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Á quoi servent les modes d’intervention dispensés en maison d’arrêt ? À occuper les détenus et à alléger la mécanique du temps qui s’immobilise et broie la perception de soi dans cet univers oppressant ? Probablement  oui, mais pas seulement. Source de tensions, de paradoxes, d’ajustements et d’adaptations transactionnelles incessantes, ces entités sont acceptées et reconditionnées en de nouveaux modèles opérants et objectivés. Prenant l’apparence de formes institutionnalisées, représentées ou vécues, ces modes d’intervention s’emparent d’espaces latents de liberté et mettent à jour d’autres systèmes de valeurs et d’autres modèles de culture. Producteurs désenchantés de savoirs et de normes, ces objets ont une dynamique propre, souterraine, de transgression, qui échappe largement au contrôle social de l’administration pénitentiaire. Tout en accompagnant, chemin faisant, le parcours de vie de cinq personnes détenues puis sortantes, de façon singulière, découverte a été faite de processus de transformation, de reconquête de soi faites en tension avec des formes d’éducations plurielles et informelles. À l’aune de savoirs techniques de support, apparaissent des apprentissages transitoires, transgressifs et « kleenex », dont le rôle et les usages oscillent entre fugacité opportuniste et cristallisation conscientisée dans la durée. Ces modes d’intervention auraient alors vocation à appareiller les personnes incarcérées : comme des outils qui aident à survivre dans l’institution, à supporter les conditions de l’enfermement et à s’évader virtuellement pour mieux se donner les moyens de se projeter vers un avenir toujours incertain. / What is the purpose of this support we give to prisoners? To give them something to do, and to lift the weight of time which both stifles and eats away at their self-esteem in such an oppressive environment? Indeed, but there is more. Sources of tension, of paradox, of adjustment and of incessant change, these institutions are accepted but transformed in to new operational models with new objectives. Starting with this institutionalised form, these new types of initiative permit freedom of expression and remind one of value systems and other forms of culture. Although these sessions have the same origins as the knowledge and rules methods which cause so much disillusionment, they have their own dynamic, their own transgression, which is completely new to the prison administration. Accompanying five individuals, initially whilst in prison, and then when released, in a both individual, resulted in a process of transformation, an appreciated of one's self in a new type of informal and multi-faceted education. Alongside the more classical support techniques are appearing less-known apprenticeships, transitory or spot, whose role and uses vary between fleeting opportunism and concrete in the long term. These methods seek to prepare prisoners. These are tools to help them survive in prison, to endure the incarceration and to travel in a virtual manner in order to give themselves the means to look forward to a future which is uncertain but one that is to be built.

Please read the abstract in the front of the document. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Physics / unrestricted

In this study, we present analytical and experimental investigation of electrically actuated micro cantilever based resonators. These devices are fabricated using polyimide and coated with chrome and gold layers from both sides. The cantilevers are highly curled up due to stress gradient, which is a common imperfection in surface micro machining. Using a laser Doppler vibrometer, we applied a noise signal to experimentally find the first four resonance frequencies. Then, using a data acquisition card, we swept the excitation frequency around the first four natural modes of vibrations. Theoretically, we derived a reduced order model using the Galerkin method to simulate the dynamics of the system. Extensive numerical analysis and computations were performed. The numerical analysis was able to provide good matching with experimental values of the resonance frequencies. Also, we proved the ability to excite higher order modes using partial electrodes with shapes that resemble the shape of the mode of interest. Such micro-resonators are shown to be promising for applications in mass and gas sensing.

Thesis advisor: Kenneth Burch / In quantum materials, quantum mechanical effects survive over a wide range of temperatures and length scales, which leads to fascinating phenomena, such as charge density waves, spin liquids, and magnetism. These remarkable properties originate from a delicate balance among many interacting degrees of freedom. Even small perturbations such as temperature and doping can induce many diverse phases and colossal changes in the material's functionalities. It remains a mystery how to detect these novel phenomena without complicated fabrication and extreme conditions. This thesis contributed to this field by studying collective modes in quantum materials via inelastic light scattering. After fabricating the devices in a glovebox, we directly transfer them to the measurement platform under a high vacuum. Using Raman spectroscopy, a new quasi-particles--axial Higgs mode in charge density wave systems was discovered and further symmetry breaking accompanied with it suggests the charge density wave is unconventional. In addition to symmetry analysis breakthroughs, this thesis also provided direct evidence of the fractional nature as well as the energy and temperature limits of Kitaev interactions in quantum spin liquid candidate systems, which is the building block for topological quantum computers. Not limited to 2D Kitaev materials, the non-Fluery-Loudon single magnon scattering process was detected in a 3D Kitaev system. Other than using Raman to probe the fundamental nature, we also employed it to reveal, for the first time, a clean way to realize modulation doping in 2D materials, where the acceptor carrier density has reached 10$^{14}$ cm$^{-2}$. This method can be applied to dope magnetic materials or twisted heterostructures to find new phases. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2022. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Physics.

Modes of Infernal Rave Dancing is a lively and compact orchestral work combining many elements that would not otherwise belong together. It applies 20th-century harmonic techniques to a simple dance melody as one would hear in the electronic dance genre. The piece begins by emphasizing one pitch, and gradually adds more pitches before presenting the main melody. Each section builds to segments with harsh dissonances. The entire piece relies on the rhythmic pulse, which creates a sense of urgency in the beginning, nearly disappears in the middle, and returns energetically at the finale. My hope is that this work is suitable as a witty beginning or conclusion to any orchestral concert.

Transhumanism is an emerging philosophical and social movement that aims, through technology, to extend human life and radically expand intellectual, physical, and psychological capabilities. Many of transhumanism's goals overlap the eschatological hopes of Christians, such as the elimination of sickness and death. Yet observers who see transhumanism and Christianity in monolithic terms often portray them as adversaries. Against this view, I argue that within each community are factions that have comparable, but contested, views on God, the divine attributes, and human origins, responsibility, and destiny. As a result, an emerging dialog between particular transhumanists and Christians seeks to shape the future of humanity by integrating the basic commitments of transhumanism and Christianity. Bruno Latour's concept of modes of existence offers a framework for both developing and analyzing diplomacy between and within Christian and transhumanist communities. Specifically, Latour's work allows for the identification of category mistakes that set the terms of intermodal conflicts and dialog. Some transhumanists and most Christians hold beliefs about the nature and meaning of God. Christians believe in a Trinitarian God that is the preexistent, eternal, and personal creator of the universe. By contrast, elements of the transhumanist movement believe that in the future an artificial God will inevitably emerge as an omniscient and omnipotent supercomputer. The attributes, concepts and purposes of God and, by extension, nature lend a basis for developing diplomatic relationships between factions of transhumanism and Christianity. Diplomacy between transhumanism and Christianity exists via social media and virtual meeting places. At the forefront of this movement is a new Christian Transhumanist Association that I analyze in some depth. It is only a couple of years old, but its leaders have already attracted international attention. Their strategy of theological minimalism seeks to reduce friction among stakeholders. I show that this strategy sacrifices the insights that Christian theology and philosophy could bring to the development of transhumanism. I conclude that in order to affect transhumanism Christians must find ways to apply their insights into personal creator-creature relationships to the challenges of safely developing artificial superintelligence. / Ph. D.

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