The explosive growth of multimedia data in online media repositories and social networks has led to the high demand of fast and accurate services for large-scale multimedia retrieval. Hashing, due to its effectiveness in coding high-dimensional data into a low-dimensional binary space, has been considered to be effective for the retrieval application. Despite the progress that has been made recently, how to learn the optimal hashing models which can make the best trade-off between the retrieval efficiency and accuracy remains to be open research issues. This thesis research aims to develop hashing models which are effective for image and video retrieval. An unsupervised hashing model called APHash is first proposed to learn hash codes for images by exploiting the distribution of data. To reduce the underlying computational complexity, a methodology that makes use of an asymmetric similarity matrix is explored and found effective. In addition, the deep learning approach to learn hash codes for images is also studied. In particular, a novel deep model called DeepQuan which tries to incorporate product quantization methods into an unsupervised deep model for the learning. Other than adopting only the quadratic loss as the optimization objective like most of the related deep models, DeepQuan optimizes the data representations and their quantization codebooks to explores the clustering structure of the underlying data manifold where the introduction of a weighted triplet loss into the learning objective is found to be effective. Furthermore, the case with some labeled data available for the learning is also considered. To alleviate the high training cost (which is especially crucial given a large-scale database), another hashing model named Similarity Preserving Deep Asymmetric Quantization (SPDAQ) is proposed for both image and video retrieval where the compact binary codes and quantization codebooks for all the items in the database can be explicitly learned in an efficient manner. All the aforementioned hashing methods proposed have been rigorously evaluated using benchmark datasets and found to outperform the related state-of-the-art methods.

Various media (text, audio, graphics, and animation) were examined in the context of a multimedia environment. These media were used to test predictions based on a model of dual-coding theory (DCT) and on an engineering design principle named visual momentum. DCT is a general cognitive information processing theory. Under DCT, external stimuli are represented in either the verbal or nonverbal symbolic systems. The verbal system is specialized to handle language or abstract information. The nonverbal system is specialized to handle more concrete information such as images, environmental sounds, and writing patterns. Visual momentum is a general design principle used to demonstrate relationships between successively viewed computer screens. This study applied visual momentum through the use of animation to explicitly demonstrate the relationships between information represented in one format to that represented in another format both within and between computer screens. Subjects were required to complete a multimedia program explaining material about total quality management. A 3 x 3 between subjects design was modeled after DCT and visual momentum. Ninety subjects were exposed to various media conditions and were subsequently tested for retention and problem solving as well as several other measures. Generally, the results do not support DCT. However, some findings do support DCT. Dual—coded groups spent less time answering retention questions while performing better than single—coded groups. However, subjects spent more time on the material in these conditions. Subjects only receiving a single medium reviewed the material more often than those subjects receiving dual media except when presented with audio. This difference between text and audio does not support DCT. Those subjects in dual-coded graphic conditions reported more referential and associative processing than those subjects receiving dual-coded animation conditions. Generally, the results support visual momentum. Visual momentum reduce the time needed to answer retention questions as will as improved test performance beyond results predicted by DCT. Visual momentum also reduce the amount of cognitive processing needed to correctly answer the retention and problem solving questions. / Ph. D.

This research compared the effectiveness of three methods of instruction for two domains of learning. A text-based instructional system (control condition) was compared to a standard computer-based multimedia system (experimental treatment 2) and to a computer-based multimedia system that simulated a mock industrial setting (experimental treatment 3). Each condition was measured for its effectiveness in teaching verbal information skills (memorization) and intellectual (problem-solving) skills. The research design used was a three-by-two, mixed factors design with Method of Instruction as the between-subjects variable and Domain of Learning as the within-subjects variable. It was hypothesized that the multimedia treatment conditions would result in greater original learning among subjects than the control condition. It was further hypothesized that there would be an interaction between Method of Instruction and Domain of Learning, and also that the multimedia simulation condition would result in greater original learning among subjects than the standard multimedia condition. Thirty subjects of similar knowledge, skills, and abilities were selected to participate in the study. An experimental post-test was administered to subjects to measure their degree of original learning. The scores were recorded and an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was performed. This analysis showed a significant difference in the effectiveness of Method of Instruction on subjects’ original learning, but no significant effects were found with the main effect of Domain of Learning or the interaction of Method of Instruction with Domain of Learning. A Newman-Keuls post-hoc test was performed to determine the locus of the main effect of Method of Instruction. This test showed that only the standard multimedia system (experimental treatment 2) resulted in significantly better original learning than the control condition. The effect of the multimedia simulation system (experimental treatment 3) was not shown to be statistically significant. / Master of Science

