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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Design and analysis of rocket nozzle contours for launching pico-satellites /

Denton, Brandon Lee. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-111).
82

Joining of aluminum and long fiber thermoplastic (LFT) composites

Kulkarni, Rahul R. January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Additional advisors: Derrick R. Dean, Alan W. Eberhardt, Ramana G. Reddy, Uday K. Vaidya. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 13, 2009; title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.
83

Optimization techniques exploiting problem structure : applications to aerodynamic design /

Shenoy, Ajit R., January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1997. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-198). Issued also in computer file.
84

Spray cooling of steel dies in a hot forging process

Endres, Matthew J. January 2002 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Worcester Polytechnic Institute. / Keywords: atomizing; spray cooling; thermal stress. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54).
85

A Monte-Carlo-based simulation of jet exhaust nozzle thermal radiative signatures /

Chapman, David D. January 1992 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-79). Also available via the Internet.
86

Shock location during two-phase flow in an over-expanded nozzle

Fiedler, Ross Allan. January 1961 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, Berkeley, 1961. / "Engineering and Equipment, UC-38" -t.p. "TID-4500 (16th Ed.)" -t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-63).
87

Avaliação de um sistema de aplicação de agrotóxicos na cultura do mamão: redução do risco de contaminação ambiental / Evaluation of a pesticide application in papaya crop, reducing the risk of environmental contamination

Dantas, Maria Jorgiana Ferreira January 2010 (has links)
DANTAS, Maria Jorgiana Ferreira. Avaliação de um sistema de aplicação de agrotóxicos na cultura do mamão: redução do risco de contaminação ambiental. 2010. 97 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em engenharia agrícola)- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, 2010. / Submitted by Elineudson Ribeiro (elineudsonr@gmail.com) on 2016-06-24T19:03:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_mjfdantas.pdf: 11525819 bytes, checksum: 00e7bbc95e7ad099b7ea22ef3a71bf5b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by José Jairo Viana de Sousa (jairo@ufc.br) on 2016-07-21T20:19:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_mjfdantas.pdf: 11525819 bytes, checksum: 00e7bbc95e7ad099b7ea22ef3a71bf5b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T20:19:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_mjfdantas.pdf: 11525819 bytes, checksum: 00e7bbc95e7ad099b7ea22ef3a71bf5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / O mamoeiro é uma cultura de grande expressão agrícola e a utilização de agrotóxicos nas lavouras é uma preocupação constante dos produtores. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar um sistema de aplicação de agrotóxicos na cultura do mamão (Carica papaya L.) no Perímetro Irrigado Tabuleiro de Russas, CE. As avaliações do espectro e da deriva de calda foram feitas através da análise digital de gotas. A análise da deposição e das perdas foram realizadas por meio do método da condutividade elétrica das soluções obtidas após a lavagem das folhas de mamão (alvos) e o perfil de distribuição de calda aplicada nas diferentes alturas da cultura foi analisado utilizando-se uma mesa vertical de ensaios de campo. O experimento foi realizado em um lote agrícola situado no município de Russas – CE, com as seguintes coordenadas geográficas latitude 4º 57’ 44” S e longitude 23º 02’ 40” W. Foram utilizados como plantas de mamão Formosa, com espaçamento de 3 m entre fileiras e 2,5 m entre plantas. As aplicações foram efetuadas com um conjunto de pulverização tratorizado, constituído por um trator e um pulverizador turboatomizador ARBUS 2000. O experimento foi conduzido no delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial (3x2) + 1: três tipos de ponta de pulverização JA-1, JA-5 (jato cônico vazio) e TVI (jato cônico vazio com indução de ar) com duas diferentes pressões de trabalho (402 kPa e 1402 kPa) e a aplicação realizada pelo produtor, ponta J5-2 com pressão de 666 kPa (testemunha). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias discriminadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade empregando-se o software estatístico SAEG 9.0. Os resultados mostraram que, a ponta JA-1 com uma pressão de 1.402 kPa apresentou maior potencial de deriva e perdas de calda de 17% nas duas pressões analisadas. A ponta TVI com pressão de 402 kPa apresentou o menor potencial para deriva e perdas de 8,53 e 10,43% nas pressões de 1.402 e 402 kPa respectivamente. A ponta JA-5 nas duas pressões de trabalho testadas, apresentou valores médios de perdas de calda de 6%. As maiores perdas foram verificadas com a aplicação realizada pelo produtor com valores de 20,16%. Para as alturas estudadas a maior deriva foi nas alturas de 2,0; 2,5 e 4,0 m do que nas de 3,0 e 3,5 m. O aumento da pressão de pulverização aumentou a deriva, recomenda-se que para redução das perdas em uma aplicação utilizem-se pressões menores. A mesa vertical de ensaios de campo para aferição do equipamento de aplicação de agrotóxicos, mostrou-se eficiente. No geral todas as pulverizações depositaram menos calda nas regiões superiores da cultura do mamoeiro. Verificaram-se grandes perdas de agrotóxicos para o solo em todos os tratamentos aplicados. Há necessidade de se estudar em futuros trabalhos, a mesa vertical desenvolvida, para ajustar configurações dos bicos às condições específicas da cultura do mamoeiro, como também estudos referente às melhorias nos equipamentos de pulverização utilizados e desenvolvimento de novas técnicas para aplicação de agrotóxicos na cultura do mamão.
88

