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Enhancing Nature of Science Understanding, Reflective Judgment, and Argumentation through Socioscientific IssuesCallahan, Brendan E 28 July 2009 (has links)
There is a distinct divide between theory and practice in American science education. Research indicates that a constructivist philosophy, in which students construct their own knowledge, is conductive to learning, while in many cases teachers continue to present science in a more traditional manner. This study sought to explore possible relationships between a socioscientific issues based curriculum and three outcome variables: nature of science understanding, reflective judgment, and argumentation skill. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to examine both whole class differences as well as individual differences between the beginning and end of a semester of high school Biology I. Results indicated that the socioscientific issues based curriculum did not produce statistically significant changes over the course of one semester. However, the treatment group scored better on all three instruments than the comparison group. The small sample size may have contributed to the inability to find statistical significance in this study. The qualitative interviews did indicate that some students provided more sophisticated views on nature of science and reflective judgment, and were able to provide slightly more complex argumentation structures. Theoretical implications regarding the use of explicit use of socioscientific issues in the classroom are presented.
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Abortion : young men's constructions of their lived experiencesMorolong, Jessica Jacqueline 11 1900 (has links)
The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (CTOP Act 92 of 1996) is perhaps the most revolutionary piece of legislation internationally ever to have been promulgated to regulate abortion and as such women’s reproductive lives. Abortion research tends to focus on the experiences of women and thus cast abortion as solely a territory that represents women’s reproductive concerns and the power to choose to procreate. While the CTOP Act safeguards women’s right of choice and a form of determination relating to what happens to their bodies, it also fails to recognise or even make pronouncements about the role that a man plays in the choice to terminate a pregnancy as well as how abortion affects a man’s life. This therefore implies that legally, men do not have a stake to influencing the decision to terminate a pregnancy.
This qualitative study was undertaken to explore how young unmarried males whose partners have undergone an abortion construct abortion and the meanings that they attach to the experience of abortion. Interviews were conducted and the data was analysed using discourse analysis. Some of the young men knew about the woman’s decision to have an abortion and others did not know. Common findings include a sense of helplessness due to feeling that the decision is ultimately that of the woman, anger for those who did not know about the decision to abort and a lack of forgiveness towards their partners. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)
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Abortion : young men's constructions of their lived experiencesMorolong, Jessica Jacqueline 11 1900 (has links)
The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act (CTOP Act 92 of 1996) is perhaps the most revolutionary piece of legislation internationally ever to have been promulgated to regulate abortion and as such women’s reproductive lives. Abortion research tends to focus on the experiences of women and thus cast abortion as solely a territory that represents women’s reproductive concerns and the power to choose to procreate. While the CTOP Act safeguards women’s right of choice and a form of determination relating to what happens to their bodies, it also fails to recognise or even make pronouncements about the role that a man plays in the choice to terminate a pregnancy as well as how abortion affects a man’s life. This therefore implies that legally, men do not have a stake to influencing the decision to terminate a pregnancy.
This qualitative study was undertaken to explore how young unmarried males whose partners have undergone an abortion construct abortion and the meanings that they attach to the experience of abortion. Interviews were conducted and the data was analysed using discourse analysis. Some of the young men knew about the woman’s decision to have an abortion and others did not know. Common findings include a sense of helplessness due to feeling that the decision is ultimately that of the woman, anger for those who did not know about the decision to abort and a lack of forgiveness towards their partners. / Psychology / M. A. (Clinical Psychology)
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Auditor's assessment of a company's "tone at the top" / Ouditeurs se assessering van 'n maatskappy se "karakter aan die hoof" / Tekolo ya ‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo" ya khamphaniJaffer, Faeeza Farouk 11 1900 (has links)
Abstract in English, Afrikaans and Sepedi / The auditing profession is facing criticism for audit firms being associated with clients with
a poor ‘tone at the top’ despite auditors being required to assess a company’s ‘tone at
the top’, both prior to and during an audit. A problem arises if, should auditors perform an
inappropriate ‘tone at the top’ assessment, they may be associated with an unethical
company. Moreover, such an inappropriate assessment may result in an incorrect risk of
material misstatement assessment and, consequently, an inappropriate audit opinion on
the financial statements of the company. A qualitative research approach and a multiple
case study design were used to understand how auditors assess a company’s ‘tone at
the top’. An audit partner from six JSE-accredited audit firms and senior inspectors from
the IRBA were interviewed. It was found that the participating auditors assess a
company’s ethical leadership, ethical culture, the governance role of the audit committee
and compliance with laws and regulations when assessing a company’s ‘tone at the top’
while adhering to quality control principles. Despite the participants acknowledging both
that ‘tone at the top’ assessments are conducted during the pre-engagement and
planning of an audit and that the audit engagement partner is responsible for these
assessments, there was a lack of evidence in the audit files supporting these
assessments. The study findings may enable audit firms to include guidance in their audit
methodologies on ‘tone at the top’ assessments and in documenting such assessments
and may also assist the IRBA in providing guidance and training to auditors on ‘tone at
the top’ assessments. / Die ouditprofessie staar kritiek in die oë as gevolg van die feit dat ouditfirmas geassosieer
word met kliënte met 'n swak “karakter aan die hoof”, ten spyte daarvan dat van ouditeurs
vereis word om 'n maatskappy se “karakter aan die hoof” voor en tydens 'n oudit te
assesseer. Die probleem is dat indien ouditeurs 'n onvanpaste assessering van die
“karakter aan die hoof” uitvoer, hulle met 'n onetiese maatskappy geassosieer kan word.
