η ενσωμάτωση των κινητών συσκευών σε κινούμενα οχήματα έχει οδηγήσει σε έναν νέο τύπο δικτύων, τα ονομαζόμενα Ad Hoc δίκτυα οχημάτων ή Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). Αυτά τα δίκτυα απαιτούν εξειδικευμένα πρωτόκολλα δρομολόγησης εξαιτίας της φύσης των κινητών Ad Hoc δικτύων. Η απόδοση αυτών των πρωτοκόλλων έχει αξιολογηθεί για την περίπτωση της γενικευμένης κίνησης αλλά όχι υπό το πρίσμα της μετάδοσης πολυμέσων και ειδικότερα της μετάδοσης βίντεο. Αρχικός στόχος αυτής της εργασίας είναι η πραγματοποίηση ενός συνόλου από εξομοιώσεις με στόχο την αξιολόγηση της απόδοσης των τριών από τα πιο δημοφιλή πρωτόκολλα δρομολόγησης για τα κινητά Ad Hoc δίκτυα MANETs και VANETs: AODV, DSR, και OLSR. Ο σκοπός της αξιολόγησης είναι η μελέτη της συμπεριφοράς των πρωτοκόλλων όταν μεταβάλλεται το πλήθος των ταυτόχρονων μεταδόσεων βίντεο. Οι μετρικές που προτείνονται είναι • το ποσοστό απώλειας πακέτων • η καθυστέρηση από άκρο σε άκρο • η διακύμανση της καθυστέρησης (jitter) • η επιβάρυνση του δικτύου με πακέτα δρομολόγησης Η μετάδοση πολυμέσων μέσα από τα ασύρματα κινητά Ad Hoc δίκτυα δεν είναι πάντοτε αποδοτική εξαιτίας των υψηλών απαιτήσεων που υπάρχουν, όπως το υψηλό εύρος ζώνης και οι χαμηλοί χρόνοι καθυστέρησης. Δηλαδή, αυτά τα δίκτυα δεν δείχνουν ικανά να υποστηρίξουν μεταδόσεις πολυμέσων υψηλής ποιότητας και ειδικότερα μεταδόσεις βίντεο. Στα πλαίσια της εργασίας αναπτύσσεται και παρουσιάζεται ένας διαστρωματικός μηχανισμός για αποδοτική μετάδοση βίντεο πάνω σε ασύρματα Ad Hoc δίκτυα οχημάτων (VANETs). Ο μηχανισμός αυτός αποτελείται από έναν αλγόριθμο χρονοπρογραμματισμού και ανάθεσης προτεραιότητας στο επίπεδο δικτύου. Ακόμα προτείνεται και αξιολογείται η χρήση του προτύπου IEEE 802.11e στο επίπεδο ζεύξης δεδομένων. Ο αλγόριθμος χρονοπρογραμματισμού και ανάθεσης προτεραιότητας στοχεύει στο να αξιοποιεί την πληροφορία που αφορά στον τύπο των πλαισίων των MPEG-4 βίντεο, με στόχο να παρέχει διαφορετικές προτεραιότητες ανάλογα με τη σημαντικότητα του κάθε πλαισίου. Στο επίπεδο ζεύξης δεδομένων το πρωτόκολλο IEEE 802.11e προτείνεται να αναθέτει τη μέγιστη προτεραιότητα στα πακέτα βίντεο με στόχο την καλύτερη εξυπηρέτηση των εφαρμογών μετάδοσης πολυμέσων. Αυτή η επιλογή γίνεται για τη μείωση της καθυστέρησης και της απώλειας πακέτων εξαιτίας της κίνησης ανταγωνιστικών δεδομένων. Ο σχεδιασμός που παρουσιάζεται είναι εύκολα ενσωματώσιμος σε κάθε ασύρματο Ad Hoc δίκτυο, σαν επέκταση του δημοφιλούς πρωτοκόλλου δρομολόγησης AODV. Οι εφαρμογές μετάδοσης πολυμέσων συνήθως χρησιμοποιούν το UDP ως πρωτόκολλο μεταφοράς. Με αυτή την επιλογή αποφεύγονται οι καθυστερήσεις που προκαλούνται από αναμεταδόσεις πακέτων και από τους μηχανισμούς ελέγχου συμφόρησης του TCP, αλλά δημιουργούνται δυο σημαντικά προβλήματα. Το πρώτο πρόβλημα έχει να κάνει με τους πιθανούς περιορισμούς εύρους ζώνης με αποτέλεσμα τα πακέτα πολυμέσων να μην ελέγχονται από μηχανισμούς ελέγχου ροής και συμφόρησης, οδηγώντας σε αυξημένη απώλεια πακέτων. Το δεύτερο πρόβλημα είναι σχετικό με τη φιλικότητα προς το TCP πρωτόκολλο. Κάτω υπό ορισμένες συνθήκες, η μετάδοση πακέτων χωρίς κάποιον ελεγκτικό μηχανισμό μπορεί να οδηγήσει σε μια κατάσταση στην οποία οι εφαρμογές του δικτύου που χρησιμοποιούν το TCP να μην εξυπηρετούνται. Στα πλαίσια της εργασίας προτείνονται διαστρωματικές τεχνικές και μηχανισμοί που στοχεύουν στη βελτίωση της μετάδοσης βίντεο, μέσω του πρωτοκόλλου TFRC το οποίο είναι φιλικό ως προς την συνυπάρχουσα TCP κίνηση. Ο σχεδιασμός περιλαμβάνει μηχανισμούς που δίνουν προτεραιότητα στα πακέτα βίντεο, ενώ παράλληλα αξιοποιούνται πληροφορίες από τα κατώτερα επίπεδα του μοντέλου OSI. Συγκεκριμένα, αξιοποιούνται πληροφορίες που συλλέγονται από το στρώμα ζεύξης δεδομένων οι οποίες αφορούν την ποιότητα του λαμβανόμενου σήματος. Ο προτεινόμενος μηχανισμός χρησιμοποιεί τις μετρήσεις της ενέργειας σήματος ως προς τον θόρυβο του καναλιού (SNR) σε όλο το μήκος ενός μονοπατιού, προκειμένου