With multimedia communication growing in popularity, it has become important to develop techniques that will allow a multimedia application to access multimedia files from local as well as remote sites. This thesis describes the methodology used in the design of the Network Multimedia File System (NMFS) protocol. The protocol provides “transparent access to shared files across networks” much like Sun’s Network File System (NFS) protocol. However, NMFS differs from NFS in that it provides a connection-oriented service that allows the user to specify quality of service (QOS) parameters and reserve resources to achieve the desired QOS. NMFS is an application layer protocol and is intended to work with existing multimedia applications, unaltered, on multiple platforms. NMFS will provide real-time delivery of multimedia data over networks both designed and not designed to carry multimedia traffic. A unique feature of this protocol is that it uses an anticipated delivery schedule (ADS) to guide prefetch of portions of files that are likely to be requested in the future. This prefetched data is stored in a local buffer which reduces the need to transfer the data over the variable latency network when the application actually requests it. Thus NMFS provides most unaltered application programs with almost constant latency accesses over a network with variable latency. / Master of Science

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by Chau Wan-yung William, Wong Kwok-wai Steven. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [34-35]). / EXECUTIVE SUMMARY --- p.ii / LIST OF STATISTICAL CHARTS --- p.iv / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.v / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Definitions --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3 --- Characteristics --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives --- p.5 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.7 / Chapter 2.1 --- Statement of Problem --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2 --- Exploratory Pilot Study --- p.7 / Chapter 2.3 --- Mail Questionnaire Survey --- p.9 / Chapter 2.4 --- Statistical Analysis --- p.11 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- INTERVIEW FINDINGS --- p.12 / Chapter 3.1 --- Echo Presentation Services Limited --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2 --- Cathay Pacific Airways Limited --- p.14 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- DATA ANALYSIS & FINDINGS --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1 --- Sample Characteristics --- p.16 / Chapter 4.2 --- Current Development of Multimedia --- p.18 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Future of Multimedia --- p.22 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- DISCUSSIONS - LIMITATIONS & INTERPRETATIONS --- p.27 / Chapter 5.1 --- Limitations --- p.27 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Sampling Design --- p.27 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Statistical Support --- p.28 / Chapter 5.2 --- Interpretations --- p.28 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.32 / BIBLIOGRAPHY / APPENDIX I: QUESTIONNAIRE SAMPLE / APPENDIX II: STATISTICAL CHARTS

Research in educational psychology has focused on facilitating learning by using two presentation modalities (auditory and visual) to convey information. Learning is theorized to improve through an increase in perceptual information flow. I hypothesized that presenting information in two modalities might also provide additional benefits that occur after information is perceived, and while it is being processed for learning. The present study explored whether perceptual effects and cognitive effects of multimedia presentation can be separated by presenting auditory and visual information sequentially or simultaneously. During simultaneous presentation, the typical multimedia effect (that is, facilitating learning by presenting information in two modalities) did not occur, suggesting that the multimedia effect might depend upon more than perceptual effects. Moreover, the manipulation showed significant effects of presentation type during sequential presentation, suggesting that effects previously thought to be a result of reducing perceptual overlap might actually occur after perception. Based on the results of this study, I recommend that information designers reconsider the sources assumed to influence the multimedia learning effect. This would have implications for determining the optimal presentation of information.

