Thesis (Ph. D.)--Columbia University, 1922. / Vita. Published also as Studies in history, economics and public law, vol. 103, no. 1; whole no. 233. Bibliography: p. 147-150.

Essential portion of Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1942. / Only chapters IX and X have been printed. The entire thesis is on microfilm at the University of Pennsylvania. cf. p. iv. "Notes" (bibliographical) at end of each chapter.

Thesis advisor: David Quigley / This dissertation argues that George Washington's Farewell Address established the foundational principles of U.S. foreign policy and was the central text through which citizens of the Early Republic came to understand the connections between the nation's domestic and foreign ambitions. In the eyes of most Americans, the Declaration of Independence affirmed their ideals and the Constitution established their government, but it was Washington's principles that would ensure the nation's maturation into a world power. The Address became deeply embedded in the popular consciousness through annual readings on Washington's birthday, frequent discussion of its principles in the press, and as an integral component of the civic education of the nation's youth. Ordinary Americans far removed from the nation's capital and from complicated debates over particular foreign policies and their implications could still express an informed opinion on the wisdom of those policies based on their understanding of the Farewell. "Addressing America" goes beyond this popular story to illuminate how the Farewell shaped the fundamental disagreement over the conduct of U.S. foreign policy from 1796 to 1852. When Washington issued his valedictory he intended it as a flexible and pragmatic statement of the general principles that should guide the construction of foreign policies aimed at protecting American interests. An essential part of Washington's wisdom was the recognition that the nation's interests would change over time, and thus so too would its foreign policies. Five years later, incoming President Thomas Jefferson summarized his approach to foreign policy in his inaugural address of 1801 by promising "peace, commerce, and honest friendship with all nations, entangling alliances with none." This phrase was universally seen as an allusion to the Farewell Address and it immediately entered the popular lexicon as a way of pithily describing the nation's core foreign policy principles. Over time "entangling alliances with none" became associated directly with Washington. More than just a case of misattribution, the linking of this phrase to the Farewell permanently altered the meaning of the Address for most Americans; instead of a flexible statement of general principles, it became a rigid prescription for a permanent foreign policy of virtual isolation from the rest of the world. In the fifty years after Jefferson's inaugural, the overarching narrative of American foreign policy is the conflict between these competing interpretations of the Farewell Address and how these differences in principle produced a varied understanding of both U.S. foreign policy and America's place in the world. This dissertation is the first work of historical scholarship to conduct a sustained examination of the ways that Washington's Farewell Address was understood over time by early Americans and how it fundamentally shaped their view of the United States and its place in the world. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: History.

Thesis advisor: Jennie Purnell / Abstract: American policy in Latin America has been primarily motivated by a desire to keep foreign powers out of the Western Hemisphere. To this end America has pursued a policy of military intervention designed to make sure that it stays the dominant power in this hemisphere. American policymakers consider this vital to national security, and have do not let concerns over the moral implications of the interventions interfere. This paper looks at interventions during the 20th century, focusing on the imperialist era of the first few decades of the 20th century and the Cold War. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2004. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Political Science. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

Latin America is in the last years a region who is receiving more and more global attention both on the economic and political side. During the last 30 years the region has gone through several changes allowing the Latin American countries to maintain a fast and stable economic and democratic growth which has attracted the interest of the two main economic powers, the United States and the People's Republic of China. Since the Monroe Doctrine, the United States has significantly contributed to shaping policy in Latin America. However, given the recent changes in the international system since the end of the Cold War, the U.S. influence has decreased probably as never before. This has allowed other international powers, precisely China, to enter the region and gain important economic and political partners. Given China's need for commodities, energy and the need for new markets for their high amounts of manufactures, Latin America has gone off very well in increasing its economical ties with China. However, it must not be forgotten that the United States still plays an important role in the region. The aim of this thesis is to compare the current foreign policies of the United States and the China towards Latin America, of where is the arm of the United States important, and where the Chinese one is.