Interferência de pontas e volumes de pulverização na deposição da calda em duas cultivares de soja

Farinha, Juana Teresa Villalba [UNESP] 23 October 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-10-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:20:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 farinha_jtv_dr_botfca.pdf: 1265147 bytes, checksum: c22178a23947feb01985e4fb831eb20a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Com o objetivo de quantificar os depósitos da calda de pulverização através de diferentes pontas e volumes de pulverização nos estádios V3 (3 folhas verdadeiras) e R1 (inicio da floração) de soja, foram conduzidos dois experimentos na área didática do Departamento de Produção Vegetal, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas UNESP- Botucatu/SP. Cada experimento constitui-se nas cultivares CD 208 e CD 216 (crescimento determinado e indeterminado respectivamente) Os tratamentos avaliados foram: pontas de jato plano (AI 110015 a 150 L ha-1, AI 11002 a 200 e 250 L ha-1); pontas de jato plano duplo (TJ 60 11002 a 150, 200 e 250 L ha -1); pontas de jato cônico (TX-6 a 150, TX-8 a 200 e TX-10 a 250 L ha-1) e pontas de jato plano duplo e baixa deriva (DGTJ 110015 a 150 e DGTJ 11002 a 200 L ha-1), estas últimas avaliadas somente no estádio de R1. O delineamento utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. As aplicações foram realizadas com um pulverizador costal pressurizado a CO2, munido de barra com quatro pontas distanciadas de 0,5 m entre si, no momento em que cada cultivar alcançou os estádios V3 e R1. Para a avaliação da deposição foi utilizado na pulverização como traçador o corante Azul Brilhante 2 FD&C-1 (500 mg.L-1). De cada repetição foram coletadas 25 plantas, às quais foram adicionadas 100 ou 200 mL de água destilada para a extração do traçador , nos estádios V3 e R1, respectivamente. A determinação dos depósitos foi realizada por espectrofotometria e a leitura de absorbância no comprimento de onda de 630 nm. Os dados foram transformados em valores de depósitos por grama de massa seca e ajustados às curvas de regressão pelo modelo de Gompertz. O cálculo da moda foi realizado para determinar os valores de depósitos de máxima freqüência. Os resultados indicaram que a deposição... / This study aimed to quantify spraying deposits in two soybean cultivars (208 CD and CD 216) at V3 stage (3 true leaves) and R1 stage (beginning of the budding) through different nozzles and volumes of spraying. For this purpose, two experiments, one with each cultivar, were conducted in the didactic area of the Agricultural Department, Agricultural College UNESP- Botucatu/SP consisting in eleven treatments: flatfan ( AI 110015 at 100 L ha-1, AI 11002 at 150 and 200 L ha-1); twin flat-fan nozzle (TJ 60 11002 at 150, 200 and 250 L ha -1); conical nozzle (TX-6 at 150, TX-8 at 200 and TX-10 at 250 L ha-1) and twin flat-fan and low drift nozzle (DGTJ 110015 at 150 and DGTJ 11002 at 200 L ha-1), these last ones only in the growth stadium of R1. The experimental design was randomized block, with four replicates. A CO2 - pressurized sprayer with a 0,5 m distance between nozzles was used. Deposition was evaluated by using 500 mg.L-1 of Brilliant Blue dye FD&C-1 in the spraying . At V3 and R1 grown stages, 25 plants were collected in each replication respectively, and by adding 100 and 200 mL of distilled water then courante was extracted. Deposited content was determined by spectrophotometry reading the absorbance at 4 630 nm wave length and data transformed into deposits per gram of dry matter. Gompertz model was used to adjust regression curves and ANOVA to determine deposits values of maximum frequency. Results indicated that deposition was superior at V3 stage for both cultivars being 2 and 3,5 superior than deposition at R1 for CD 208 and CD 216, respectively. In cultivar CD 208 at V3 stage, deposition was superior in treatments with the highest volume of 250 L.ha-1 independently the nozzle used and with the TX 8 nozzle using 200 L.ha-1 The higher variation between the unitary deposits was observed for the TJ nozzles with 150 and 200 L.ha-1 . At R1, all treatments except... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
89

