Spelling suggestions: "subject:"myelin basis protein""
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T-cell signaling in response to altered myelin basic protein peptides /Beaudoin, Danelle Rae. January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 131-148).
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Untersuchung der oligodendroglialen Membranstruktur in einem Zellkulturmodell / Analysis of the oligodendroglial membrane structure in a cell culture modelFitzner, Dirk 29 January 2013 (has links)
No description available.
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Molecular mechanisms of lipid-rich myelin membrane sheet formationAggarwal, Shweta 23 October 2012 (has links)
Myelin ist eine Membran von entscheidender Bedeutung. In Nervensystem von Wirbeltieren isoliert es die Axone und fördert so die schnelle Weiterleitung von Nervenimpulsen. Um als Isolator zu wirken, muss sich Myelin zu einer stabilen, Lipid-reichen Struktur zusammenlagern. Während die biochemische Zusammensetzung von Myelin gut beschrieben ist, sind Mechanismen, welche diese einzigartige Zusammensetzung regulieren, schlecht verstanden. In dieser Arbeit zeigen wir, dass Oligodendrozyten eine Art molekulares Sieb verwenden, um Membranproteine aus kompakten Myelin-Domain herrauszufiltern. Das Myelin Basische Protein (MBP) bildet eine Größen-abhängige Barriere und kontrolliert den Zugang von Proteinen in das kompakten Myelin, basierend auf der Größe ihrer zytoplasmatischen Domänen. Nur Proteine mit einer cytosolischen Domäne von weniger als 30 Aminosäuren können diese die Permeabilitätsbarriere überwinden. Im Hinblick auf den zugrundeliegenden Mechanismus zeigen wir, dass MBP nach Bindung an die innere Membran der Myelin-Doppelschicht mit sich selbst assoziiert und eine Phasentrennung auftritt. Diese Selbstorganisation erfordert hydrophobe Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Phenylalanin-Reste von MBP. Ein Ersetzen der Phenylalanin-Reste durch Serine hemmt die Selbst-Assoziation der MBP-Moleküle, ohne jedoch die Membranbindung zu beeinflussen. Wir zeigen weiter, dass die Selbst-Assoziation der MBP-Moleküle während der Entwicklung für die Verdrängung von sperrigen Proteinen aus den kompakten Myelin-Membranen benötigt wird. Dieses System könnte sich in Oligodendrozyten entwickelt haben, um eine anisotrope Membran-Organisation zu bilden, welche den Aufbau der der isolierenden, lipidreichen Membranen ermöglicht.
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Unraveling psychiatric sub-phenotypes: The price of the reduction of myelin basic proteinPoggi, Giulia 08 January 2016 (has links)
No description available.
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Investigations of Myelin Basic Protein, SH3 Proteins and the Oligodendrocyte Cytoskeleton during Maturation and DevelopmentSmith, Graham 29 August 2012 (has links)
The myelin basic protein (MBP) family arises from different transcription start sites of the Golli (gene of oligodendrocyte lineage) gene, with further variety generated by differential splicing. The “classic” MBP isoforms are peripheral membrane proteins that facilitate compaction of the mature myelin sheath, but also have multiple protein interactions. As an intrinsically disordered protein, MBP has proven to have complex structural and functional relationships with proteins in vitro including actin, tubulin, Ca2+-calmodulin, and multiple protein kinases. The investigations reported in this thesis were to further examine the multifunctionality, and protein:protein interactions of MBP with cytoskeletal and SRC homology 3 domain (SH3) proteins in cells using an oligodendrocyte (OLG) model system to better understand MBP’s contributions to membrane structure, formation, and elaboration in the developing OLG. A new function of MBP has been described showing that classic MBPs can modulate voltage operated calcium channels (VOCCs) by direct or indirect protein-protein interactions at the OLG cytoplasmic leaflet. These interactions contribute to global calcium homeostasis, and may play a complex developmental and spatiotemporal role in the regulation of oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) migration and OLG differentiation. The importance of MBPs SH3 ligand binding domain within its central amino acid region was investigated with the protein-tyrosine kinase Fyn. Co-expression of MBP with a constitutively-active form of Fyn in OLGs resulted in membrane process elaboration, a phenomenon that was abolished by amino acid substitutions within MBP’s SH3-ligand domain. These results suggest that MBP’s SH3-ligand domain plays a key role, and may be required for proper membrane elaboration of developing OLGs. Lastly, interactions of MBP with the OLG cytoskeleton were investigated in OLGs transfected with fluorescently-tagged MBP, actin, tubulin, and zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1). MBP redistributes to distinct ‘membrane-ruffled’ regions of the plasma membrane where it had increased co-localization with actin and tubulin, and with the SH3-domain-containing proteins cortactin and ZO-1, when stimulated with PMA, a potent activator of the protein kinase C pathway. The results presented here advance our understanding regarding protein:protein interactions of MBP, and its multifunctionality in OLGs with regards to membrane formation and elaboration. / This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP #86483, J.M.B. and G.H.), and Discovery Grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, G.H., RG121541). G.S.T.S. was a recipient of a Doctoral Studentship from the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada
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Investigation of myelin maintenance and turnover by inducible MBP knock-out in adult miceMeschkat, Martin 11 June 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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Protein Profiling Analysis of Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Brain TissueAzzam, Sausan 12 April 2011 (has links)
No description available.