να βελτιώσει την αποδοτικότητα του πρωτοκόλλου δρομολόγησης AODV και συγκεκριμένα τη διαδικασία ανακατασκευής μονοπατιών. Η αξιολόγηση που προτείνεται είναι με εξομοιώσεις στον εξομοιωτή δικτύων ns-2. Συμπερασματικά, στόχος αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη μετάδοσης πολυμεσικών δεδομένων μέσω διαφόρων πρωτοκόλλων δρομολόγησης σε συνθήκες αστικού περιβάλλοντος. Επίσης, στόχος είναι η μελέτη και η ανάπτυξη διαστρωματικών μηχανισμών προσαρμοστικής μετάδοσης και η πιθανή βελτίωση ή παραμετροποίηση υπαρχόντων μηχανισμών για την αποδοτικότερη μετάδοση πάνω από τα ασύρματα κινητά Ad Hoc δίκτυα. Ο κεντρικός άξονας στην ανάπτυξη αυτών των μηχανισμών στηρίζεται στην παροχή προτεραιότητας στα πακέτα που περιέχουν δεδομένα πολυμέσων, στην ενίσχυση των μηχανισμών ελέγχου ροής και συμφόρησης και στη βελτίωση των πρωτοκόλλων δρομολόγησης αξιοποιώντας στοιχεία του φυσικού δικτύου, με απώτερο στόχο τη βελτίωση της απόδοσης της μετάδοσης πολυμεσικών δεδομένων. / Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are becoming more essential to wireless commu- nications due to growing popularity of mobile devices. The integration of mobile ad hoc devices inside vehicles has led to another type of networks, called Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) which are also becoming important. These networks require specialized routing protocols due to their ad hoc nature. The performance of these pro- tocols has been tested for the case of general traffic but not in respect with to multimedia traffic and especially video transmission. In this work we conduct a number of simulations in order to evaluate the performance of three of the most popular routing protocols for MANETs and VANETs, namely AODV, DSR and OLSR, for different number of simultaneous video transmissions. We use the packet delivery ratio, the end-to-end delay, the packet delay variation (jit- ter) and the routing overhead as evaluation metrics. The results indicate that the DSR protocol outperforms AODV and OLSR in terms of end-to-end delay and packet delay variation and seems to be the most efficient routing protocol when multimedia traffic and especially video traffic is considered. Moreover, we present a cross-layer mechanism for efficient video transmission over this type of networks. The proposed mechanism consists of a priority-scheduling algorithm, at the network layer, and the use of the IEEE 802.11e standard at the MAC layer. The priority-scheduling algorithm takes into account the frame type of the MPEG-4 video file in order to provide different priorities to the most important video packets. At the MAC layer, the IEEE 802.11e protocol assigns the highest priority to video applications to reduce delay and packets losses due to other competing traffic. This design is easily implemented in any ad hoc wireless network as an extension on the AODV MANET routing protocol. Simulation results conducted with the network simulator ns-2 show the advantages of the proposed design. Finally, we propose a cross-layer design that aims to improve the performance of video transmission using TCP Friendly Rate Control (TFRC). Our design provides priority to video packets and exploits information from the MAC layer in order to improve TFRC’s performance. The proposed cross-layer mechanism utilizes Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) measurements along the routing path, in order to make the route recon- struction procedure more efficient. Simulation results show that both the use of traffic categorization and the SNR utilization lead to important improvements of video trans- mission over the mobile Ad hoc network. More specifically, simulations indicate in- creased average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) for the received video, increased throughput and packet delivery ration, as well as reduced average end-to-end delay.