Investigação da indução de engasgamento em tubeira DeLAVAL para motor-foguete por intermédio do prolongamento da garganta / Investigation of choking induction in a DeLaval nozzle of a rocket motor by a means of extending the throat lenght

Dawson Tadeu Izola 17 October 2013 (has links)
A condição ótima de funcionamento de uma tubeira em um motor foguete com escoamento isentrópico, implica que a velocidade na garganta (seção de menor área) seja equivalente à velocidade do som local, condição de Mach 1 e bocal engasgado. Pode-se alcançar essa condição reduzindo a área da seção do escoamento até a área crítica, velocidade sônica. Após a garganta acontece a expansão e se alcança velocidades supersônicas no divergente. Para manter a condição de Mach 1 na garganta em motores foguetes, trabalha-se com pressões superiores à necessária para se engasgar o bocal. Isto ocorre porque tenta-se compensar instabilidades ou variações de volumes produzidos na combustão ou queima. Usando uma pressão de trabalho maior, impõe-se que a condição de Mach 1 fique mantida durante toda a queima do combustível, isso implica em usar tubos mais resistentes à pressão e maior massa do tubo-motor. Observou-se experimentalmente que em algumas situações construtivas se podem modificar a pressão e temperatura necessárias para engasgar o bocal aumentando o comprimento da garganta. O comprimento do estrangulamento pode estabelecer uma condição para formação e evolução da camada limite e esta condição restringir a área nominal, modificando o regime do escoamento. Um equipamento especialmente desenvolvido para esse ensaio compara resultados de cinco modelos de motores, divididos em dois grupos, cada grupo com áreas de entrada, garganta e saída iguais, porém com comprimentos diferentes de garganta. Em análise experimental, observou-se que a pressão de trabalho e a temperatura são influenciadas pelo comprimento da garganta, interferindo na relação entre as pressões internas e de garganta e apresentando condições de engasgamento mensuráveis. Essas medidas foram conduzidas no presente estudo de doutorado. / The optimum operational condition of a rocket motor nozzle with isentropic flow implies that the velocity at the throat (the section with smallest area) is equivalent to the speed of the local sound. This speed is also called Mach 1 and it is said that at this condition the nozzle is choking. One can achieve this condition by reducing the cross-sectional area of the flow to the critical area resulting in a sonic speed. Beyond the nozzle throat, in the divergent section of the motor, flow expansion occurs and reaches supersonic speeds. To maintain the condition of Mach 1 at the throat, higher pressures than the one necessary to choke the nozzle are applied. This practice is done in order to compensate for jitter or variations of volumes produced in the combustion process. Using a higher operating pressure guarantees that a Mach 1 speed is maintained throughout the combustion process. Consequently, due to this higher operating pressure, more resistant tubes are needed to withstand this higher pressure and an increase in the motor weight is inevitable. It was observed experimentally that some constructional modifications of the motor can alter the pressure and temperature required for choking. This was noted with increasing the bottleneck length of the nozzle throat which was able to establish a condition for the formation and evolution of the boundary layer, restricting the nominal area and thus modifying the flow regime. In this study, the results of five engine models are compared using a specially designed equipment. The rockets were divided into two groups, each with equal inlet, throat, and exit areas, but having different throat lengths. In experimental analysis, it was observed that the working pressure and temperature are influenced by the length of the throat, interfering in the relationship between the internal pressures and throat presenting measurable choking conditions which were conducted in this doctorate thesis study.
90

