Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1991. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 202-209). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, 2007. / A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Arts, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography.

Submitted by Irene Nascimento (irene.kessia@ufpe.br) on 2017-03-23T17:40:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) TESE MESTRADO JERSYCA 25-10-2016.pdf: 2917570 bytes, checksum: 8cf386eb26ab6c022d59bff048258c40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T17:40:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) TESE MESTRADO JERSYCA 25-10-2016.pdf: 2917570 bytes, checksum: 8cf386eb26ab6c022d59bff048258c40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / Capes / Introdução: Na Fonoaudiologia, um dos testes utilizados para a avaliação do processamento auditivo em crianças é o Pediatric Speech Intelligibility (PSI). Já na Terapia Ocupacional, utiliza-se questionários, como o Sensory Processing Measure (SPM), para identificar alterações de processamento sensorial, dentre eles o auditivo. Uma possível correlação entre esses testes pode facilitar a identificação precoce de crianças com tais alterações. Objetivo: correlacionar o desempenho de crianças no PSI e as respostas obtidas no SPM aplicado aos pais e professores dessas crianças. Método: A pesquisa foi composta por 16 participantes com idades entre 5 e 9 anos, de ambos os sexos, estudantes de escolas públicas em Pernambuco. Inicialmente os pais e professores das crianças responderam 8 questões do SPM, e posteriormente, as crianças foram submetidas ao teste PSI na condição contra e ipsilateral. Resultados: A análise estatística mostra que o percentual de erros do teste PSI ipsilateral foi significantemente maior que o percentual de erros do PSI contralateral. Não foi observado o efeito da idade nos resultados do teste PSI e no questionário SPM. Embora não significativa (p>0,05), houve divergência entre respostas dos dois questionário (SPMS – aplicado aos pais e SPMH – aplicado aos professores). Não houve correlação entre o teste PSI e o questionário SPM respondido por professores. Conclusão: De acordo com este estudo não se pode sugerir o questionário SPM para identificação de crianças com dificuldade de processamento auditivo. / Introduction: In speech therapy, one of the tests used to assess auditory processing in children is the Pediatric Speech Intelligibility (PSI). In the Occupational Therapy, uses questionnaires, such as Sensory Processing Measure (SPM) to identify sensory processing disorders, including hearing. A correlation between these tests may facilitate early identification of children with such changes. Objective: To correlate the performance of children in the PSI and the responses obtained in the SPM applied to parents and teachers of these children. Method: The study was composed of 16 participants aged 5 to 9 years, of both gender, from public schools in Pernambuco. Initially, the parents and teachers of children answered 8 questions of SPM, and later the children were submitted to the PSI test in contralateral and ipsilateral condition. Results: Statistical analysis shows that the percentage of ipsilateral PSI test errors was significantly higher than the percentage of PSI contralateral errors. There was no effect of age on the test results PSI and SPM questionnaire. Although not significant (p> 0.05), there was disagreement between the two questionnaire responses (SPMS - applied to parents and SPMH - applied to teachers). There was no correlation between the PSI and the SPM questionnaire answered by teachers. Conclusion: According to this study we can not suggest the SPM questionnaire to identify children with difficulties in auditory processing.

Introduction Autistic individuals often have difficulties with recognizing what another person is saying in noisy conditions such as in a crowded classroom or a restaurant. The underlying neural mechanisms of this speech perception difficulty are unclear. In typically developed individuals, three cerebral cortex regions are particularly related to speech-in-noise perception: the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), the right insula, and the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Here, we tested whether responses in these cerebral cortex regions are altered in speech-in-noise perception in autism. Methods Seventeen autistic adults and 17 typically developed controls (matched pairwise on age, sex, and IQ) performed an auditory-only speech recognition task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Speech was presented either with noise (noise condition) or without noise (no noise condition, i.e., clear speech). Results In the left IFG, blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) responses were higher in the control compared to the autism group for recognizing speech-in-noise compared to clear speech. For this contrast, both groups had similar response magnitudes in the right insula and left IPL. Additionally, we replicated previous findings that BOLD responses in speech-related and auditory brain regions (including bilateral superior temporal sulcus and Heschl's gyrus) for clear speech were similar in both groups and that voice identity recognition was impaired for clear and noisy speech in autism. Discussion Our findings show that in autism, the processing of speech is particularly reduced under noisy conditions in the left IFG—a dysfunction that might be important in explaining restricted speech comprehension in noisy environments.