Introduction: The nasal septum, a component of the chondrocranium, acts as a growth center that may have a morphogenetic influence on adjacent intramembranous-derived structures of the nasofacial complex. Recent evidence has demonstrated that morphological variation in the nasofacial complex is potentially due to early developmental variation in chondrocranial-derived nasal structures. There are likely both local and systemic factors that affect inter-population nasal variation. If the morphology of the nasal complex is driven, at least in part, by the morphogenetic effects of cartilage during ontogeny, then selection for altered nasal morphology under different climatic conditions is potentially achieved via developmental changes in chondrocranial-derived structures. This suggests that genes influencing the development of cartilage-derived structures may be the targets of climate-mediated selection. The purpose of this study is to further examine the potential influence of variation in chondrocranial-derived structures on gross nasal morphology by utilizing a candidate gene approach to assess phenotype/genotype associations in the nasal complex. Materials and methods: Using cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT), we collected a series of k=44 landmarks representing different cartilaginous and osseous nasal components from an adult sample (n = 120). A group of 69 loci from 22 genes were selected that have been previously found to have an association to cartilage development or variation in the nasal complex in humans and animal models. Centroid size of coordinate landmark configurations were used to quantify nasal complex size. A principle components analysis was used to quantify nasal complex shape. Phenotypes were characterized using the symmetric component of variation. Subjects were categorized by genotype for each SNP (i.e., AA, AB, BB) analyzed, and significant differences in PC scores were tested using ANOVA. Results: There were no significant associations between nasal complex size and genotype for any of the SNPs analyzed. Phenotype/genotype relationships were assessed for the first four PCs, which accounted for 47.89% of the total variation in the sample. Significant associations between individual PC scores and genotypes were found. Conclusion: Our results indicate that nasal complex variation is associated with a number of genes that have been previously linked to skeletal tissue development and facial morphogenesis.

No description available.

No description available.

In recent years, the nasal route has received a great deal of attention as convenient and reliable method of systemic administration of drugs, due to its benefits of reduced pain, precise drug delivery and eliminated risk of intravenous needles. The pharmaceutical industries are facing a competitive challenge introducing novel devices for the nasal drug delivery, which is better than commercially available, unit dose and squeeze bottle sprayers. The purpose of this study is to develop such a device for the nasal drug delivery that would satisfy the needs of the patients, physicians and pharmacist. An electronically controlled multi-dose nasal drug delivery device is developed as a result of the study. The parts of the device are designed to satisfy customer needs. The developed parts are redesigned for manufacture and assembly, considering the DFMA principles. The conceptual design was tested for its functionality by developing working prototypes of using rapid prototyping techniques. Suitable materials and manufacturing processes for parts of the device are determined, and the manufacturing and assembly cost of the device is estimated to justify affordability.

Title page, table of contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / Rhinosinusitis is a common condition that is chronic in up to 18% of the general population. If intensive medical treatment fails, then surgery may be required. Currently the accepted form of surgery is endoscopic sinus surgery. This technique involves opening the natural ostia of the sinuses to restore aeration and mucociliary drainage. The most frequent complication of this surgery is the development of postoperative adhesions. Their formation represents a failure of the healing process. To prevent the formation of adhesions, nasal packing is often used. To date the effect of nasal packing on the healing process has not been studied with rigorous scientific control. The sheep has been chosen as the most suitable animal model to investigate the healing process. The sheep is suitable in terms of size, histology, physiology, and pathology. The sheep's nasal cavity is also suitable for nasal endoscopy and surgery. Research conducted previously in the sheep model has demonstrated that unpacked full-thickness wounds take longer than three months to heal. The research in this thesis sought to determine if the use of different packing materials influenced healing. This thesis has compared the healing process that follows the use of three different nasal packing materials. These are a polyvinyl acetate based pack, a hyaluronic acid-based pack, and the hyaluronic acid-based pack with Insulin-like growth factor-I incorporated into it. Assessment was made using light microscopy, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that the use of a polyvinyl acetate sponge a dissolvable hyaluronic acid based pack confers no significant benefit to the healing process when compared to controls. However, the incorporation of insulin-like growth factor-I into the hyaluronic acid based pack resulted in a statistically significant (p<O,05) improvement in re-epithelialisation at day 28 (89% for Insulin-like growth factor-I versus 44% for controls). Attempts to assess the effect of this pack on the rate of adhesion formation was unsuccessful due to the inability to produce a replicable animal model of adhesion formation. It is concluded that the use of Insulin-like growth factor-I in the hyaluronic acid based packs confers an important benefit to the healing process after full-thickness injury. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1218836 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Medical School, 2005

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Thesis--University of Nymegen. / Includes reprints of author's articles. T. p. and vita in Dutch. Vita. Includes bibliographies.

Thesis--University of Nymegen. / Includes reprints of author's articles. T. p. and vita in Dutch. Vita. Includes bibliographies.

Thesis--University of Stellenbosch. / Bibliography: p. 136-146.

Orientadores: Valfrido Antonio Pereira Filho, Márcio de Moraes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T01:23:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Menegat_Fabiano_M.pdf: 1317919 bytes, checksum: 61ce561ad17c6220b258f90a146bda84 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este estudo avaliou prospectivamente os sintomas de obstrução nasal em pacientes submetidos à expansão rápida da maxila cirurgicamente assistida (ERMCA) usando a escala NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation). Foram estudados dezesseis pacientes (idade média 31 ± 7,7 anos), dez mulheres e seis homens, que necessitaram de ERMCA. Os pacientes receberam no pré-operatório, aparelhos do tipo Hyrax e os procedimentos de ERMCA foram executados pela técnica de Kraut (1984), sob anestesia geral. O questionário (NOSE) foi aplicado no pré-operatório e aos seis meses de pós-operatório e os resultados foram comparados. Os resultados para cada indicador foram obtidos em uma escala que variou de 0 a 4 e multiplicados por 5, gerando uma escala de 0 a 100. Os dados foram estratificados de acordo com os índices NOSE e a obstrução nasal foi categorizada como LEVE (0 a 25), MODERADA (26 a 50) e GRAVE (> 50). Os dados foram submetidos ao tratamento estatístico utilizando-se o pacote estatístico SAS®, e o teste de Wilcoxon foi utilizado para comparação entre os grupos, com nível de significância de 5%. Todos os pacientes mantiveram ou melhoraram dos sintomas de obstrução nasal seis meses após a ERMCA, quando avaliados por meio da escala NOSE. Concluiu-se que a avaliação por meio da escala NOSE demonstrou que a ERMCA pode melhorar a sintomatologia de obstrução nasal / Abstract: This study prospectively assessed nasal obstruction symptoms in patients submitted to surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using the NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation) scale. Sixteen patients were included (mean age 31 ± 7,7 years), ten women and six men, who needed SARME. All patients received Hyrax type devices in the preoperative period and SARME was performed by the Kraut¿s technique (1984). The NOSE scale was used to prospectively assess nasal obstruction symptoms. Results were recorded for each score in a scale ranging from 0 to 4 and multiplied by 5, generating a scale from 0 to 100. Data were stratified according NOSE scores and nasal obstruction was categorized as MILD (0 to 25), MODERATE (26 to 50) and SEVERE (> 50). The questionnaire was applied in preoperative period and after six months and results compared. Records were statistically analyzed using SAS¿ statistical pack. The Wilcoxon test was employed for comparison between groups with a significance level of 5%. All patients maintained or improved of nasal obstruction symptoms six months after SARME when evaluated with NOSE scale. In conclusion, maxillary expansion may improve nasal obstruction symptoms / Mestrado / Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais / Mestre em Clínica Odontológica