Background: Cannabis has been legalized in Canada since October 2018 and shown to be effective for chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN). Purpose: Guided by the Ottawa Model of Research use, the aim was to determine factors influencing oncology nurses discussing cannabis use with patients experiencing CIN. Part I: A literature review to identify oncology nurses’ practices, knowledge, and attitude toward providing guidance on cannabis use for patients with CIN. Twelve articles were included. Results showed that health care professionals were hesitant to provide guidance for patients on using cannabis for medical purposes. But no studies specifically focus on nurses and CIN. Part II: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using survey methods. Twenty-five Canadian oncology nurses responded to the survey. Half (n=11) correctly answered the knowledge question about the effectiveness of cannabis. Most (n=18) did not feel confident providing guidance on use of cannabis for CIN. The top three barriers identified are social stigma, lack of knowledge, and lack of support in the workplace. Conclusion: Few Canadian oncology nurses discuss cannabis use for CIN. Identified barriers need to be addressed for oncology nurses to be prepared to discuss use of cannabis for CIN.

As of 2007, approximately 2 to 3 million children and adolescents in the United States had been identified as deaf or hard of hearing. These children are affected by all of the same health issues as hearing children, but are presented with an added challenge of communication with hearing nurses who are not always prepared with ways to understand and communicate with them. As a result, deaf and hard of hearing children are at a greater risk for misguided treatment of health disorders, especially the undertreatment of pain. It is imperative that nurses understand ways to best interpret nonverbal communication from these children and to effectively respond to these children nonverbally. Current research has neglected discovering and discussing ways to improve communication with deaf, hard of hearing and nonverbal children, focusing instead on improving verbal communication between nurses and parents, thereby leaving children as passive participants in their own health care. The results of this integrated literature review present simple and effective strategies nurses can implement into daily practice to facilitate communication nonverbally with deaf and hard of hearing children. The use of appropriate technology and assessment tools, better understanding and enhanced use of facial expressions, eye gaze, touch, presence, and personal space were examined. The writing of this review is an effort to encourage nurses and nursing educators to integrate culturally competent care of deaf and hard of hearing children into everyday nursing practice and into a nursing educational curriculum.

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Introduction & Background: Asthma is a common respiratory disease that is diagnosed in children across the United States. Children living in larger cities obtain worse symptoms due to environmental triggers. American children, who live in big cities, with an asthma diagnosis require sufficient nursing care to make their diagnosis manageable. Purpose Statement & Research Question: Our PICOT question was “What does nursing care look like for a child living in a large city, in the United States, who has asthma?”. Literature Review: The study consists of six peer-reviewed articles chosen from online databases such as CINHL and PubMed. Findings: In the annotated studies, environmental factors were found to be the leading trigger for asthma children in the United States. It was also proven that nurses with experience in the care of asthma provided better care to their asthma patients. Additionally, there is no correlation between asthma and obesity, but starting immunotherapy in children can better quality of life in children with asthma. Conclusion & Nursing Implications: Considering our findings, the best way to provide nursing care to children with asthma is to improve air quality. Nurses can recommend products for parents and families to install in their homes to better the air quality for the benefit of their children. Parents can also limit the harmful products and factors children are around such as smoking, vaping, mold growth, insect infestation, dust, and kerosene. Limiting these factors will improve the quality of life of these children and decrease the chances of asthma attacks and flare ups.

Improvement of patient care in any hospital depends primarily on the quality of nursing care. Nursing care is enhanced by the nursing process, which outlines the nursing activities to be provided for a patient. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent the nursing process could improve the quality of nursing care, and to explore the knowledge limitations of nursing staff in implementing the nursing process, nursing care planning and proper documentation. Quantitative research, making use of an exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was conducted, utilising a structured questionnaire for data collection. Registered nurses (n=120) employed at a Referral Hospital in Tanzania served as the respondents. The findings revealed a lack of knowledge in understanding and applying the concepts of the nursing process, especially in formulating the nursing diagnosis. Recommendations pertaining to a focused in-service training programme, integrating theory and practice, were made to enhance the effective implementation of the nursing process. / Health Studies / MA (Health Studies)

A major goal in the care of patients with neurological problems is to prevent or minimize episodes of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Elevations in ICP in response to nursing interventions have been acknowledged since the 1960’s when ICP monitoring was first introduced in the clinical setting. Until recently few studies have specifically examined the effect of oral care on ICP and oral care and other hygiene measures were combined or not specified, prohibiting a direct interpretation of the influence of oral care alone on ICP. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between routine oral care interventions and the changes in ICP specifically focusing on the effect of intensity and duration of this intervention. Twenty-three patients with a clinical condition requiring ICP monitoring were enrolled over a 12 month period. Oral care provided by neuroscience intensive care nurses was observed and videotaped. Characteristics of the intervention were documented including products used, patient positioning, and duration of the intervention. A 1-5 subjective scale was used to score intensity of oral care. Wrist actigraphy data were collected from the nurses to provide an objective measure of intensity. Patient physiologic data were collected at 12 second epochs 5 minutes before, during and 5 minutes after oral care. The mixed effect repeated measures ANOVA model indicated that there was a statistically significant increase in ICP in response to oral care (p=0.0031). There was, however, no clinically significant effect on ICP. This study provides evidence that oral care is safe to perform in patients in the absence of pre-existing elevated ICP.