Orientador: Marco Aurélio Nogueira de Oliveira e Silva / Banca: Antonio Pedro Tota / Banca: Carlos Gustavo Poggio Teixeira / Banca: Cristina Soreanu Pecequilo / Banca: Guilherme Stolle Paixão e Casarões / O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Relações Internacionais é instituído em parceria com a Unesp/Unicamp/PUC-SP, em projeto subsidiado pela CAPES, intitulado "Programa San Tiago Dantas" / Resumo: Esta tese de doutorado tem o objetivo de explicar a ascensão dos Estados Unidos no sistema internacional, por meio de análise os discursos presidenciais do State of the Union, no período correspondente aos anos de 1865 e 1912. Buscaremos compreender o papel da ideia de singularidade, especialmente presentes no chamado Destino Manifesto e nos marcos conhecidos como Doutrina Monroe e Corolário Roosevelt. Ademais, daremos ênfase às construções que relacionam a construção da identidade norte-americana em contraponto à do "Outro" a ser delimitada, como na adoção de uma leitura darwinista das relações sociais e dentre nações pelos presidentes norte-americanos. Igualmente, trabalharemos com a ideia de uma fronteira que se expande de acordo com a necessidade e os interesses do país dentro de um projeto de ordem e estabilidade hemisférica que corresponderia a um projeto similar de forma interna. Nossa análise será conduzida por referenciais teóricos considerados pós-estruturalistas, auxiliada particularmente pelas obras de autores como David Campbell (1992) e Robert Walker (1993), para os quais a linguagem é objeto de estudo na disciplina de Relações Internacionais. / Abstract: This dissertation aims to illustrate the rise of the United States in the international system through presidential speeches of the State of the Union analysis, from 1865 to 1912. We seek to understand the role played by perceptions of singularity, especially in the so-called Manifest Destiny and the Roosevelt Corollary's of Monroe Doctrine. Additionally, we emphasize the narratives that relate the construction of American identities as opposed to the "Other", usually approached under a Darwinian perception of social relations between the nations and the U.S. presidents, including the idea of a border that expands according to the needs and interests of the country - in an order and hemispheric stability that would correspond to a similar project internally. Our analysis will be conducted poststructuralist theory, mainly in the works of authors such as David Campbell (1992) and Robert Walker (1993), that consider the language as an subject of study in the discipline of International Relations. / Resumen: Esta tesis de doctorado tiene el objetivo de analizar el ascenso de Estados Unidos en el sistema internacional a través de los discursos presidenciales del State of the Union en el período correspondiente a los años 1865 y 1912. Buscaremos comprender el papel de la idea de singularidad, especialmente presentes en el llamado "Destino Manifiesto" y en los hitos conocidos como "Doctrina Monroe" y "Corolario Roosevelt". Además, daremos énfasis a las construcciones que relacionan la construcción de la identidad norteamericana en contrapunto a la del "Otro" a ser delimitada, como en la adopción de una lectura darwinista de las relaciones sociales y entre las naciones por los presidentes norteamericanos, y la idea de Una frontera que se expande de acuerdo con la necesidad y los intereses del país, dentro de un proyecto de orden y estabilidad hemisférica que correspondería a un proyecto similar de forma interna. Nuestro análisis será conducido por referenciales teóricos considerados post-estructuralistas, auxiliada particularmente por las obras de autores como David Campbell (1992) y Robert Walker (1993) - los cuales colocan el lenguaje como objeto de estudio en la disciplina de Relaciones Internacionales. / Doutor

