Knowledge of physiological and morfological mechanisms which are related to drought tolerance is essential in breeding high-yielding and tolerant plants, which would not suffer unfavourable environmental conditions. Drought stress can lead to oxidative damage which causes serious disorders in physiological and biochemical processes in plant cells. Antioxidants can reduce those negative effects. Morphological (dry mass of shoot and roots, height of shoot, number of leaves), physiological (photosynthetic efficiency, pigment content, relative water content-RWC) and antioxidative (catalase-CAT, ascorbate peroxidase-APX, proline) parameters were evaluated in this study using two genotypes of Vicia faba L. differing in drought susceptibility. Drought resistant (Merkur) and sensitive (Piešťanský) genotypes were exposed to 10 days of drought. Activity of CAT and APX of stressed plants rather decreased. Proline content oscillated and no evident trend or significant differences were observed in relation to drought stress. Decrease in RWC was expressed more at susceptible plants, electron-transport chain activity and pigment content were not affected much by drought. Drought susceptible genotype expressed more serious negative effects of drought in morphological parameters, however this genotype was a bit bigger than...

Fascioloides magna is a trematode originating in North America. It is a significant pathogen, especially in cervids, but it can also infect ruminants kept for agricultural purposes.Adult trematodes are found in the liver tissue of their definitive hosts, where they can survive for a long period of time and produce large quantity of eggs. Those are passed through bile ducts and intestine with feces into the external environment. This thesis is focused on the morphology of individual developmental stages of F. magna. To this date only very limited number of literary resources concerning the topic had been published. Recorded results are compared with literary resources on Fasciola hepatica, a closely related trematode. The morphological characteristics of the individual developmental stages were studied by using histological, electron-miscroscopical and other methods (fluorescent labelling). The thesis also describes pathological changes of the definitive hosts' liver tissue. By means of the stated methods, the thesis expands the existing knowledge on the morphology of F. magna especially of surface structures and the distribution of the senzoric organs, some of which have been described for the very first time. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Study program: Health Care Bioanalytics Candidate: Bc. Nikola Fučíková Supervisor: doc. MUDr. Lukáš Smolej, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Prognostic significance of atypical leukemic cell morphology in chronic lymphocytic leukemia The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the prognostic significance of atypical cell morphology and smudge cells in patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We performed differential leukocytes count and classified lymphocytes as typical and atypical in a cohort of 101 patients (median age, 66 years; males, 69%, Rai III/IV stages, 18%). For atypical CLL, we used the 15% threshold and 59% of patients were classified as atypical CLL (aCLL). For smudge cells, we chose the 30% threshold and 33% of patients were classified as smudge cells positive. Patients in early clinical Rai stage (0) had significantly higher number of smudge cells (p=0.04). We didn't find a significant association between aCLL / smudge cells with modern prognostic indicators. We didn't find a relationship between aCLL and the time to first-line therapy (p=0.394). However, patients with aCLL had a significantly shorter overall survival (p=0.0397). There was a trend toward shorter...

Cyclopoids are together with Calanoids and Harpacticoids a part of the largest, very diverse group of crustaceans and the most numerous aquatic metazoans of the world. The history of their research goes as far back as to the beginning of 19th century when the first cyclopoid copepods were described. The taxonomy of cyclopoids started to develop gradually since that time, adding new and more detailed methods and morphological characters, as well as a certain degree of taxonomical confusion. In last decades, the molecular-genetic techniques of DNA sequencing have become available offering a new independent tool for taxonomists. This work contains different studies concerning the morphology, taxonomy, ecology, distribution and colonisation of cyclopoid copepods, with the use of molecular tools as a uniting element. Chapter 1 of this thesis summarizes basic knowledge about the taxonomy, morphology and biology of cyclopoid copepods and introduces the following chapters containing four studies presented as single publications. The taxonomy of copepods of the genus Cyclops is based mainly on the morphology which is sometimes ambivalent and some of the most problematic species groups are presented here. Chapter 2 presents our unique results, the first reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships among 15...

Koblasa,Vladimír - Comparison of control measurements on various types of haematology analyzers used by ÚKBLD CHLTC at University Hospital in Prague First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Praha 2, Kateřinská 32 Head of the work: prof. MUDr. Jan Kvasnička, DrSc. Supervisor -consultant: Mgr. Ivana Malíková Blood cell count is essential testing method in hematology, where it is necessary to ensure properquality control. Aim of this study was to compare the results of measurement control materials with defined parameters and the same samples at different haematological analyzers to obtain evidence for the expression of measurement uncertainties. There are used more types of blood analyzers in ÚKBLD CHLTC at University Hospital in Prague, which operate on different principles. For comparsion were selected analyzers using the impedance working principle, where individual blood cell passes between two electrodes controlled by low voltage. Variation of this voltage is recorded and accurately defined for each type of blood cells. It was also chosen analyzer that works with optical detection. Analyzer illuminates the individual blood cell by light beam. A cell that enters into the path of light rays, reduce its optical density incident on the photocell. The change of the light density...

Thesis--Faculty of Humanities, University of Jyväskylä, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [219]-237).

This diploma thesis evaluates the knowledge of plants' anatomy and morphology at primary schools. There is very important the type of textbooks used in biology education. The present work is divided into 2 parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes methods of evaluation of textbooks and educational results and also formation of didactic test, statistical methods and inquiry-based education. Because we wanted to know frequency of use of this approach in biology lessons. The practical part contains research results.

The paper describes the construction and testing of an electronic application for automatic morphological analysis of Old English. It introduces resources and methodologies at our disposal based on the state of the art in the field of electronic analysis of Old English and on an overview of Old English morphology. A detailed account of the chosen methodology is offered and a specific description of the implementation is provided: from the acquisition and preparation of the input data and choice of technology to the programming and testing of the results. The resulting recall of 95% can be seen as a success of the project, however, the paper also shows how the recall may be improved. It also discusses further use of the analyser, especially the disambiguation of its results. The paper makes a future semi-automatic morphological tagging of Old English texts a real possibility. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Research of macroinvertebrates is currently an important part of the assessment of stream quality. Basic characteristics influencing macroinvertebrates communities in the streams are elements from the external environment influencing streams, specifically basic geographic parameters of the site, land-use in the catchment and characteristics of the banks. These elements have a considerable influence on effect of the basic parameters in the stream, which are flow, sediment structure, input of organic material and pollution. Research part of the thesis is about the parameters influencing macroinvertebrates communities. Research area of this work includes three different catchments in the upper part of Blanice catchment area near Prachtice. There is one nature stream with forest in it's catchment, stream with a predominantly meadow basin and last stream is characterized by two distinct stretches - a revitalized section and a section with concrete bottom. The subject of this diploma thesis is evaluation of diversity of macroinvertebrates communities in all streams in the research area. Thesis evaluate communities of macroinvertebrate using a wide range of indexes (BMWP score, ASTP index, EPT index a diversity indexes) and compares their diversity by using rank-abundance graph. All results are summarized...

This diploma thesis proposes a modern way of teaching leaf morphology in elementary school. It includes research that builds on the bachelor thesis ,,The leaf as an organ of higher plants - creation of photographic collection of leaves". The theoretical part contains an analysis of the objectives and trends of contemporary learning and teaching methods, and also summarizes the interconnection of teaching leaf morphology with the FEP. The practical part contains an interactive learning program with elements of inquiry-based education aimed at teaching leaf morphology. The research in this paper compares the quality of students' knowledge learned by the compiled program and the students learned the traditional way.