Uma Rede Móvel Ad Hoc (MANET) consiste em uma coleção de terminais que possuem uma interface de transmissão e recepção sem fio (wireless) e que se movimentam em uma determinada área de abrangência. Geralmente esses terminais fazem uso de freqüências de rádio nas comunicações e configuram uma rede não infraestruturada. As MANETs, também conhecidas como independentes, não necessitam de qualquer infra-estrutura pré-existente para prover comunicação entre os nós, contudo, são utilizadas, principalmente quando integradas à Internet. Essa integração, apesar de possível, normalmente necessita de um gateway que encaminhe os pacotes entre as redes de computadores, respeitando as suas características individuais. Problemas, assim como atrasos e perdas de pacotes, podem ser provocados pelas diferenças intríncias aos protocolos de roteamento. Embora o Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proponha diversos protocolos de roteamento para as MANETs, o presente trabalho investiga o protocolo de roteamento Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), por ser considerado um dos protocolos mais implementados e estudados pelo grupo de trabalho do IETF. O nodo gateway, embora já esteja implementado no protocolo de roteamento AODV (HAMIDIAN, 2003), deve ser capaz de interagir com as funções de roteamento da Internet, trocando tráfego com a mesma, de modo transparente e eficiente. O protocolo AODV, por ser reativo, pode demorar até 0,05 segundos para estabelecer uma rota entre um nodo origem e um nodo destino. Nos padrões atuais esse tempo pode ser considerado exageradamente alto, gerando gargalos entre sub-redes, descarte de pacotes e baixa eficiência. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de customização do protocolo de roteamento AODV com atuação restrita ao nodo gateway. Esta customização consiste na adição de uma métrica de confiabilidade no processo de descoberta e utilização de rotas visando a redução no número de pacotes descartados e um ganho de eficiência no fluxo de dados entre as sub-redes envolvidas. / A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a collection of mobile hosts, moving in certain range area, that has a wireless interface for transmission and receiving data. Usually these terminals make use of radio frequencies in communications and configure a non infrastructured network. The MANETs, also known as independent, require no pre-existing infrastructure to provide communication between network mobile nodes, however, are used, preferably when integrated with the Internet. This integration, although possible, usually need a gateway that forwards packets between both computer networks, keeping their individual characteristics. Problems such as delays and packet losses can be caused by differences inherent in the routing protocols. Although the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposes several routing protocols for MANETs, this paper investigates the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, viewed as one of more implemented and studied protocol by the IETF work group. The gateway node, which is already implemented in the AODV routing protocol (Hamidian, 2003), should be able to interact, transparently and efficiently, with the Internet routing functions exchanging traffic between them. The AODV protocol, being reactive, can take up to 0.05 seconds to establish a route between a source node and a destination node. By today's standards this time may be considered excessively high, creating bottlenecks between subnets, packet drop and low efficiency. This paper proposes an AODV routing protocol customization restricted to the gateway node activities. This customization consists of adding reliability metric in the route discovery process and its consequent use in order to reduce the number of dropped packets and get increased efficiency in the data flow between the subnets involved.