Submitted by LUCAS AMARAL BATISTA LEITE null (leite.ri@gmail.com) on 2017-09-19T02:33:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LEITE_2017_REVISADA.pdf: 2464929 bytes, checksum: b0fa8613e387351b414b4366429661f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monique Sasaki (sayumi_sasaki@hotmail.com) on 2017-09-19T20:44:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 leite_lab_dr_mar.pdf: 2464929 bytes, checksum: b0fa8613e387351b414b4366429661f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-19T20:44:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 leite_lab_dr_mar.pdf: 2464929 bytes, checksum: b0fa8613e387351b414b4366429661f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-21 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Esta tese de doutorado tem o objetivo de explicar a ascensão dos Estados Unidos no sistema internacional, por meio de análise os discursos presidenciais do State of the Union, no período correspondente aos anos de 1865 e 1912. Buscaremos compreender o papel da ideia de singularidade, especialmente presentes no chamado Destino Manifesto e nos marcos conhecidos como Doutrina Monroe e Corolário Roosevelt. Ademais, daremos ênfase às construções que relacionam a construção da identidade norte-americana em contraponto à do "Outro" a ser delimitada, como na adoção de uma leitura darwinista das relações sociais e dentre nações pelos presidentes norte-americanos. Igualmente, trabalharemos com a ideia de uma fronteira que se expande de acordo com a necessidade e os interesses do país dentro de um projeto de ordem e estabilidade hemisférica que corresponderia a um projeto similar de forma interna. Nossa análise será conduzida por referenciais teóricos considerados pós-estruturalistas, auxiliada particularmente pelas obras de autores como David Campbell (1992) e Robert Walker (1993), para os quais a linguagem é objeto de estudo na disciplina de Relações Internacionais. / This dissertation aims to illustrate the rise of the United States in the international system through presidential speeches of the State of the Union analysis, from 1865 to 1912. We seek to understand the role played by perceptions of singularity, especially in the so-called Manifest Destiny and the Roosevelt Corollary’s of Monroe Doctrine. Additionally, we emphasize the narratives that relate the construction of American identities as opposed to the "Other", usually approached under a Darwinian perception of social relations between the nations and the U.S. presidents, including the idea of a border that expands according to the needs and interests of the country - in an order and hemispheric stability that would correspond to a similar project internally. Our analysis will be conducted poststructuralist theory, mainly in the works of authors such as David Campbell (1992) and Robert Walker (1993), that consider the language as an subject of study in the discipline of International Relations. / Esta tesis de doctorado tiene el objetivo de analizar el ascenso de Estados Unidos en el sistema internacional a través de los discursos presidenciales del State of the Union en el período correspondiente a los años 1865 y 1912. Buscaremos comprender el papel de la idea de singularidad, especialmente presentes en el llamado "Destino Manifiesto" y en los hitos conocidos como "Doctrina Monroe" y "Corolario Roosevelt". Además, daremos énfasis a las construcciones que relacionan la construcción de la identidad norteamericana en contrapunto a la del "Otro" a ser delimitada, como en la adopción de una lectura darwinista de las relaciones sociales y entre las naciones por los presidentes norteamericanos, y la idea de Una frontera que se expande de acuerdo con la necesidad y los intereses del país, dentro de un proyecto de orden y estabilidad hemisférica que correspondería a un proyecto similar de forma interna. Nuestro análisis será conducido por referenciales teóricos considerados post-estructuralistas, auxiliada particularmente por las obras de autores como David Campbell (1992) y Robert Walker (1993) - los cuales colocan el lenguaje como objeto de estudio en la disciplina de Relaciones Internacionales. / FAPESP: 2013/00591-9

On April 9, 1940, Germany invaded Denmark. Instantly, the fate and status of Greenland, a Danish colony, was thrust into limbo. During the war, Greenland’s vital mineral resources and location made it significant for the warring parties on both sides of the Atlantic. However, conflicting international corporate and political interests made any act to defend the island on the part of the Allies, or the officially neutral Americans, problematic. Within a year of the Danish occupation, the American government had signed an agreement for the defense of Greenland, extending the protection of both the Monroe Doctrine and the American military to the island. This action was an important step in the formal expansion of American influence in the Western Hemisphere that occurred during the Second World War. This thesis argues that global economic, political, and technological changes led to Greenland’s increased geopolitical significance and set the stage for a shift in the balance of power within the North Atlantic Triangle. It demonstrates how decisions relating to the security of the island came to be made and how conflicting interests within and between governments affected the genesis of the occupation. It explores how Winston Churchill’s decision to mine the North Sea led to the American occupation of Greenland and examines the ways in which the effects of Churchill’s actions raised concerns in Canada about the possibility of a British defeat, which in turn led Mackenzie King, the Canadian Prime Minister, to align his foreign policy closer to that of the United States’ President Roosevelt. This thesis also asserts that Roosevelt successfully used the potential foreign occupation of Greenland to demonstrate to the American public the dangers of foreign conflicts to the United States and to further his hemispheric security objectives both domestically and abroad. These events had a profound and lasting impact on the relationships within the North Atlantic Triangle and on political identity in Greenland, and signalled an important shift in the foreign policy of the United States toward greater American involvement in world affairs.

This work, the way its name suggests it, is intent on the theme of process of achievement of the Latin American states' independence of Spain and Portugal, and on situating of this process in the context of the events of this time in further world's parts, and mainly in the context of the policies of single powers which had, or could have, some interests in the said spaces. Likewise the name itself suggests, its chief interest is intent primarily on the period of the years 1815-1826. While in Europe the Napoleonic Wars had definitively ended, and a new order here was creating, according to principles of the Vienna Congress, and under the supervision of the Holy Alliance, Spanish America had gone through first phase of her own wars of liberation, and it could seem, on the beginning, the situation here was coming anew to profit of the Spanish monarchy, recuperating from the precedent years of the French rule and the war with French intruders. However, the struggle of independence of single Hispanic-American states was continuing, like the Portuguese Brazil reached for own independence of colonial metropolis as well. In the Spanish America's case, Spain, really isolated, despite the negative attitudes of the Holy Alliance's monarchical governments towards the development in her oversea possessions, and...