The study explores the implications of new forms of zoning in India. In particular, emerging development projects in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region serve as cases and instances of broader rezoning processes throughout the region. One is the Dharavi Redevelopment Project, a slum redevelopment project in central Mumbai on Dharavi, the largest slum in Asia; the other is the Mumbai Special Economic Zone, a private economic enclave spanning an area of 10,000 hectares (100 sq km) on agricultural land in the northern Raigad district of Maharashtra. Despite being unique and spatially-circumscribed projects, I argue that together they constitute a critical departure from historic urban regulatory norms and planning imperatives in Mumbai. The projects involve large-scale urban rezoning processes that are led by the privatization and deregulation of the land supply, the production of ?spatial surplus," and the transformation of social classes. This argument is derived from exploratory research in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region that involved open-ended interviews and analyses of urban and regional policies. Although these projects and processes are only emerging, the evidence suggests that these new forms of zoning will exacerbate spatial inequality and uneven development across the region.

Thesis: M.S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture, 1981 / Bibliography: p. 68. / by Mayank Shah. / M.S. / M.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Architecture

Two things struck me during my time in Dharavi. The first was the bad public health and the second the ingenuity and entrepreneurial spirit of the people who lived there. The health issues, a result of inadequate sanitation, can be directly linked to the shortage of toilets. For every toilet there are a thousand users and because of this over a quarter of the people in Dharavi choose instead to publicly defecate. On the other side of the coin however, stands Dharavi’s remarkable recycling industry and in Dharavi alone 80% of Mumbai’s plastic waste is recycled and given new use. The concept revolves around recyclability and combining industry with sanitation; recycling the produced waste and generating income. If there’s a way to profit from human waste it is likely that people would go to certain lengths to collect the necessary material. By removing the waste and converting it to humanure, positive side effect would include cleaner streets and in general a healthier population. The idea is therefore to build a waste management facility where income is generated through the collected waste and used to improve the surrounding community. In this proposed space you can go to the toilet, throw away your trash and food waste and even use the functions provided to do chores or simply relax. The food and human waste from toilets could be used as fertilizer and sold for a profit or perhaps even used as fuel. The garbage could be collected and sorted on spot and then sold onwards for further refinement.

No description available.

This research thesis examines the emerging trends in urban social patterns in Navi Mumbai, India. Unlike the other planned cities of India, Navi Mumbai was specifically built as a planned decentralization of a large metropolitan city. The research focuses on explaining the urban social pattern of this particular case study. An urban social pattern reflects the social characteristics of the urban setting. In the case of Navi Mumbai, the government had a social agenda of promoting a social pattern based on socioeconomic distribution rather than an ethnic one. Analysis of the data provides an insight to the results of this social agenda, and provides a basis to frame new ones. Thus, the study not only addresses a basic research question, but also has policy implications. The research involves a comprehensive review of secondary source material to establish the theoretical framework for the research. The review also involves an extensive inspection of urban social patterns across the world to better contextualize this particular case study. The research puts forth a model that explains the social pattern of Navi Mumbai by social area analysis using variables, which are drawn from social aspects of any city and indigenous factors of Indian settlements. The model depends not only on statistical analysis but also on interpretation of local conditions. This research situates the emerging social pattern in geographic literature in developing countries. This research was supported in part, by a grant from the College of Architecture and Urban Studies, Virginia Tech. / Master of Urban and Regional Planning

No description available.

The project was about empowering young women in Dharavi. The building is a school of Home science.

Tableau d’honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdoctorales, 2010-2011 / Depuis une dizaine d'années, les orientations de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) en santé mentale donnent priorité, mondialement, au développement de programmes de sensibilisation. En Inde, dans un contexte où l'engagement de l'État en santé mentale est, au mieux, ponctuel, certaines organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) occupent un rôle considérable dans la production d'un savoir public sur le sujet. À l'aide de données, collectées et analysées de façon qualitative, la perspective anthropologique élaborée dans ce mémoire vise à la fois à poser un regard critique sur les relations de pouvoir entre les acteurs qui influencent les savoirs produits par des intervenants d'ONG de Mumbai, et à explorer les processus dynamiques d'appropriation des savoirs biomédicaux, des pratiques et des modèles de sensibilisation «dominants» à l'échelle internationale. Cette appropriation s'avère sélective et hétérogène, bien que limitée, et se traduit par le rejet de savoirs locaux non-biomédicaux comme par la valorisation de structures sociales et familiales considérées «traditionnelles».

