The thesis is focused on the lifestyle of people with elevated cholesterol level. Fundamental terms, which are basic for the topic, are explained. The latest findings stated in professional literature on lifestyle, health, diseases, health promotion and health prevention are presented. The most recent statistical results are mentioned The first section of the thesis is focused on the issue in general, i.e. on lifestyle, the definition of health and its determinants, nutrition and stress. A large section is devoted to determinants of health that significantly affect human health. These are healthcare, genetics, environmental impacts. Therefore, the great importance of our lifestyle, which may be influenced by smoking, stress, physical activity, drug use, alcohol consumption and diet, is demonstrated. A large part of our activities can be positively influenced by ourselves. The determinants and their effects on human body are mentioned. The main focus is put on diseases associated with elevated cholesterol levels, where cardiovascular disease stands first. Another aspect makes a positive side and this is healthy lifestyle. Healthy lifestyle and practices how to positively influence our health are characterized. A specific decalogue, giving certain constrains, is outlined. And also the irreplaceable role of prevention and health promotion, which is one of activities of the public health protection authorities, is mentioned. The projects of the World Health Organization also contribute to the population health promotion. The project Health 21 is also mentioned in this thesis. The objective of this study was to analyze the results of cholesterol tests in the framework of a screening program in the South Bohemian Region carried out over the period of three years. A sub-objective was to determine the lifestyle changes in clients with the decrease in blood cholesterol levels. The main hypothesis is ? there is a rising trend in elevated cholesterol levels in the blood In the practical section the results obtained from the qualitative research focused on the lifestyle of people with elevated cholesterol levels are presented. The issues concerning their lifestyle such as physical activity, stress, smoking, dietary habits, fluid intake and sleep are investigated. The questionnaire survey and the subsequent analysis of the data obtained have shown that these persons have a more responsible approach to their lifestyle. They admit that the results of the tests focused on cholesterol levels positively affect their lifestyle. The majority of respondents positively affect their lifestyle according to theoretical recommendations. Comprehensive investigation has proved that the overall lifestyle is comparable to the general population.

Crucial goal of this diploma thesis was to study nourishment issues of students at Czech Universities and compare results with figures taken from central Europe location. Further objectives were to characterize segments of human body, select risk parameters and characterize the method of bioelectric impedance. In practical part of this thesis was made analysis, which showed changes of the students' body composition during their studies at Mendel University. Measuring were made by bioelectric impendance using Bodystat QuadScan 4000. Analysis took place from the beginning of March 2013 to the end of September 2013. Students undertook three measurements, which were compared afterwards. Mainly were observed changes in Body Mass Index, Waist Hip Ratio, weight, fat content, amount of active body mass, water capacity and water separation to extracellular and intracellular. In between first, second and third (3/2013, 5/2013, 9/2013) measurements, were not proven any statistic differences (p > 0,05) in observed corporal parameters. Practical part includes also questionnaires, which were made in order to find out students' eating habits, physical ability and presence of illnesses in their family. Last point of the practical part is students' diet evaluation in Fit Line program, there were discovered preferences of groups of food, energy distribution and nutritive composition of each meal measured during one day. Statistically conclusive difference of saccharids (p < 0,05) was detected in all meal portions. Obtained date, were evaluated in Microsoft Excel 2010 and Statistika Cz, version 12.

The thesis deals with an issue of healthy lifestyle, focusing especially on the young population. The project is divided into two parts. The first part is devoted to the theoretical solutions and defines in detail the concepts related to the topic. It deals with important areas of healthy lifestyles, especially nutrition and physical activity. Presents the principles of rational nutrition and describes the influences on young people today. It describes the consequences of improper diet and the current situation regarding overweight and obesity. The second part is focused on detailed analysis of selected institution, which is a sports club JNS Cheerleaders. This part is trying to determine whether a candidate institutions fulfill their public mission in a healthy lifestyle and whether has for this purpose sufficient funds. The final section contains a summary of the whole problem, interpret the results and submit proposals that could improve the functioning of sports club and help lead the young population to a healthy lifestyle.