by Kong Hiu-Shun, Wu Hui-Yu. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-126). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.vii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.viii / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.ix / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- WHAT IS INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA? --- p.5 / Definition of Interactive Multimedia --- p.5 / Five Components of Interactive Multimedia --- p.6 / Importance of Interactive Multimedia --- p.7 / Chapter III. --- KEY APPLICATIONS OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA --- p.9 / Business --- p.9 / Education and Training --- p.12 / Education --- p.12 / Training --- p.15 / Communication --- p.18 / Entertainment --- p.20 / Chapter IV. --- IMPACT OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA --- p.21 / Chapter V. --- INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA SERVICES IN HONG KONG --- p.26 / Hongkong Telecom and Its Interactive Multimedia Services (IMS) --- p.26 / Legal Environment of Telecommunications in Related to IMS Development --- p.28 / Analysis of Industry Environment --- p.31 / Competitors and Substitutes --- p.31 / Suppliers --- p.33 / New Entrants --- p.34 / Customers --- p.34 / Assessment of Opportunities and Threats --- p.36 / Opportunities --- p.36 / Threats --- p.36 / Chapter VI. --- MARKETING PLAN OF HONGKONG TELECOM IMS --- p.38 / Target Customer --- p.38 / Marketing Mix of IMS --- p.39 / Product --- p.39 / Place --- p.42 / Price --- p.44 / Promotion --- p.45 / Assessment of Strengths and Weaknesses --- p.47 / Strengths --- p.47 / Weaknesses --- p.50 / Chapter VII. --- MARKET RESEARCH ON IMS --- p.51 / Purpose of Survey --- p.51 / Research Objectives --- p.51 / Research Methodology --- p.52 / Analytical Techniques --- p.53 / Data Analysis and Finding --- p.58 / Demographic Information --- p.58 / Current and Past Experience --- p.60 / "Awareness of Interactive Multimedia Service, VOD and Home Shopping" --- p.63 / Perception on the Importance of Factors in Considering the Subscription of VOD --- p.65 / Perception on the Importance of Factors in Considering the Use of Home Shopping Services --- p.66 / Willingness of Purchasing Products through Home Shopping Service --- p.67 / Willingness of Subscription of VOD at Different Monthly Charge --- p.69 / Willingness of Subscription of VOD at Different Charge Per Movie --- p.71 / Willingness of Subscription of Home Shopping Services at Different Product Prices --- p.76 / Willingness of Subscription of IMS --- p.79 / Chapter VIII. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.83 / Awareness of the Services --- p.83 / Target Customer --- p.84 / Recommended Marketing Mix --- p.85 / Product --- p.86 / Price --- p.88 / Place --- p.89 / Promotion --- p.89 / Chapter IX. --- CONCLUSION --- p.91 / APPENDIX --- p.93 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.124

For my creative thesis project I authored an interactive tour of the Ball State Department of Art. Many underlying factors go into this project. My desire to learn multimedia design, the departments desire to develop a new information tool and having the necessary hardware and software to do such a project were all key to its sucess.In the summer of 1994 I came to Ball State to learn multimedia authoring while getting a master's degree in art. Unknown to me at that time, the department had set a goal of increasing visibility both within and beyond the Ball State community. Faculty members Professor Phil Repp and Professor Christine Paul were collaborating on a promotional identity campaign. From these collaborations grew the idea of a departmental publication to promote the mission and programs of the Department of Art. With the rapid advancement of technology, it seemed appropriate to use computers as part of this promotional campaign.As Professors Paul and Repp researched the possible ways in which computers could be incorporated into this project, many questions remained. Exactly what form should a project like this take and who could do it? Careful discussion and planning also followed over what physical form the project should take (i.e. video tape, a computer disk, or printed material). Eventually the decision was made that an interactive tour of the Department of Art on CD-ROM was the most appropriate solution. For the amount of information that needed to be included and to engage the end user in a dynamic, interactive way, this medium was also the most logical.My decision to return to school coincides perfectly with the departments needs. Professor Paul’s and Professor Repp’s collaboration led to the conclusion that a third person would be needed. Someone who was already literate in advanced computer graphics and had the desire for such an undertaking. Therefore, my goals of advancing my understanding of Macintosh based digital imagery learning multimedia are significant on two levels; my career as a teacher and a professional artist would realize significant gains and this project is an outstanding addition to my portfolio.For the past several years, the primary area of artistic study for me has been in the area of computer graphics and I came to Ball State last summer with some very specific goals. One of them being to learn Macromedia Director (the authoring package I used to create the project). Director is nationally recognized by professionals in this field as the top program for this type of work. Therefore, this was both an opportunity to reach personal goals and to create a thesis project that could be used as an important part of the Department of Arts identity campaign. My thesis project is the result of my own goals and the Department of Arts goals to utilize cutting edge technology for designing innovative computer programs.I’m sure at the onset of this project that I did not understand the full magnitude of an undertaking such as this. However, it is very rewarding to look back and see both how far I’ve come personally and how the piece has progressed into a dynamic information tool. / Department of Art