The thesis is focused on nursing care of patient with tracheostomy cannula from the perspective of nurses at the Department of the intensive care or Intensive Care Units. It consists of theoretical and empirical part. Essential terminology, anatomy and physiology of the airways, historical aspects of surgical procedures and types of tracheostomy tubes are described in the theoretical part. Moreover, there are discussed modern surgical techniques, indication and possible complication. The next theoretical chapter is focused on the nursing care. The last chapter deals with the different alternatives of communication of the patient with tracheostomy tubes. The research part uses questionnaires as a quantitative research method. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the theoretical knowledge of the nurses in their care of the patient with tracheotomy tubes and knowledge how to communicate with this patient. The statistically significant results are also listed and discussed. The last part concludes with the recommendations of the best practice in the care of the patient with the tracheostomy tubes. keywords tracheostomy, airway, tracheostomy tube, nursing care

Basic theoretical standpoints: This Dissertation has been focused on problems on functional changes and illnesses in old age and seniors' activation. An aging of the population is constantly growing in developed countries of which could be deducted naturally increasing interest in this issue. Health care staff is confronted with greater number of elderly people thus as very important aspects are the ability of nurses to recognize their needs and to look at the old age as a natural part of human life. The support of seniors' self-care and their activation should be the main objective of health care staff. Aims of the Dissertation: Three aims were identified to find out specific problems of nursing care with communications between the nurse and the elderly, to examine options of their activation such as a prevention of communications barriers and lastly to discover nurses' knowledgeable regarding the seniors' activation in the context of effective leadership communication. Following research questions for these targets were established: What are the most common problems that nurses deal with regarding the activation in communication in nursing care homes for elderly? What are the possibilities of seniors' activation as prevention of complications in communications in nursing care homes for elderly? What the nurses' skills are regarding seniors' activation in communications in nursing care homes for elderly? Methodology: This Dissertation "Problems of seniors' activation in the context of nursing care communication in nursing care homes for elderly" is composed according to qualitative research method laid out in two parts. The first one, data collection was implemented by depth semi-structured interviews with nurses from nursing care homes for elderly. The exact transcription of the interviews were analysed by open-coding technique, codes were sorted into categories a arise subcategories, arranged into clear diagrams. Covert surveillance method was used as a second part of this research. Those records were entered into the observation chart and then subsequently described. The research took place from 12th February to 20th April 2015. Results: This research shows that all nurses know specific problems of communication with seniors in the context of their care in nursing care homes for elderly, who are also psychologically stressful for them. It also shows that greater number of nurses deemed seniors' activation as activation programs only provided by nursing care homes for elderly. The elderly, according to some senior nurses, are due to deterioration of their mental or physical condition without any activation. Almost all nurses are educated in the seniors' activation and communication by seminars and lectures organized by nursing care homes for elderly which are paid by the employer. All nurses considered their education in activation and communication area as a contribution to increase knowledge and improve nursing care. During this second phase was found that four out of ten nurses performed almost the entire care of the morning hygiene for seniors without their help. Some of the nurses neglected to ask whether seniors would wish to perform their own hygiene without their help. Therefore four nurses do not activate seniors during the morning hygiene and some nurses communicate with seniors inappropriately. Conclusion:We think that nurses should have more education in activation and communication area. Their education will mainly bring theoretical knowledge that helps them to deal with problematic situation in nursing care for elderly. The outcome of this Dissertation was meeting with head nurses from nursing care homes for elderly where we presented our results gained by this research. They promised to consult it with rest of the nurses and to implement other seminar on seniors activation with communication.

Patient outcomes are influenced by the quality of care that the workforce renders. The registered nurse, as designated process-owner of the “Back to basics” quality improvement (QI) initiative, plays a vital role, being responsible for providing compassionate patient-centred care to alleviate suffering and restore health. The aim of the study was to gain an in-depth understanding of how nurses perceive their roles, responsibilities and challenges in delivering basic nursing care, linked to the organisational “Back to basics” QI initiative. A qualitative study with an explorative descriptive contextual design was utilised. Registered nurses with a direct patient care involvement in the general nursing discipline of a private hospital group participated in focus-group interviews. Data were analysed using Creswell’s data-analysis cycle. Findings were that patient care coordination involves an assessment-delegation-supervision triad. However, meeting stakeholder expectations, management and administrative responsibilities, remove the registered nurse from direct patient care. Time constraints affect physical bedside availability to model the exemplary knowledge, skills and attitudes underlying quality basic nursing care delivery. Reduced opportunities to model quality basic nursing care at the bedside affect patients’ care expectations, resulting in complaints related to basic nursing care omissions. Participants felt that they needed more clarification on the “Back to basics” QI initiative, and more in-service training. The many broad-ranging recommendations include in-service training that empowers registered nurses with the competencies to deal with role and task balance in the face of the diverse and complex demands of the modern healthcare arena. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

The thesis titled Nursing Care Provided by Nuns from 19thCentrury to thePresent Days is based on only theoretical materials. It tries to gather the overview of this historical field focusing on the importance of nuns for nursing care. The aim of this thesis was to chart the history of order nursing care based on available literature and to find a parallel with the present. There is also a characteristics of the period. The social, economic, political and religious influences, that have effect on religious orderes, cause many successes and failures. To acquire the awareness of historical connections which are captured on the following pages, it was necessary to study a great number of bibliographic publications and sources. I used the method of synthesis, proposal and demonstration. Using these methods should help to be well informed about this issue, submit important facts and mark the importance of nuns´ nursing care. Acquired knowledge is thoroughly processed into individual chapters by arrangements and its context. The significant resourceswere unpublished materials from church orders and interviews with nuns. One big part of information is from historical magazines and from sources in the National Archive and the Archive of the Capital of Prague. The thesis should serve all people who want to get to know their job from a different point of view and consider how the faith could lead a person to support and determination to work unselfishly and with self-sacrification for others who suffer from illnesses and poverty. It is exactly this unselfish and self-sacrificing work of nuns which can be an example for us how to treat the patiens with respect and understanding.