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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

L'Inversion dans la subordonnée en français contemporain /

Wall, Kerstin. January 1980 (has links)
Akademisk avhandling--Lingvistik--Uppsala, 1980. / Bibliogr. p. 177-179.
32

Émulsifiants biosourcés et émulsification de résines de peinture végétalisées / Biobased surfactants and emulsification of agrobased paint resins

Royer, Maxime 13 September 2016 (has links)
Dans le contexte des problématiques environnementales, la mise en émulsion de résines biosourcées constitue une étape clé vers la production de « peintures vertes ». L’hydrophobie de deux résines alkydes d’origine végétale a été évaluée par une méthode novatrice appelée salinity-slope en réalisant un balayage en sel d’un système E/H/TA ionique. Les résultats ont montré que la neutralisation des résines modifie leur polarité, les rendant moins hydrophobes. L’hydrophilie de 27 tensioactifs a par ailleurs été évaluée par PIT-slope permettant d’une part de montrer l’extensivité de cette méthode et d’autre part de définir pour une huile donnée une zone optimale d’émulsification nommée rPIT-slope. L’impact des variables de formulation et de procédé sur le processus d’émulsification par inversion de phase catastrophique des résines alkydes d’origine végétale a également été évalué par la méthodologie des plans d’expériences. Parmi l’ensemble des paramètres étudiés, la température et la vitesse d’agitation sont deux paramètres ayant une forte influence sur le diamètre moyen des gouttes et sur le profil granulométrique des émulsions. L’ensemble de ces résultats a finalement permis de rationaliser le processus d’émulsification par inversion de phase catastrophique d’une résine alkyde d’origine végétale en facilitant non seulement la sélection de tensioactifs biosourcés mais également l’obtention d’émulsions de taille de goutte inférieure à 350nm. / In a context of environmental issues, the key step to produce” green paints” is to formulate emulsions of biobased resins. The hydrophobicity of two agrobased alkyd resins has been investigated by an innovative approach called the salinity-slope method which consist in realizing a salinity scan to a W/O/ionic surfactant system. Results have shown that resins’ polarity is modified when they are neutralized, making them less hydrophobic. The hydrophilicity of 27 surfactants has been evaluated by the PIT-slope method which helped on one hand to show the extensive property of this method and on the other hand to define an optimal area of emulsification for a given oil named the rPIT-slope. The experimental design methodology has been used to study the impact of formulation and process parameters on the biobased alkyd resins’ emulsification by catastrophic phase inversion protocol. Results have shown that temperature and stirring rate are the parameters which have the highest effect on droplet size distribution. Overall, this study enables the emulsification process to be streamlined, facilitating not only the selection of biobased surfactants but also the formulation of emulsion with droplet size lower than 350nm.
33

Reservation Based Protocol for Resolving Priority Inversions in Composable Conveyor Systems

Mahamadi, Abdelrhman January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
34

Etude des propriétés physiques des aérosols de la moyenne et haute atmosphère à partir d'une nouvelle analyse des observations du GOMOS-ENVISAT pour la période 2002-2006 / Study of the physical properties of aerosols in the middle and high atmosphere from a new analysis of GOMOS-ENVISAT observations for the 2002-2006 period

