Thesis advisor: Robert K. Faulkner / 19th Century Danish thinker Søren Kierkegaard believed society alienates individuals from their true selves. Kierkegaard entitles this concept "despair." As such, despair deals not only with Kierkegaard's interpretation of the individual but also of the evolution of societies. While arguing that despair has existed throughout human history, this paper is an exploration of the ways in which modern or "Present Age" societies uniquely exacerbate despair according to Kierkegaard. This work begins with an in-depth look at Kierkegaard's interpretation of the individual and of the self and then addresses the difference between modern and pre-modern societies. Analysis of Kierkegaard's works concludes with a discussion of modern social institutions and their contributions to the problems of the present age. / Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2009. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Political Science.

The objections of Customs are cargo examination and tax levying. The purpose of cargo examination is to curb dodging inspection or related restrained regulations. In the other hand, the purpose of tax levying is to execute national economic policies such as protection of intellectual property rights, national security. Furthermore, tax levying can increase the speed of international trade activities, providing transparent, simplified and non-barrier clearance environments. Since Taiwan joined APEC and WTO, Customs has enforced several measures to cope with Customs operation modernization and free trade policy. Accordingly, the Customs has carried out reorganization to improve its efficiency and also set up an internationalized and anti-corruption unit. It also conducted a personnel training in a fair and open way. In the sphere of clearance, the Customs simplified some procedures and enforced swift clearance. At the same time, the Customs revoked some improper regulations and decreased intervention to private businesses. Furthermore, the Customs positively sought to cooperate with concerned institutions to offer transparent, expedited, and paperless and website services. As the functions of Customs are concerned, the Customs adopted risk management to control businesses. Moreover, the Customs signed symposia with businesses to build up a good and interacted relationship with them. Under the trend of global economic, the traditional ways of management is out of time. As a result, the Customs has made some new policies to cope with new environments. Modernization is no doubt one of the most important reforms in the Customs. In order to meet with the requirements of businesses, the Customs endeavors to enhance Customs officers¡¦ capacity and assigns competent and professional Customers to provide service for the public. In other hand, the Customs not only adopted international agreements, but also simplified its regulations accordingly. It followed out some convenient measures in accordance with Kyoto convention as well as international criteria. The Customs set up strategic alliance with those enterprises with good reputation, with an end to strengthen mutual understanding and cooperation. The Customs also exchanges information with enterprises to prevent smuggling. Finally, the Customs offered enterprises a preferential treatment to create a win-win situation for both sides. In accordance with Customs clearance modernization, the Customs already progressively implemented a lot of measures such as automation of clearance¡Ketc. This research suggests that the Customs should constantly train Customs officers, carry out new audit system and enlarge the scope of risk managements. Additionally, the Customs should positively create a strategic alliance with outstanding enterprises and establish an integrity and intelligent organization under transparent procedures. Namely, the Customs should push forward cross-strait corporation and keep up the pace with international Customs. Through such transformation the Customs will upgrade its competitiveness in a great extent.

M.A. (Social Anthropology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

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Modernization of Volyně, Dominant developmental trends of economy, society and politics between years 1848 and 1938 This text following the proposition of modernization theory tries to regard long-lasting evolution of making modern society in the small town Volyně. It is divided into parts searching for a modern tendencies in terms of various segments of social, economic, cultural and political life. First of all there is pointed at making progress to road-traffic infrastructure, uprising mass-transportation and post, telegraph and phone services. The second part is looking for the meaningful changes connected with the liberal economy and the industrial revolution, concretely redeployment agricultural sector and translocation the manpower into trade sector and industry, then concentration of manufacturing and downfall of the small workshop production. The third part inquires the quantity and quality of the town's population, the main demographic changes came by the removal of diseases caused by insufficient personal hygiene and municipal sanitation and on the other hand by the birth of the new demographic regime and transformation of population pattern. In the scholarship area the dominant trends of modernity are tried to be find in the decrease of church's influence and in the erection of technical...

