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ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an active learning approach (ALA) on the achievement of 11 th grade learners in Newton’s laws of motion, The case study was done in one school by comparing the achievement of learners in Newton’s laws of motion through an Active Learning Approach (ALA) with that of learners taught through Traditional Direct I nstruction (TDI) and to determine whether learners taught with ALA retained the material better than those taught with TDI. Two grade 11 classes in one school in the Queenstown District of the Eastern Cape were selected on their performance in two differen t tests and used as case study . The Force Concept Inventory was used to determine the achievements and retention of knowledge of the two groups. The effect of the active lear ning approach on the treatment group was also measured by ask ing each learner in t he group to complete a learner assessment of instruction form. The treatment group was also subjected to a classroom group interview. T he following information emerged from the study: i) Learners taught using the ALA achieved significantly better in FCI pos t - test than those taught with traditional direct instruction. ii) In the retention of knowledge test, the mean score of the learners taught using the ALA was 4.8% higher than those taught with TDI although insignificant. iii) Learners subjected to the ALA liked the instructional approach and as such put in extra time to learn. The findings suggest that the active learning approach had positive effect on the achievement of the Grade 11 learners and thus, can be adapted to enhance learning in the classroom. / Physics

Just as in other areas of knowledge, teaching physics remains focused on the content present in the manuals and textbooks. In this perspective, teachers tend to transmit the contents in just lectures and without presenting any connection with the daily life of students. They end up having a passive behavior in the process, often simply performing mathematical calculations instead of interpreting physical phenomena. In this educational product, I propose to physics teachers differently in addressing the Laws of Newton, avoiding the practice of traditional classes where the teacher requires the contents to be decorated by students only in order to pass the year. The methodology was developed in the State College João de Melo Prado - Divina Pastora, in a class of 1st year of high school. As a facilitator teaching tool learning, I made the use of educational resources as the figure titled "Where are the forces", showing the relationship between the forces and the change of momentum; the simulation of the PhET "Cape War" as interactive demo; conceptual issues such as "peer intruction"; building a dynamometer; view the episode "Pulleys (Sheaves)" the animated series "How it Works"; Experimental kit pulleys. As a way of evaluating the active learning took into account qualitative aspects such as student participation during the development of the activities, and quantitative aspects, through pre-test and post-test questionnaire. The results showed active learning by the students. The purpose of this Didactic Sequence is to enable students to understand the applications of Newton's laws in their day to day, dynamically, with active participation of them in the activities developed during application. / Assim como acontece em outras áreas de conhecimento, o ensino de Física permanece centrado nos conteúdos presentes nos manuais e livros didáticos. Nesta perspectiva, os professores tendem a transmitir os conteúdos em aulas apenas expositivas e sem apresentar ligação alguma com o cotidiano dos estudantes. Estes acabam tendo um comportamento passivo no processo, muitas vezes simplesmente realizando cálculos matemáticos ao invés de interpretar fenômenos físicos. Nesse produto educacional, proponho aos professores de Física um modo diferente na abordagem das Leis de Newton, evitando a prática de aulas tradicionais em que o professor impõe os conteúdos a serem decorados pelos alunos apenas com o objetivo de passarem de ano. A metodologia usada foi desenvolvida no Colégio Estadual Dr. João de Melo Prado – Divina Pastora, em uma turma de 1º ano do ensino médio. Como ferramenta facilitadora de ensino aprendizagem, fiz o uso de recursos educacionais como a figura intitulada “Onde estão as forças?”, mostrando a relação entre as forças e a variação da quantidade de movimento; a simulação do PhET “Cabo de Guerra” como demonstração interativa; questões conceituais do tipo “peer intruction”; construção de um dinamômetro; exibição do episódio “Polias (Roldanas)” da série de animação “Assim que Funciona”; kit experimental de roldanas. Como forma de avaliação da aprendizagem ativa levei em consideração aspectos qualitativos, como a participação dos alunos no decorrer do desenvolvimento das atividades, e aspectos quantitativos, através de questionário de pré-teste e pós-teste. Os resultados encontrados mostram que houve aprendizagem ativa por parte dos alunos. A proposta desta sequência didática é de possibilitar que os alunos possam entender as aplicações das Leis de Newton no seu dia a dia, de forma dinâmica, com participação ativa deles, nas atividades desenvolvidas durante a aplicação.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Pedro Galli Mercadante / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Mestrado Nacional Profissional em Ensino de Física - MNPEF, 2016. / O ensino por projetos já é prática consagrada e tem mostrado sua eficácia: alunos questionadores, investigadores e dotados de maior capacidade de interpretação de situações problema e do mundo. No entanto, sua aplicação requer engajamento de toda escola num único objetivo. Prática difícil nos dias de hoje, dada a premência do ensino conteudista e focado nos resultados das avaliações externas. Paradoxalmente, essas avaliações requerem cada vez mais do aluno análise de cenários e propostas de intervenção não lhe ensinadas pelos métodos tradicionais. Este projeto tem por objetivo oferecer uma alternativa ao método tradicional, focando no ensino e aprimoramento das competências e habilidades. Trata-se da adoção de ensino por projetos na forma de desafios, ao final de um período ou módulo de aprendizagem. Dessa forma, o aluno colocará em prática seus conhecimentos e precisará adquirir outros, necessários à elaboração e confecção de protótipos que operem dentro dos padrões estabelecidos. O registro de todas as fases dos projetos, confecção e testes, em relatórios científicos simplificados, tem a finalidade de propiciar a ele uma análise mais aprofundada dos assuntos trabalhados, tanto em sala de aula como fora dela. O produto final fruto desta dissertação é um manual detalhado de projetos, destinados a professores, aplicáveis em qualquer escola, contendo roteiros, sugestões, modelos de relatórios, propostas de avaliação e resultados esperados. / Teaching by projects already is an established practice and have been showing its efficacy: questioning and investigative students, equipped with high interpretation capabilities of real world problems. However, bring this kind of teaching to reality needs the whole engagement available to the school applied to a single objective. It is ahard and almost impossible practice nowadays, because teaching sustains politics that gives very importance to the contents and is focused on the results of external assessments. Paradoxically, these assessments increasingly require the student analyses scenarios and proposes interventions that not taught by traditional methods. This project aims to present an alternative to the traditional method, without breaking with the teaching of the competencies and skills. That refers to the adoption of teaching by projects in form of challenges, in the end of a period or a module of learning. Thereby students will put in practice their knowledge and they need acquire other ones necessary to elaborate and fabricate prototypes that work within established standards. The registration of all of the project¿s steps, production and tests, in simplified scientific reports, aims to propitiate a depth analysis of the issues worked, both inside and outside the classroom. The final product of this dissertation is a detailed project manual, adequate to teachers and able to be applied in any school, containing scripts, suggestions, report models, assessments proposals and expected results.