Salazar, Veronica 13 December 2010 (has links)
L´étude des aérosols de la stratosphère est primordiale pour modéliser précisément le bilan radiatif terrestre, et pour évaluer l´influence des particules sur le cycle de destruction de l´ozone. Depuis la découverte de la couche de Junge, ce domaine de recherche connaît différents décors, du plus important contenu en aérosols du dernier siècle après l´éruption du Mont Pinatubo en 1991, à un rétablissement vers les faibles niveaux atteints dans les années 2000, qui permet l´étude des particules autres que celles d´origine volcanique. Cependant, à ce jour, le degré de connaissance est faible quant à la distribution spatiale et verticale de ces aérosols dans la moyenne et haute stratosphère. Leur détection présente plusieurs difficultés: les particules ont une grande variété d´origines, compositions, tailles et formes, et leurs faibles épaisseurs optiques rendent indispensables des résultats précis. Un algorithme d´inversion développé au LPC2E a été adapté à l´analyse des données de niveau 1b de l´instrument GOMOS à bord d´ENVISAT, qui emploie la technique d´occultation stellaire, et fournit une bonne (mais irrégulière) couverture géographique et temporelle des mesures; un critère de sélection est d´ailleurs nécessaire du fait de l´utilisation de sources lumineuses de propriétés différentes. La méthode mise au point est validée pour l´étude de l´extinction induite par les aérosols; une climatologie globale est alors établie pour la période allant d´août 2002 à juillet 2006, et indique la présence permanente de particules dans l´ensemble du globe, jusqu´à environ 45 km d´altitude. La variabilité temporelle de l´extinction montre une augmentation progressive du contenu moyen depuis 2002 aux latitudes tropicales dans la basse stratosphère, et a permis d´évaluer l´effet de l´oscillation quasi-biennale et d´étudier d´autres variations saisonnières. La dépendance spectrale permet de déduire certaines spécificités concernant la taille et la nature des aérosols, majoritairement des particules sulfatées, mais également des suies en provenance de la troposphère et des particules d´origine interplanétaire. / The study of stratospheric aerosols is crucial for modeling precisely the earth´s radiative budget and because of their influence on ozone depletion. Since the discovery of Junge layer, this area of research has been through various situations: from the greatest volcanic upload of last century after Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991, and slowly recovering to background levels reached in the 2000s, which allow the study of other than volcanic particles. However, the vertical and spatial distribution of these aerosols in the middle and high stratosphere is still poorly documented and not yet totally understood. Their detection presents many difficulties: the particles have a great variety of origins, compositions, shapes and sizes, and their low optical thicknesses make accurate results necessary. An inversion algorithm developed in the LPC2E has been adapted to the analysis of level 1b data from GOMOS instrument onboard ENVISAT. The star occultation technique leads to a good (but irregular) spatial and temporal sampling, and a data selection criteria allows the analysis of accurate results, which validation is led for the study of aerosol extinction. A global climatology is then established for the August 2002 to July 2006 period, and shows the permanent presence of aerosol particles around the globe, up to 45 km altitude. The temporal variability shows a progressive enhancement of the mean content from 2002 in the tropics, and was useful to study the influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation in the middle stratosphere, as well as some seasonal features. The study of the spectral dependence informs about the size and nature of the particles, mainly sulfate aerosols, but also soot coming from the troposphere and aerosols of extra-terrestrial origin.
35

Inversion de permittivités d’une structure dièdrique au moyen de la polarimétrie radar / Permittivities retrieval of a dihedral structure using radar polarimetry

Couderc, Orian 08 February 2019 (has links)
Dans la situation d’un radar monostatique la configuration diédrique présente l’avantage de renvoyer un signal fort grâce au mécanisme de double rebond. De plus, il s’agit d’une configuration omniprésente par exemple en zone urbaine, avec des structures rue-bâtiment, ou en forêt, avec des structures de type sol-arbre. Les signaux rétrodiffusés sont donc liés à ces structures, plus précisément aux matériaux les composant, via leurs permittivités diélectriques. Retrouver ces permittivités depuis la mesure des champs rétrodiffusés permettrait l’identification des matériaux de la structure diédrique. Ceci mène à des applications telles que la détection de défauts dans la structure, l’estimation de la teneur en eau des sols ou du béton, ou in fine à des thématiques de classification, pour des objets dans des images radar par exemple, ou de détection de changement. En modélisant le mécanisme de double rebond lié à la structure de dièdre par deux réflexions successives via les coefficients de Fresnel, trois méthodes d’inversion des permittivités ont été mises en place au cours de la thèse. La première, analytique, utilise à un angle d’incidence donné la mesure des champs copolarisés. Les deux autres méthodes, alliant une partie analytique et une partie numérique, nécessitent la mesure, du ratio polarimétrique pour l’une, du champ horizontal pour l’autre, effectuée à deux angles d’incidence différents. Ces méthodes ont été validées numériquement à l’aide de la méthode d’Optique Géométrique fournie par le logiciel FEKO. Des mesures en chambre anéchoique ont été effectuées afin de valider ces méthodes. De même une mesure in-situ a été effectuée sur un dièdre en béton formé par un angle entre deux murs. / For a monostatic radar, the dihedral arrangementexhibits a strong response compare tobare surface. This phenomenon can be seen in radarimages of urban areas or forestry as building andstreets and trunks and ground are forming such structures.This signature can be modelled with the doublebounce equation as a cascade of Fresnel reflectioncoefficients. These coefficients depend on the permittivitiesof the structures. Finding these permittivitiesfrom the backscattered fields may allowed to identifythe materials involved in the dihedral. Thereforethiscan be applied for default detection, moisture retrievaland classification topics for instance.By modelling the double bounce scattering with Fresnelcoefficients, three methods have been developedto retrieve these permittivities. The first one uses asingle incidence angle and the measurements of copolarisedfields. The last two methods need the measurementof the copolarised fields ratio or of the horizontalelectric field alone at two different incidenceangles. All these methods have been validated, firstnumerically using FEKO RL-GO method, then experimentally,with measurements in anechoic chamber. Atlast, in-situ measurements have been performed on awall corner made of concrete to assess the methodon a real case.
36