The Swedish coastal defence took on a whole new meaning after the introduction of the coastal artillery in 1902. The establishment of the coastal artillery meant that the Swedish military had access to a whole new military branch, in addition to the Army and the Navy. Under the direction of one general, two regiments were established. One in Vaxholm and the second in the naval city of Karlskrona. The aim of this essay is to investigate how the Costal Artillery were established, by analyzing the parliamentary of the year 1901. I also analyzed one of Karlskronas local newspapers of the time, and see what is written about the new military branch.

This thesis aims to search for the whys and wherefores of success and failure in Japan's 'catching up' and China's 'slowing down' on the path to modernization / Westernization from the mid-nineteenth century to approximately the end of the first decade of the twentieth century. First, in the introduction (Chapter One) I state what is the aim of the thesis; the definition of 'modernization'; literature review; methodology; outline of the thesis; and problems and limitations. Chronologically, I divide the period into four phases for detailed discussion: legacies, formative, operative, and consequent. In 'the legacies' (Chapter Two), it is shown that elements of the legacies such as territorial integrity, population, and political, military, economic and social circumstances in Tokugawa Japan were relatively more conducive to modernization along Western lines than those in Ch'ing China. In the formative phase (Chapter Three), it is shown that the central government and regional provincial leaders in Ch'ing China knew little and did almost nothing to respond to the menace of the West. By contrast, the Tokugawa Shogunate and more particularly regional daimyō and samurai had a deep sense of crisis and early on launched a series of reforms. In the operative phase (Chapter Four), it will be seen that both nations pursued a national goal of 'rich nation and strong army'. However, the Self-Strengthening Movement in Ch'ing China merely undertook a superficial reform primarily limited to military innovation and introduction of Western industrialization in order to maintain the old dynastic stability. By contrast, in Meiji Japan, under the post-Restoration leadership of an oligarchy of talented and visionary individuals, the government launched a full range of reforms in pursuit of the West. In the consequent phase (Chapter Five), even though China had by now a better comprehension of the West and continued some reforms, its path to modernization was still frustrated because of the ineffective imperial leadership, and the ethnic antipathy and power struggling between the Manchus and the Han officers. In contrast with China, Japan's modernization had shown continuity, integrity, and accumulation and acceleration and it had successfully achieved the national goal of 'rich nation and strong army' by this stage. In Chapter Six, I reveal several famous scholars' comments on this issue of comparative modernisation. As well, I humbly set forth a set of criteria to consider what might be the best principles and model for a nation undertaking modernization. A conclusion reviews the thesis and it arguments in Chapter Seven, and is followed by a series of appendices and illustrations and bibliography.

