Movie and literary tourism is a genre that has been recognized around the world for a long time but that has only recently got a grip on Sweden. More and more famous books are being cinematized and because of the success of these movies we can now walk in the traces of Wallander as well as the Millenniummovies. The focus of this study is mainly about the tourists’ motivation when it comes to this form of tourism and the purpose is to try understand what needs come in to play when a movie and literary tourism attraction is chosen. The study objects are two movie and literary walks which are based on books and movies with a fictitious storyline. The performed research was based on a multiple strategy with the qualitative method - consisting of respondent and informant interviews - in focus and the quantitative investigation - in the form of an one-page questionnaire - more as a complement. On the basis of the most fundamental theory of motivation in general (Maslow, 1970) and the tourism research’s more specific travel motivation theory (Pearce, 2005), the conditions for movie and literature as sorts of tourism have been made clear. Additionally, with the help of an additional motivation theory as well as several articles within the area of movie and literary tourism, this study has made an attempt to reach a more narrow theory for movie and literary tourism. The results from the research show that movie and literary tourism is a highly qualified tourism genre where the visitors’ needs are highly set and the motivation is primarily focused on self-development and the experience of new things. Also the possibility to exchange reality for a fictional surrounding and getting the opportunity to fantasize are highly prioritized motivation aspects. Movie and literary tourism is a big future area within the tourism industry, but before its potential can be fully understood and exploited, more research is needed. / Film- och litteraturturism är en genre som länge haft stort underlag i utlandet, men som först på senare år har fått fäste även i Sverige. Allt fler kända verk filmatiseras och blir till succéer och som en följd av detta kan vi idag vandra i så väl Wallanders som i Millenniumfilmernas spår. I denna studie ligger koncentrationen främst på turisternas motivation när det kommer till denna form av turism och syftet är att försöka förstå vilka behovsaspekter som spelar in när attraktioner baserade på film- och litteratur väljs. Fokus ligger på två film- och litteraturvandringar vilka bygger på böcker och filmer vars handlingar är rent fiktiva. Studien som utförts bygger på en flerfaldig strategi med den kvalitativa metoden – bestående av respondent och informantintervjuer - i fokus och den kvantitativa undersökningen – i form av en kortare enkät - mer som ett komplement. Utifrån den mest grundläggande teorin för motivation i allmänhet (Maslow, 1970) och turismforskningens mer specifika resemotivationsteori (Pearce, 2005) så har förutsättningarna för film och litteratur som turismart klarlagts, och med hjälp av ytterligare en motivationsteori samt flera artiklar inom området film- och litteraturturism har denna studie gjort ett försök i att nå fram till en mer avsmalnad teori kring just film- och litteraturturism. Resultatet av studien visar på att film- och litteraturturism är en högkvalificerad turismgenre där besökarnas behov är högt ställda och motivationen i första hand ligger i att utveckla sig själv och uppleva nya saker. Även möjligheten att byta ut verkligheten mot en påhittad omgivning och att få tillfälle att fantisera sig bort är högprioriterade motivationsaspekter. Film- och litteraturturism är ett stort framtida område inom turismen, men innan dess potential kan förstås och utnyttjas till fullo krävs mer forskning.

This study seeks to gain an insight into the experiences Lord of the Rings tourists have on guided tours in New Zealand and the role of the tour guide(s) in that experience. The study examines motivations, expectations, actual experience and its evaluation and the role of the tour leader and guides. By drawing primarily on the results of qualitative research that examined the experience of film tourists and other people involved in the film tourism industry over a span of three years, I identified underlying motivations involved in the production and consumption of film tourism. The study found that pre-tour images of Lord of the Rings and its publicity surrounding the making of the films play a significant role in the formation of film tourists' expectations. The emotional relationship towards the films and the novel by J.R.R. Tolkien had motivated film tourists to seek a meaningful and sincere experience. Furthermore, the film and its making as discussed on the DVDs, further publicised myths like the authenticity of the film production itself and the experience of great meaning for one's personal life. Consequently, the study found that most film tourists put a high significance on the sincerity of the relationships within the tour community and with the tour leader and guide(s). The film location visit itself was experienced as highly rewarding but was significantly enhanced by the presence of the tour community ('fellowship'), reenactments and the physical presence on site. This embodiment was crucial for the overall experience as it further authenticated the location visit but also the journey itself as a worthy and spiritual endeavour. It was shown that the New Zealand image of 'green', 'clean' and 'exotic otherness' has been reinforced by multiple media portraits and matches many aspects of the Middle-earth image. All film tourists judged the use of New Zealand for the portrayal of Middle-earth as 'authentic' even if they knew about J.R.R. Tolkien's British background. Furthermore, they judged their film tourism experience as authentic even though the locations were used in a fictional setting. Thus the notions of object authenticity was explored and replaced with the concepts of existential authenticity and sincerity to shift the focus towards the active process of negotiation of authenticity in the tourism experience. To understand tourists' behaviour and motivation, notions of 'spirituality' and 'pilgrimage' were also employed. The study tourists undertook a meaningful and spiritually significant journey that was enhanced through the experience of embodiment and community which suggested parallels between the religious pilgrim and the secular film tourist. Both are on a meaningful journey to distant places and follow scripted guidelines while also creating their own experience. Embodiment played an important role. Furthermore, film tourists sought the community of other believers and were willing to 'follow in the footsteps' of film stars and crew when choosing which film locations and eateries to visit as they sought places that had attained an 'aura'.