Cette thèse étudie le processus historique de mégapolisation de São Paulo au Brésil et Mumbai (ex-Bombay) en Inde depuis l’accélération urbaine mondiale dans les années 1950 jusqu’ à nos jours. L’objectif est de dégager les mécanismes de la mégapolisation à travers l’examen de ces deux métropoles du Sud. Chacune est donc analysée à travers trois facteurs stratégiques interreliés qui déclenchent et soutiennent leur développement, à savoir le contexte politique, économique et urbain. En tant que villes globales elles deviennent un enjeu pour leurs nations, et plus généralement pour les pays en développement, Elles soutiennent l’émergence de ces pays ainsi qu’un autre modèle de développement. Les examiner revêt donc un caractère stratégique. A l’heure de la métropolisation de nos systèmes urbains, cette analyse prend une dimension toute particulière. En effet, bien que le contexte notamment politique et de développement, de São Paulo et Mumbai diverge des autres grandes villes à vocation mondiale de l’hémisphère Nord, leurs exemples apportent un éclairage instructif sur les écueils et les réponses mis en oeuvre pour améliorer cette voie urbaine de développement. / This thesis has been exploring the historical process of megapolization (overdevelopment) of São Paulo in Brazil and Mumbai (ex-Bombay) in India since the world urban acceleration in the 1950s until today. The objective is to identify the mechanisms of megapolization through the examination of these two Southern cities. Each one is analyzed through three interrelated strategic factors: the political, economic and urban context that trigger and sustain their development. Global cities are strategic places for their nations and more generally for the developing countries. They support the emergence of these territories territories and an other development path. Considering them is therefore a strategic issue. At the time of the cities metropolization, this analysis takes on a particular dimension. Although, the São Paulo and Mumbai context and development diverge from other world cities in the northern hemisphere, their example sheds light on the pitfalls and answers to improve this urban development.

Stigma and discrimination are now recognised as major factors in the spread of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). To date, research has focused on how to change individual responses to stigma and discrimination without exploring the social and structural dimensions. Complex community and societal dimensions, such as culture, power and difference need to be explored if progress is to be made in coping with stigma and discrimination. India now has HIV/AIDS prevalence figures to rival sub Saharan Africa. The disease has spread from high-risk populations such as intravenous drug users and commercial sex workers into the general population. Married, monogamous, heterosexual women in slum communities are highly vulnerable. Factors such as caste, class, ethnic group, poverty and social expectations present formidable layers of stigma for these women. They have also faced discrimination since before their birth. HIV/AIDS imposes yet another layer of stigma and discrimination upon their shoulders. The aims of the study were firstly to investigate whether stigma and discrimination existed for these women by documenting and analysing literature on the individual, societal and cultural situation of Indian women living with HIV/AIDS (IWLWHAs). Secondly, the study aimed to identify, evaluate and explore the psychosocial needs and coping strategies of IWLWHAs, to determine the barriers to accessing health services, and describe community perceptions as they were experienced by the participants. / This qualitative research study examined the multiple layers of stigma and discrimination experienced by women infected and affected by HIV/AIDS in a low socio-economic area of Mumbai, India. This was achieved by interviewing women who were benefiting from a home-based service - Positive Living - An integrated home-based care programme for people living with HIV/AIDS under the auspices of the KJ Somaiya Hospital in Mumbai. This programme provides a nutrition and home-based service to the nearby community slums. The conceptual framework used for this study was developed to evaluate the effects of natural disasters such as tsunamis, floods and earthquakes. HIV/AIDS is no less of a tragedy for individuals, families and communities. Within this framework, human capacity or the ability of individuals to cope is linked to social ecology - the relationship between individuals and their community. This dimension overlaps with culture and values. Three other dimensions affect humans - economic status, the environment and living conditions, and physical health. I have developed this framework further to examine threats and strengths which arise from these dimensions, and which affect human resilience. An exploratory case study was considered the most suitable approach to explore these areas, as it permits more sensitivity and richer data, and enhances rigour. In-depth interviews of 45 women in three different age groups, home visits and observations, focus group discussion, key informants, narratives, vignettes and photographs were supported by documentary data collection in triangulation of the data. A reflective journal recorded observations and perceptions in the field during three months in India. / Results from the combined data indicated that IWLWHAs experienced discrimination in their families, communities and health care settings. Fear of future discrimination ensured secrecy which, in turn, prevented them accessing community services which would provide emotional and physical support. A range of reactions was demonstrated by the affected women, half of whom were also infected which added to their burden. Women who could not disclose their condition were extremely isolated, lacked family and community support, feared the future and felt hopeless. Despite their appalling living conditions of poverty, overcrowding, prevalence of disease and pollution, the women displayed a sense of pride, dignity and resilience. Culturally appropriate strategies are necessary to address the lack of education and awareness as only two of the 45 women had any knowledge of HIV/AIDS before their own diagnosis which often followed their husbands' positive status. In addition, the social and cultural dimensions which affect these women have to be explored and examined in order to strengthen the 'shock absorbers' of the family. The community health workers and co-ordinator of the home-based service were vital in providing emotional support and health information to the women. Finally, no change is possible unless men take responsibility for their sexual mores. Policy makers and programmes have to look further for strategies which would engage men in the process to change their attitudes and thus protect vulnerable women and children.