Film exhibits an existential time structure. It presents characters and events in the present moment and as the film progresses the future of the characters is built from their past within the film. Characterisation in film differs from that of the novel primarily in that characters are seen as they become what they are through their actions. In the novel a character is already fixed. Film also differs from theatre in that the differing use of space allows for a more intimate acting style on the part of the actor and more involvement on the part of the viewer. Film noir, in particular, manifests existential themes in its plot lines and characterisation, e.g. alienation, anxiety and the developmental nature of personality. A number of theorists have attempted to define film noir and to account for its distinctive look. These include David Bordwell, Borde and Chaumeton and Christine Gledhill. So far no definition has successfully accounted for all the features present in these films. An existential analysis offers a new way to approach this problem. Due to its distinctive use of philosophical themes film noir constitutes a separate and continuing genre. A noir paradigm can be established by isolating these philosophical themes and the stylistic methods which express them. This can be used as a criterion to identify noir films. Noirs can be divided into different periods by identifying the dominant theme of various decades. These reflect the social conditions of the time as well as popular response to existential philosophers, for instance, Sartre and Nietzsche who have both been considerable popularised. In addition noir can be seen as a response to restrictive Hollywood practices.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of History, 2003. / Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains 59 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-59).

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Hamburg.

No description available.

Mémoire (M.Ed.)--Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1997. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU

With very few exceptions, the conventional narrative of American history dates the end of the Progressive Era to the postwar turmoil of 1919 and 1920, culminating with the election of Warren G. Harding and a mandate for Normalcy. And yet, as this dissertation explores, progressives, while knocked back on their heels by these experiences, nonetheless continued to fight for change even during the unfavorable political climate of the Twenties. The Era of Normalcy itself was a much more chaotic and contested political period - marked by strikes, race riots, agrarian unrest, cultural conflict, government scandals, and economic depression - than the popular imagination often recalls. While examining the trajectory of progressives during the Harding and Coolidge years, this study also inquires into how civic progressivism - a philosophy rooted in preserving the public interest and producing change through elevated citizenship and educated public opinion - was tempered and transformed by the events of the post-war period and the New Era. With an eye to the many fruitful and flourishing fields that have come to enhance the study of political ideology in recent decades, this dissertation revisits the question of progressive persistence, and examines the rhetorical and ideological transformations it was forced to make to remain relevant in an age of consumerism, technological change, and cultural conflict. In so doing, this study aims to reevaluate progressivism's contributions to the New Era and help to define the ideological transformations that occurred between early twentieth century reform and the liberalism of the New Deal.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed April 7, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-129).

Thesis (M. S.)--Economics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. / Committee Chair: Ghosal, Vivek; Committee Member: Iacopetta, Maurizio; Committee Member: Kilic, Rehim.

The studies presented in this dissertation establish the dynamics of Eleven nineteen Lysine-rich leukemia (ELL) family of elongation factors during B cell differentiation and provide a description of ELL3 function in B cells. The transition from a mature naïve B cells into an activated B cell is dependent on a large increase in transcriptional output, which is followed by focused expression on secreted immunoglobulin upon terminal differentiation into plasma cell. While ELL family members have previously been implicated in alternative splicing at the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus in plasma cells, their presence and function prior to differentiation is currently not known. However, the use of elongation factors has been implied by the finding of mostly paused RNA polymerase II in the genome of naïve B cells. In the first study, the expression of transcriptional elongation factor ELL3 is shown to be restricted to activated B cells and B cell lymphomas. All three family members were characterized in B cell lymphoma cell lines, genome wide expression, microarray analysis and primary B cell stimulus. The expression of ELL3 was induced upon activation of B cells concurrently with family member ELL. In addition, the abundant expression of ELL3 was restricted to GC derived B cell lymphoma cell lines. While the expression of ELL is maintained, the expression of ELL3 is diminished and ELL2 is up-regulated in terminally differentiated plasma cells. The expression of master regulator of terminal plasma cell differentiation PRDM1 was inverse correlated with that of ELL3. To further establish PRDM1s role in regulating the ELL family member dynamics, global binding was assessed in plasma cell lines. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative PCR was utilized to identify direct association of PRDM1 at exclusively the ELL3 loci. Ectopic expression of PRDM1 in B cells down regulated the expression of ELL3. Furthermore, two consensus PRDM1 binding sites were defined at the ELL3 loci, which mediate significant repression of the promoter activity. Collectively, these experiments indicate that PRDM1 mediates the switch from ELL3 in B cells to ELL2 in plasma cells. The data presented in the final chapter aimed at defining a function for ELL3 in the cells that express it most abundantly, which are B cell lymphoma cell lines. Transient depletion of ELL3 in a Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line resulted in a diminished proliferation rate due to a severe disruption of DNA replication and its regulators minichromosome maintenance proteins. Additionally, compromised cell division and mitotic regulators were observed along with increased DNA damage and cell death. The data presented here demonstrate a key role for ELL3 in the proliferation and survival of B cell lymphomas and positions ELL3 as an attractive therapeutic target against B cell lymphoma’s with a germinal center origin.