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The molecular mechanisms of myelin disassemblyWeil, Marie-Theres 28 April 2016 (has links)
No description available.
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Association between Immunological Reactivity with Tetrabromobisphenol-A and Autoimmune Target Sites of the Nervous SystemKharrazian, Datis 01 January 2018 (has links)
Tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) is the most widely used flame retardant. Flame retardants are sprayed on furniture, mattress beds, children’s pajamas, car seats, upholstery, carpets, and rugs in the United States. Chemical immune reactivity may play a role in the epidemic of autoimmune disease. The goal of this research is to investigate whether any correlation exists between immunological reactivity to TBBPA, a key chemical used in most flame retardants, and neurological autoimmune target sites that are associated with neurological autoimmune diseases with a diverse and specific list of antibodies that include myelin basic protein, myelin-associated glycoprotein, alpha-synuclein, aquaporin receptors, and S100B antibodies with human serum samples. The outcomes of this research can be used to support the development of safety regulations and for identifying potential health concerns for current mandatory flame-retardant legislation. Additionally, this research may support the decisions made in respect of those suffering from neurological autoimmune diseases, as to whether removing flame retardant chemicals is a factor for consideration.
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Direkter ex vivo Nachweis Myelin Bacis Protein (MBP)-spezifischer T-Helferzellen bei Multiple Sklerose PatientenHolzknecht, Barbara Juliane 14 July 2003 (has links)
In der Pathogenese der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) wird autoantigenspezifischen proinflammatorischen T-Helferzellen eine entscheidende Rolle zugeschrieben. Das am meisten untersuchte Autoantigen ist das Myelin Basic Protein (MBP). Bisher waren zum Nachweis autoantigenspezifischer T-Zellen deren Kultur über Tage bis Monate unumgänglich. In dieser Arbeit wurden Methoden zum direkten ex vivo-Nachweis autoreaktiver T-Helferzellen etabliert, die die reaktive Sekretion der proinflammatorischen Zytokine Interferon gamma und Tumor Nekrose Faktor alpha nach sechsstündiger Stimulation nachweisen. Die durchflusszytometrische Analyse antigenreaktiver Zytokinexpression in fixierten Zellen wies eine Sensitivität von 1/10.000 in mononukleären Zellen des peripheren Blutes (PBMC) auf. Es konnten damit bei 34 untersuchten MS-Patienten und 25 gesunden Kontrollpersonen keine MBP-reaktiven T-Helferzellen detektiert werden, während sich die Reaktion auf die beiden Kontrollantigene Tetanus Toxoid und Cytomegalie Virus-Antigen in den beiden Gruppen nicht relevant unterschied. Deshalb wurde in einer anderen Methode reaktiv sezerniertes Zytokin extrazellulär auf lebenden Zellen gebunden und durch einen anschließenden magnetischen Anreicherungsschritt die Sensitivität auf 2/100.000 erhöht. Bei einem von acht MS-Patienten wurde so eine Population MBP-spezifischer Zellen mit einer Ausgangsfrequenz von 2,15/100.000 nachgewiesen. Im Liquor von drei MS-Patienten ließen sich keine MBP-reaktiven proinflammatorischen T-Helferzellen detektieren. Diese Ergebnisse implizieren, dass die Frequenz MBP-spezifischer T-Helferzellen im peripheren Blut und im Liquor der meisten MS-Patienten und Kontrollpersonen geringer ist als die Sensitivität der etablierten Methoden, diese Zellen jedoch bei einigen Patienten in höheren Frequenzen nachgewiesen werden können. / Autoantigen-specific proinflammatory T-helper cells are assumed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The most extensively studied autoantigen is Myelin Basic Protein (MBP). To detect autoantigen-specific T-cells, so far these had to be cultured for several days or months. In this work methods for the direct ex vivo detection of autoreactive T-helper cells have been established by detecting the reactive secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines Interferon gamma and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha after six hour stimulation. The flow cytometric analysis of antigen-reactive cytokine expression in fixed cells showed a sensitivity of 1/10.000 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). With this method there could not be detected any MBP-reactive T-helper cells in 34 MS-patients and 25 healthy controls, whereas the reaction after stimulation with the two control antigens Tetanus Toxoid and Cytomegalovirus antigen did not differ relevantly between the two groups. Therefore in another method the reactively secreted cytokine was bound on the surface of living cells and the sensitivity was then increased to 2/100.000 by following magnetic enrichment. With that, there could be detected a population of MBP-specific cells in one of eight MS-patients with a frequency of 2,15/100.000 in PBMC. There could not be found any MBP-reactive proinflammatory T-helper cells in the cerebrospinal fluid of three MS-patients. Our results suggest that the frequency of MBP-specific T-helper cells in peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid is below the employed methods' detection limit in most MS-patients, but seldom these cells can be detected in higher frequencies.
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