Mixing Enhancement Studies on Supersonic Elliptic Sharp Tipped Shallow (ESTS) Lobed Nozzles

Varghese, Albin B M January 2016 (has links) (PDF)
Rapid mixing and spreading of supersonic jets are two important characteristics in supersonic ejectors, noise reduction in jets and fuel mixing in supersonic combustion. It helps in changing the acoustic and thermal signature in supersonic exhaust. The supersonic nozzles in most cases result in compressible mixing layers. The subsonic nozzles form incompressible mixing layers but at high Mach numbers even they form compressible mixing layers. Compressible mixing layers have been found to have much lower mixing and spreading rates than incompressible mixing layer Birch & Eggers (1972). In order to enhance the spreading and mixing of mixing layers from supersonic nozzles various active and passive methods have been deviced. Active methods include fluid injection, fluid lobes and plasma actuation. Passive methods are mostly based on modifying the nozzle geometry such that the fluid expansion is ideal or the shock cell is broken. Many nozzles with exotic shapes have been developed to obtain mixing enhancements in supersonic jets Gutmark et al. (1995). To achieve enhanced mixing an innovative nozzle named as the Elliptic Sharp Tipped Shallow (ESTS) lobed nozzle has been developed in L.H.S.R., I.I.Sc., India Rao & Jagadeesh (2014). This nozzle has a unique geometry involving elliptical lobes and sharp tips. These lobes are generated using a simple manufacturing process from the throat to the exit. This lobed and sharp tipped structure introduces stream wise vortices and azimuthal velocity components which must help in enhanced mixing and spreading. The ESTS lobed nozzle has shown mixing enhancement with 4 lobes. The spreading rate was found to be double of the reference conical nozzle. This thesis is motivated by the need to investigate the flow physics involved in the ESTS lobed nozzle. The effect of varying the number of lobes and the design Mach number of the nozzle on the mixing and spreading characteristics will be further discussed. Visualisation studies have been performed. The schlieren and planar LASER Mie scattering techniques have been used to probe the flow. Instantaneous images were taken at axial planes with the reference conical and ESTS nozzles with three, four, five and six lobes. The nozzles are for design Mach number 2.0 and 2.5. The stagnation chamber pressure was maintained to obtain over expanded, ideally expanded and under expanded flows. LASER scattering was obtained by seeding the flow with water to observe the behaviour of the primary flow. The condensation of moisture due to the cold primary flow mixing with the ambient air was exploited to scatter laser and observe the flow structures in the mixing layer. A comparison of the images of the reference conical nozzle and the ESTS lobed nozzles shows changes in the mixing layers due to the ESTS lobed nozzles. The image of the reference conical nozzle shows a distinct potential core and mixing layers all along the length of the image. For the ESTS lobed nozzles this distinction becomes unclear shortly after the nozzle exit. Thus mixing of the primary flow and ambient air is seen to be enhanced in the case of all the ESTS lobed nozzles. The flow in the case of the ESTS lobed nozzles if found to be highly non axis symmetric. The starting process of the nozzles has been visualised using time resolved schlieren. Image processing was performed on the nozzles to quantify the spread rate. The shock structure of the nozzles has been studied and found to be modified due to the lobed geometry. The level of convolution of the mixing layer due to the lobed structure has been studied using fractal analysis. The four lobed nozzle was found to have the highest spread rate and th most convoluted shear layer. Hence this nozzle was further studied using background oriented schlieren and particle image velocimetry to quantify the flow field. These experimental results have been compared with CFD simulations using the commercial software CFX5. The computations and experiments don’t match accurately but the trends match. This allows for simulations to be used as a good first approximation. The acoustic properties of a jet are dependent on the flow structure behaviour. The ESTS lobes have been found to change the flow structure. Hence the ESTS lobed nozzle was predicted to change the acoustic signature of the flow. The acoustic measurements of the flow were carried out at National Aerospace Laboratories, Bengaluru. The screech of the overexpanded flow was seen to be eliminated and the overall sound levels were found to have been reduced in all cases. Thus the lobed nozzle was found to have acoustic benefits over the reference conical nozzle. Thus the ESTS lobed nozzle has been studied and compared with the conical nozzle using several methods. The changes due to the lobed structure have been studied quantitatively. Future studies would focus on the change in thrust due to the lobed structure. Also new geometries have been proposed inspired by the current design but with possible thrust benefits or manufacturing benefits.

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