The continuing scaling down in size of microelectronics devices has motivated the development of molecular electronic devices, often called moletronics, which use molecules to function as electronic devices. One of the moletronics is the programmable molecular array. In this device, disordered arrays of metallic islands are interlinked by molecules. It is addressed by a small number of input/output leads located on the periphery of the device. In this dissertation, a thorough investigation of the programmable molecular array is performed. First, theoretical calculations for single molecules are carried out. The effect of bias voltage on the electron transmission through the molecule is reported. Next, electrical measurements are conducted on programmable molecular arrays. Negative differential resistance and memory phenomena are found. The electrical characteristics of the programmable molecular array populated with different molecules indicate that the metallic islands contribute to the above phenomena. The electrical conductance through the metallic islands is investigated, and conformational change of the metallic islands under bias is reported. Furthermore, a scenario is proposed to use molecular vibronics and electrostatic potential to transport and process signals inside the programmable molecular array. Simulated results are presented.

The effect of electromagnetically induced transparency is observed, using nanocelland microcell. The EIT-resonance with good parameters (high contrast and small FWHM) is obtained in thick cells. The EIT-resonance splitting in magnetic field is observed for the cases of D1-line of 85Rb and 85Rb. The theoretical model, explaining the EIT-resonance components frequency shift dependence on magnetic field strength is presented. The theoretical and experimental results are compared and good agreement is shown. Also the EIT-resonance behavior in hyperfine Paschen-Back regime is presented and explained. For the first time the N-type resonance in microcell is observed. Good parameters of theN-type resonance in microcell are obtained. It allows us to observe the N-type resonance behavior in magnetic field. The N-resonance splitting in magnetic field is observed for the cases of 85Rb and 85Rb. The theoretical calculations of the N-resonance components frequency shift dependence on magnetic field is presented. The theoretical and experimental results are compared and good agreement is shown. Also the N-resonance behavior in hyperfine Paschen-Back regime is presented and explained. Simultaneous observation of N- and EIT-resonance is shown. Comparison of EIT- and N-resonance is made

L’effet de la transparence induite électromagnétiquement est observée à l’aidede cellules nanométriques et de cellules micrométriques. La résonance EIT avec de bons paramètres (fort contraste et faible largeur du signal à mi-hauteur) est obtenue dans des cellules étroites. L' éclatement de la résonance EIT dans un champ magnétique est observé pour les raies D1 du 85Rb et 87Rb. Nous présentons un modèle théorique qui explique la dépendance du déplacement en fréquence des composantes de la résonance EIT en fonction de l’intensité du champ magnétique. Les résultats théoriques et expérimentaux sont comparés et démontrent un bon accord.Pour la première fois une résonance de type N est obtenue dans une micro-cellule. Nous obtenons de bons paramètres (fort contraste et faible largeur du signal à mi-hauteur) dela résonance N à l’aide d’une micro-cellule. Cela nous permet d’observer le comportement d’une résonance N dans un champ magnétique. L’éclatement de la résonance N dans unchamp magnétique est observé pour les raies D1 du 85Rb et 87Rb. Nous présentons les calculs théoriques qui expliquent la dépendance du déplacement en fréquence des composantes dela résonance N en fonction de l’intensité du champ magnétique. Les résultats théoriques et expérimentaux sont comparés et démontrent un bon accord. Le comportement de la résonance N en régime hyperfin Paschen-Back est présenté et expliqué. Enfin une comparaison des résonances EIT et N est faite / The effect of electromagnetically induced transparency is observed, using nanocelland microcell. The EIT-resonance with good parameters (high contrast and small FWHM) is obtained in thick cells. The EIT-resonance splitting in magnetic field is observed for the cases of D1-line of 85Rb and 85Rb. The theoretical model, explaining the EIT-resonance components frequency shift dependence on magnetic field strength is presented. The theoretical and experimental results are compared and good agreement is shown. Also the EIT-resonance behavior in hyperfine Paschen-Back regime is presented and explained. For the first time the N-type resonance in microcell is observed. Good parameters of theN-type resonance in microcell are obtained. It allows us to observe the N-type resonance behavior in magnetic field. The N-resonance splitting in magnetic field is observed for the cases of 85Rb and 85Rb. The theoretical calculations of the N-resonance components frequency shift dependence on magnetic field is presented. The theoretical and experimental results are compared and good agreement is shown. Also the N-resonance behavior in hyperfine Paschen-Back regime is presented and explained. Simultaneous observation of N- and EIT-resonance is shown. Comparison of EIT- and N-resonance is made