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-08-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:57:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 sinhorini_jm_me_prud.pdf: 2975588 bytes, checksum: 066fbcd2dd68fa41cce2f2d9353a4f61 (MD5) / A pesquisa procura analisar a constituição e atuação da Cooperativa Agropecuária Capanema Ltda (COAGRO), no sudoeste do Paraná, entre os anos de 1970 e 2004, evidenciando as transformações territoriais decorrentes de sua formação. Para isso, trabalhamos com a pesquisa bibliográfica, coleta de dados secundários e fizemos entrevistas, observando atividades cotidianas dos associados, além da análise de relatórios e documentos. Nos primeiros 15 anos de atividade, a COAGRO atuou como mediadora do processo de modernização agrícola, recebendo forte apoio do Estado, este, em grande parte, responsável por seu crescimento. Apesar dos subsídios oferecidos à cooperativa e aos cooperados, ocorreram alguns efeitos territoriais em sua área de ação, como o desaparecimento e o fracionamento de muitos estabelecimentos agrícolas, especialmente aqueles com área inferior a 50 hectares. Os efeitos das políticas econômicas, do final dos anos de 1980 e anos de 1990, foram sentidos pela COAGRO, aprofundando suas dificuldades financeiras, devido às quais, vendeu algumas unidades e passou por um processo de reestruturação em suas atividades. Após esse período de crise, a cooperativa vai-se firmando novamente como empresa capitalista, territorializando seus interesses e aqueles das grandes empresas fornecedoras de insumos, máquinas e compradoras de matéria-prima, intensificando a expansão do capitalismo no campo. / The research tries to analyze the constitution and performance of Cooperativa Agropecuária Capanema Ltda (COAGRO), in the Southwest of Paraná State, between the years 1970 and 2004, outstanding the territorial transformations as a result of its transformation. For that, we have worked with the bibliographic research, secondary data collection and we have made interviews, observing daily activities of the partnerships, besides the analysis of reports and documents. In the first 15 years of activity, COAGRO has acted as a mediator in the process of agriculture modernization, receiving great support from the state, that was responsible for its growing. Despite the subsides offered to the cooperative and to the cooperators some territorial effect have occurred on its area, as the disappearing and the fractioning of many farms, mainly those with an area less than 123,55 acres. The effects of economic policy in the end of the 80s and 90s were felt by COAGRO deepening its financial difficulties being obliged to sell some of its units and has suffered by a process of restructure of its activities. After this period of crisis , the cooperative again states as a capitalist company, territorializing its interests and those of big companies suppliers of agriculture supplies machines and buyers of raw material intensifying the expansion of the capitalism in the countryside.

Orientador: Marcos Aurélio Saquet / Banca: Eliseu Savério Sposito / Banca: Júlio César Suzuki / Resumo: A pesquisa procura analisar a constituição e atuação da Cooperativa Agropecuária Capanema Ltda (COAGRO), no sudoeste do Paraná, entre os anos de 1970 e 2004, evidenciando as transformações territoriais decorrentes de sua formação. Para isso, trabalhamos com a pesquisa bibliográfica, coleta de dados secundários e fizemos entrevistas, observando atividades cotidianas dos associados, além da análise de relatórios e documentos. Nos primeiros 15 anos de atividade, a COAGRO atuou como mediadora do processo de modernização agrícola, recebendo forte apoio do Estado, este, em grande parte, responsável por seu crescimento. Apesar dos subsídios oferecidos à cooperativa e aos cooperados, ocorreram alguns efeitos territoriais em sua área de ação, como o desaparecimento e o fracionamento de muitos estabelecimentos agrícolas, especialmente aqueles com área inferior a 50 hectares. Os efeitos das políticas econômicas, do final dos anos de 1980 e anos de 1990, foram sentidos pela COAGRO, aprofundando suas dificuldades financeiras, devido às quais, vendeu algumas unidades e passou por um processo de reestruturação em suas atividades. Após esse período de crise, a cooperativa vai-se firmando novamente como empresa capitalista, territorializando seus interesses e aqueles das grandes empresas fornecedoras de insumos, máquinas e compradoras de matéria-prima, intensificando a expansão do capitalismo no campo. / Abstract: The research tries to analyze the constitution and performance of Cooperativa Agropecuária Capanema Ltda (COAGRO), in the Southwest of Paraná State, between the years 1970 and 2004, outstanding the territorial transformations as a result of its transformation. For that, we have worked with the bibliographic research, secondary data collection and we have made interviews, observing daily activities of the partnerships, besides the analysis of reports and documents. In the first 15 years of activity, COAGRO has acted as a mediator in the process of agriculture modernization, receiving great support from the state, that was responsible for its growing. Despite the subsides offered to the cooperative and to the cooperators some territorial effect have occurred on its area, as the disappearing and the fractioning of many farms, mainly those with an area less than 123,55 acres. The effects of economic policy in the end of the 80s and 90s were felt by COAGRO deepening its financial difficulties being obliged to sell some of its units and has suffered by a process of restructure of its activities. After this period of crisis , the cooperative again states as a capitalist company, territorializing its interests and those of big companies suppliers of agriculture supplies machines and buyers of raw material intensifying the expansion of the capitalism in the countryside. / Mestre