Seismic reflector characterization by a multiscale detection-estimation method

Maysami, Mohammad, Herrmann, Felix J. January 2007 (has links)
Seismic transitions of the subsurface are typically considered as zero-order singularities (step functions). According to this model, the conventional deconvolution problem aims at recovering the seismic reflectivity as a sparse spike train. However, recent multiscale analysis on sedimentary records revealed the existence of accumulations of varying order singularities in the subsurface, which give rise to fractional-order discontinuities. This observation not only calls for a richer class of seismic reflection waveforms, but it also requires a different methodology to detect and characterize these reflection events. For instance, the assumptions underlying conventional deconvolution no longer hold. Because of the bandwidth limitation of seismic data, multiscale analysis methods based on the decay rate of wavelet coefficients may yield ambiguous results. We avoid this problem by formulating the estimation of the singularity orders by a parametric nonlinear inversion method.
37

Advanced Electrical Resistivity Modelling and Inversion using Unstructured Discretization

Rücker, Carsten 06 June 2011 (has links) (PDF)
In this dissertation an approach is presented for the three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) using unstructured discretizations. The geoelectrical forward problem is solved by the finite element method using tetrahedral meshes with linear and quadratic shape functions. Unstructured meshes are suitable for modelling domains of arbitrary geometry (e.g., complicated topography). Furthermore, the best trade-off between accuracy and numerical effort can be achieved due to the capability of problem-adapted mesh refinement. Unstructured discretizations also allow the consideration of spatial extended finite electrodes. Due to a corresponding extension of the forward operator using the complete electrode model, known from medical impedance tomography, a study about the influence of such electrodes to geoelectrical measurements is given. Based on the forward operator, the so-called triple-grid-technique is developed to solve the geoelectrical inverse problem. Due to unstructured discretization, the ERT can be applied by using a resolution dependent parametrization on arbitrarily shaped two-dimensional and three-dimensional domains. A~Gauss-Newton method is used with inexact line search to fit the data within error bounds. A global regularization scheme is applied using special smoothness constraints. Furthermore, an advanced regularization scheme for the ERT is presented based on unstructured meshes, which is able to include a-priori information into the inversion and significantly improves the resulting ERT images. Structural information such as material interfaces known from other geophysical techniques are incorporated as allowed sharp resistivity contrasts. Model weighting functions can define individually the allowed deviation of the final resistivity model from given start or reference values. As a consequent further development the region concept is presented where the parameter domain is subdivided into lithological or geological regions with individual inversion and regularization parameters. All used techniques and concepts are part of the open source C++ library GIMLi, which has been developed during this thesis as an advanced tool for the method-independent solution of the inverse problem.
38

Multi-parameter Analysis and Inversion for Anisotropic Media Using the Scattering Integral Method

Djebbi, Ramzi 24 October 2017 (has links)
The main goal in seismic exploration is to identify locations of hydrocarbons reservoirs and give insights on where to drill new wells. Therefore, estimating an Earth model that represents the right physics of the Earth's subsurface is crucial in identifying these targets. Recent seismic data, with long offsets and wide azimuth features, are more sensitive to anisotropy. Accordingly, multiple anisotropic parameters need to be extracted from the recorded data on the surface to properly describe the model. I study the prospect of applying a scattering integral approach for multi-parameter inversion for a transversely isotropic model with a vertical axis of symmetry. I mainly analyze the sensitivity kernels to understand the sensitivity of seismic data to anisotropy parameters. Then, I use a frequency domain scattering integral approach to invert for the optimal parameterization. The scattering integral approach is based on the explicit computation of the sensitivity kernels. I present a new method to compute the traveltime sensitivity kernels for wave equation tomography using the unwrapped phase. I show that the new kernels are a better alternative to conventional cross-correlation/Rytov kernels. I also derive and analyze the sensitivity kernels for a transversely isotropic model with a vertical axis of symmetry. The kernels structure, for various opening/scattering angles, highlights the trade-off regions between the parameters. For a surface recorded data, I show that the normal move-out velocity vn, ƞ and δ parameterization is suitable for a simultaneous inversion of diving waves and reflections. Moreover, when seismic data is inverted hierarchically, the horizontal velocity vh, ƞ and ϵ is the parameterization with the least trade-off. In the frequency domain, the hierarchical inversion approach is naturally implemented using frequency continuation, which makes vh, ƞ and ϵ parameterization attractive. I formulate the multi-parameter inversion using the scattering integral method. Application to various synthetic and real data examples show accurate inversion results. I show that a good background ƞ model is required to accurately recover vh. For 3-D problems, I promote a hybrid approach, where efficient ray tracing is used to compute the sensitivity kernels. The proposed method highly reduces the computational cost.
39

Analysis of Nocturnal Temperature Inversions in Meigs County, Ohio: An Appalachian Frost Hollow Case Study

Will, Joshua Daniel 12 September 2006 (has links)
No description available.
40

Kinetic and Kinematic Differences in Expected and Unexpected Drop Landing Ankle Inversion

Dicus, Jeremy Raymond 22 December 2006 (has links)
No description available.

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