Boonop kan so 'n onvanpaste assessering aanleiding gee tot 'n verkeerde assessering
van die risiko van wesenlike wanvoorstelling en, gevolglik, 'n onvanpaste ouditmening
oor die finansiële state van die maatskappy. 'n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering en 'n
veelvoudige gevallestudie-ontwerp is gebruik om te verstaan hoe ouditeurs 'n
maatskappy se “karakter aan die hoof” assesseer. Onderhoude is met ouditvennote van
ses ouditfirmas wat deur die JSE geakkrediteer word en senior inspekteurs van die IRBA
gevoer. Daar is bevind dat die deelnemende ouditeurs 'n maatskappy se etiese leierskap,
etiese kultuur, die beheerrol van die ouditkomitee en voldoening aan wette en regulasies
assesseer wanneer 'n maatskappy se “karakter aan die hoof” geassesseer word terwyl
aan gehaltebeheerbeginsels voldoen word. Ten spyte daarvan dat die deelnemers erken
dat assesserings van “karakter aan die hoof” uitgevoer word tydens die vooraanstelling
en beplanning van ’n oudit en dat die ouditaanstellingsvennoot verantwoordelik is vir
hierdie assesserings, is daar 'n gebrek aan bewyse in die ouditlêers wat hierdie
assesserings steun. Die studie se bevindings kan ouditfirmas in staat stel om leiding in
hulle ouditmetodologieë in te sluit vir assesserings van “karakter aan die hoof” en om
sodanige assesserings te dokumenteer, en dit kan die IRBA ook help om leiding en
opleiding aan ouditeurs te gee vir sulke assesserings. / Profešene ya go hlakiša e lebane le tshekatsheko ka lebaka la difeme tša tlhakišo tšeo
di amanywago le badirelwa ba ‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo’ bja go fokola, le ge
bahlakiši ba nyakega go lekola ‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo’ bja khamphani, bobedi
pele ga le nakong ya tlhakišo. Bothata bo tšwelela ge, go ka direga gore bahlakiši ba dire
tekolo ya ‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo’ yeo e sego ya maleba, ba ka amanywa le
khamphani ya go se be le maitshwaro. Gape, tekolo yeo e sego ya maleba, e ka tšweletša
kotsi ya tekolo ya setatamente se se fošagetšego sa materiale gomme, ka gona, kgopolo
ya tlhakišo yeo e sego ya maleba mo setatamenteng sa ditšhelete sa khamphani.
Mokgwa wa dinyakišišo tša temogo le moakanyetšo wa tshepetšo ya dinyakišišo di
šomišitšwe go kwešiša ka moo bahlakiši ba lekolago ‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo’ bja
khamphani. Badirišani ba tlhakišo go tšwa femeng ya bahlakiši yeo e dumeletšwego ya
JSE le bahlahlobibagolo go tšwa IRBA ba boledišitšwe. Go utollotšwe gore bahlakiši bao
ba kgathago tema ba lekotše boetapele bja maitshwaro bja khamphani, setšo sa
maitshwaro, mošomo wa taolo wa komiti ya tlhakišo le go obamela melao le melawana
ge go lekolwa ‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo’ wa khamphani mola go latelwa mekgwa
ya taolo ya boleng. Le ge bakgathatema ba amogela bobedi gore ditekolo tša ‘boikgafo
le boetapele bja taolo’ di dirwa nakong ya peakanyo ya pele le thulaganyo ya difaele tša
tlhakišo tšeo di thekgago ditekolo tše, ga se gwa ba le bohlatse ka mo difaeleng tša
tlhakišo tšeo di thekgago ditekolo tše. Dikutollo tša dinyakišišo di ka thuša difeme tša
tlhakišo go akaretša tlhahlo mo mekgweng ya bona ya tlhakišo mo go ditekolo tša
‘boikgafo le boetapele bja taolo’ le go ngwala ditekolo tšeo, gape di ka thuša gape IRBA
ka go fa tlhahli le tlhahlo go bahlakiši mo ditekolong tšeo. / Business Management / M. Phil. (Accounting Sciences)
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