Orientador: Maria Jose Pereira Monteiro de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T05:31:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lanca_Tatiana_M.pdf: 2621170 bytes, checksum: 29cd93401328fa4ef9ddaa75ab292574 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, a partir de um estudo realizado em uma escola pública da cidade de Jundiaí - SP, buscou-se aliar o ensino da Física à prática de leitura de um livro de divulgação científica, em alunos da primeira série do ensino médio, procurando-se verificar o funcionamento da leitura das leis de Newton, como apresentadas no livro: Isaac Newton e sua maçã, com a mediação da pesquisadora. Tendo em vista atingir esse objetivo, propusemo-nos a responder a seguinte questão: Como são produzidos os significados a partir da leitura do texto citado sobre Isaac Newton, considerando as condições de produção do estudo e as mediações ocorridas durante o desenvolvimento das aulas assumidas pela pesquisadora (autora deste trabalho)? O suporte se encontra na linha francesa da análise de discurso, principalmente em trabalhos de Michel Pêcheux e Eni Orlandi. Nesses autores encontra-se sustentação para admitir a relevância de se compreender o funcionamento dos discursos escolares. Verificamos que os processos de produção de sentidos, a partir de atividades de leitura em sala de aula, como as que foram realizadas, ocorreram de maneira específica para cada aluno, e, como esperávamos, confirmamos que os mesmos processos dependem das condições de produção e das histórias de vida dos estudantes / Abstract: In this present work carried out in a public high school placed at Jundiaí - SP, a Brazilian country city, we tried to put together the physics teaching methodology with the reading of a scientifc disclosure book, on high-school-students of the first school year, aiming to verify how works the reading of Newton's laws presented in the book: Isaac Newton and his apple. With the research mediation. Attempting to reach this goal, we propose ourselves to answer the follow question: How does the meaning are produced from the reading of Isaac Newton's texts, taking into account the condiction of the study' s output and the mediations happened through the developing of the classes assumed by myself? We have found out the support into the French line of the speech analysis, mainly on the authors Michel Pêcheux and Eni Orlandi. On these ones we got the sustentation in order to let in the relevance on the scholar speech understanding. We also have verified that the sense-prductions proceedings, from the reading activities applied into the classrooms, second those ones by us carried out, to come out in a specific way to each student, how we hoped, sustaining that the same process depend on the production's condictions and the private-history-life / Mestrado / Ensino, Avaliação e Formação de Professores / Mestre em Educação

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an active learning approach (ALA) on the achievement of 11 th grade learners in Newton’s laws of motion, The case study was done in one school by comparing the achievement of learners in Newton’s laws of motion through an Active Learning Approach (ALA) with that of learners taught through Traditional Direct I nstruction (TDI) and to determine whether learners taught with ALA retained the material better than those taught with TDI. Two grade 11 classes in one school in the Queenstown District of the Eastern Cape were selected on their performance in two differen t tests and used as case study . The Force Concept Inventory was used to determine the achievements and retention of knowledge of the two groups. The effect of the active lear ning approach on the treatment group was also measured by ask ing each learner in t he group to complete a learner assessment of instruction form. The treatment group was also subjected to a classroom group interview. T he following information emerged from the study: i) Learners taught using the ALA achieved significantly better in FCI pos t - test than those taught with traditional direct instruction. ii) In the retention of knowledge test, the mean score of the learners taught using the ALA was 4.8% higher than those taught with TDI although insignificant. iii) Learners subjected to the ALA liked the instructional approach and as such put in extra time to learn. The findings suggest that the active learning approach had positive effect on the achievement of the Grade 11 learners and thus, can be adapted to enhance learning in the classroom. / Physics