Uma Rede Móvel Ad Hoc (MANET) consiste em uma coleção de terminais que possuem uma interface de transmissão e recepção sem fio (wireless) e que se movimentam em uma determinada área de abrangência. Geralmente esses terminais fazem uso de freqüências de rádio nas comunicações e configuram uma rede não infraestruturada. As MANETs, também conhecidas como independentes, não necessitam de qualquer infra-estrutura pré-existente para prover comunicação entre os nós, contudo, são utilizadas, principalmente quando integradas à Internet. Essa integração, apesar de possível, normalmente necessita de um gateway que encaminhe os pacotes entre as redes de computadores, respeitando as suas características individuais. Problemas, assim como atrasos e perdas de pacotes, podem ser provocados pelas diferenças intríncias aos protocolos de roteamento. Embora o Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proponha diversos protocolos de roteamento para as MANETs, o presente trabalho investiga o protocolo de roteamento Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), por ser considerado um dos protocolos mais implementados e estudados pelo grupo de trabalho do IETF. O nodo gateway, embora já esteja implementado no protocolo de roteamento AODV (HAMIDIAN, 2003), deve ser capaz de interagir com as funções de roteamento da Internet, trocando tráfego com a mesma, de modo transparente e eficiente. O protocolo AODV, por ser reativo, pode demorar até 0,05 segundos para estabelecer uma rota entre um nodo origem e um nodo destino. Nos padrões atuais esse tempo pode ser considerado exageradamente alto, gerando gargalos entre sub-redes, descarte de pacotes e baixa eficiência. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de customização do protocolo de roteamento AODV com atuação restrita ao nodo gateway. Esta customização consiste na adição de uma métrica de confiabilidade no processo de descoberta e utilização de rotas visando a redução no número de pacotes descartados e um ganho de eficiência no fluxo de dados entre as sub-redes envolvidas. / A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) consists of a collection of mobile hosts, moving in certain range area, that has a wireless interface for transmission and receiving data. Usually these terminals make use of radio frequencies in communications and configure a non infrastructured network. The MANETs, also known as independent, require no pre-existing infrastructure to provide communication between network mobile nodes, however, are used, preferably when integrated with the Internet. This integration, although possible, usually need a gateway that forwards packets between both computer networks, keeping their individual characteristics. Problems such as delays and packet losses can be caused by differences inherent in the routing protocols. Although the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) proposes several routing protocols for MANETs, this paper investigates the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol, viewed as one of more implemented and studied protocol by the IETF work group. The gateway node, which is already implemented in the AODV routing protocol (Hamidian, 2003), should be able to interact, transparently and efficiently, with the Internet routing functions exchanging traffic between them. The AODV protocol, being reactive, can take up to 0.05 seconds to establish a route between a source node and a destination node. By today's standards this time may be considered excessively high, creating bottlenecks between subnets, packet drop and low efficiency. This paper proposes an AODV routing protocol customization restricted to the gateway node activities. This customization consists of adding reliability metric in the route discovery process and its consequent use in order to reduce the number of dropped packets and get increased efficiency in the data flow between the subnets involved.