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The number of traffic accidents is still increasing also due to the increasing number of cars moving on roads. As a result, car manufacturers are made to pay attention to safety more and more. Nowadays they do not deal only with the front seats area but they began focusin on the back seat area, too. The aim of this work was to create a summary of elements of the passive safety and of regulations connected with the back seat area. Practical part is dedicated to statistics and testing of biomechanical criteria of child dummies during crash tests using various elements of the passive safety. The aim was to clarify their influence on protection of occupants in a car during the crash.

Econometric analysis of the impact of roundabouts on the number and severity of traffic accidents. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2015. This diploma thesis estimates the effect of converting conventional intersec-tions to roundabouts on the number and severity of traffic accidents. The effect is estimated in a Difference-in-Differences setup using data on 40 intersections con-verted to roundabouts and 40 conventional intersections that serve as a control group. The estimated effects, together with the existing estimates of the value of a statistical life, are then used as input data in a Cost-Benefit Analysis of converting intersections into roundabouts. The net present value of converting intersection to the roundabout estimated is estimated at minus 7 755 169 CZK, that is a net social loss. This is because in our data the number of serious injuries increased as a result of conversion. However, the results are not statistically significant, thus we cannot rule out the possibility that the conversion produces zero or moderate social benefits. The results suggest that more research is needed to ascertain whether intersection conversions are sound policy or a waste of resources

This work is dealing with an issue related to recognition and assessment of failures as the causes of car accidents. An analysis of the ability to detect a failure right at the place where a car accident happened has been carried out in this work and possibilities of such a recognition of the failure either by a car driver or by police officers or by expert witness are given here as well. A proper methodological procedure in terms of making an appropriate technical inspection of crashed vehicles has been suggested, incl. verifying the supposed benefits of suggested proceedings through inspections and analyses that have been carried out. This work is also dealing with an influence of time on testimony value of damaged car parts. Various sorts of detected failure confirmation acceptable as a cause of the car accident are discussed in this work as well. The main emphasis is put on the need of securing the damaged car parts right after a car accident happened, top important is keeping these damaged car parts which can ensure their eventual inspection as a source for the correct analysis. There are practical examples of how not taking the damaged car parts can make correct analyses impossible and vice versa how an expection of a damaged car carried out as soon as possible after a car accident can lead the analysis in the right direction.

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Title The Safety of a Cyclist passed by car Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to identify by field research whether drivers abide by the distance of at least 1 m when passing cyclists or not. Furthermore to find out from the results of a survey whether previous experience of the drivers as a cyclist influences their behavior. Methods: As for the methods used in this study, field research and public survey had been conducted. Results: Drivers are respecting the passing distance at least 1 meter. The average passing distance, which was foundet out from the results of the survey, was 153 centimeters by the speed of 50 km/h. In conclusion of this thesis is that cyclists and non-cyclists have the same opinion of the passing distance between the cyclist and the passing car. Keywords: Cyclist, passing, safety, accident.

Zusammenfassung Das Thema der Diplomarbeit ist Verkehrskriminalität und ihre Prävention. Ich habe dieses ausgewählt, weil ich es sehr aktuell betrachte. Der Verkehr ist gegenwärtig ein üblicher Bestandteil unseres Lebens. Verkehrkriminalität betrifft fast alle Menschen. Jeder von uns kann sowohl Obfer, als auch Täter werden. Zugleich handelt es sich um das Thema. Das die Aufmerksamkeit noch nicht verdient. Angesichts der Schadenhöhen, der Anzahl der Todesfälle und der Verletzten handelt es sich um einen Bereich, der einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das Leben sowohl der ganzen Gesellschaft, als auch einer individuellen Person hat. Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Hauptuhrsachen der Verkehrkriminalität zu analysieren und anschlieβend die Vorbeugungen zu erzielen. Die Diplomarbeit besteht aus Einleitung, 3 Kapitel und Schlussvollgerung. Das erste Kapitel widmet sich Fenomenologie der Verkehrskriminalität. Es werden hier die Fachbegriffe von Vekehrsdelikten erklärt, die üblichsten Verkehrsstraftaten beschrieben und es wird auch aufmerksam auf Besonderheiten dieser Art von Straftaten gemacht. Das 2. Kapitel gibt einen überblick über die Ursachen und bedingungen der Verkehrskriminalität. Es wird hier der Begriff Verkehrsunfall, als die Hauptuhrsache der Verkehrkriminalität, definiert. Im Weiteren...

A summary of the thesis is focused on an overview of the current legislation and methodology, which is oriented to the traffic on the road and is anchored not only in the Czech legal standards, but also in the legislation of the European Union and international regulations. Also provides an overview of the Organization of traffic police and the development of road traffic accidents in the long term, the analysis of the damage caused by traffic accidents, and the impact on the State budget, including the cost of health insurance, an overview of the main causes of road accidents with the possibilities and ways of their solution. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the exploration in Liberec, which is to reveal whether the legislation is sufficient and that the road would be the participants of road traffic in Liberec agreed to the proposed change in legislation. In conclusion, the evaluation carried out by the survey is processed and recommended measures to reduce the accident rate.

This thesis deals with the influence of technical barriers to accidents with wild animals. On the highway D10 during the years 2006-2014 a total of 598 accidents with animals happened. Six categories of barriers were determine: 1) no barrier, 2) metal guardrails, 3) concrete dividers, 4) reinforced metal guardrails, 5) noise barrier wall, 6) fence, which had been given spatial location during the field survey. The paper also addressed the impact of urbanized areas and created the density of accidents per 1 km of the highway. The results show that there was no evidence for an effect of technical barriers (p = 0.73164). An analysis of accidents density implies some hotspots where there is > 19 accidents / km.

This thesis investigates the level of distraction while driving. The first part of the thesis is focused on the literature review in the field of distraction while driving. Several methods of measuring distraction while driving are being addressed here. The analytical part of the thesis draws on the video recordings of driving tests which were provided specifically for the purpose of this thesis. The resulting data were evaluated with goal to determine the time of visual fixation on traffic signs and advertising equipment in the urban area/non-urban area during the day/night and subsequent comparison of the visual perception of traffic signs and advertising equipment.