Childhood overweight and obesity is a present issue not only in the Czech Republic, but worldwide. The main objective of this thesis was to assess overweight and obesity in children of primary school age in towns and in villages in the Central Bohemian Region and to focus on their alimentation habits and physical activity. The thesis consists of two parts. The first theoretical part describes the characteristics of primary school age, introduction to the topic, epidemiology, causes of the origin, types of obesity, diagnostics, problems of obese children, nutrition of children and adolescents and their alimentation habits, prevention, medical treatment, specific programs for the prevention and treatment of childhood overweight and obesity and an overview of the myths about childhood obesity. The second practical part of the thesis includes questionnaire study implemented within the 4th grade of chosen urban and non-urban schools in the Central Bohemian Region and semi-structured interview with mother of a child suffering from overweight since early age. The survey included 155 pupils of the 4th grade from two urban and five non-urban schools of the Central Bohemian Region. The results of the questionnaire study proved that 23 % of urban and 20 % of non-urban pupils suffer from overweight and obesity. An important factor is their different lifestyle. Non-urban children spend their leisure time in a passive way, they prefer playing PC games to physical activities, attend less extra sport classes and consume more sweets than urban children. More urban pupils consume three to four meals on a daily basis in contrast with non-urban pupils who tend to consume five to six portions. Most prefer healthy food to unhealthy food and tend to eat mainly czech dishes at home. 90% of the questioned children expressed positive attitude to sport. More than half of the children suffering from overweight and obesity do not practice any sport or physical activities sufficiently. Due to the importance of regular alimentation and consumption of breakfast and snacks, it is a positive finding that three quarters of the children have breakfast regularly and bring home-made snacks to school. The semi-structured interview with mother of an overweight child proved that overweight is not caused by overeating and by a passive lifestyle but also by genetic predisposition. In the conclusion, the author presents the outcome of the work and a general primary prevention at family level, school level and community level.

The main aim of this thesis was identify nutritional status, especially the incidence of overweight and obesity among children aged 10 - 15 years and evaluate the qualitative and quantitative aspects of eating, eating habits and regularity of eating in relationship to physical parameters. This research deals with the frequency and type of physical activity, which is also an integral part of a healthy lifestyle. The research was conducted at children´s department in Klaudián´s hospital in Mladá Boleslav, in the presence of person, who was carried out this research. Data collection was carried out by filling questionnaires and real measurements of physical parameters or using data measured in the doctor´s office. Obtained anthropometric data were analyzed by using percentile graphs. Questions regarding eating and physical activities were evaluated separately. It was found that 16,25 % of the 80 examined individuals were overweight and 22,50 % obese. It was found that the BMI and subsequent inclusion in the percentile graphs correlates well with the values of the waist circumference.The link between diet and the prevalence of overweight or obesity was not proven. The most commonly consumed inappropriate nutrition component are sweetened beverage. Half of individuals do physical activity at least 3 times a week. H1 hypothesis, which assumed the prevalence of obesity among examined individuals greater than 13 % was confirmed. It also was confirmed hypothesis H3, which was supposed to sweetened drinks daily drinking less than one third of respondents. Other hypotheses H2 and H4 were rejected.The research confirmed the current trend of increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity. At the same time, there was found deficiency in the quality of consumed food and the frequency of physical activity. Nutrition and principles of healthy eating are not the only one cause of this problem, although they have large share on development of overweight and obesity.

School lunches are a part of a day for almost every child, therefore it is important to serve nutritionally balanced meals in canteen and to supply children with nutrients. School canteens are important educational resources, providing a model that guides student food choices and composition of their meal could be a possible mechanism for child obesity prevention, what has become a phenomenon of these days. According to the regulation of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports no. 107/2005 Coll. a school lunch should provide 35% of the daily income of energy. In this work were evaluated lunches of two Czech elementary schools in period of 10 days. The nutritional value of meals was evaluated by lists of used food processing and subsequent their comparison with recommended doses in the Nutriservis program. The results of comparing with recommended values were similar for both schools. Lunches at both schools exceeded the recommended daily dose prescribed for protein, sodium, potassium and vitamin C. Contrary calcium had not reached the recommended daily dose anytime. We can´t conclusively say, that the school served meals were unsuitable, because the meal consumed during the rest of the day is not included.

The diploma thesis deals with childhood obesity and its treatment success during reduction program in the spa. The introductory part describes metabolism, metabolism of nutrients and their need for children. There is characterized childhood obesity, causes of its origin, various complication and its treatment as well. The main objective of the practical part is assessment of the treatment efficiency in the spa. This assessment is based on physical parameters measurement including changes in body weight, amount of adipose tissue and muscle tissue. The physical parameters were always measured at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Consequently, there was performed comparison between children of different sexes and different age. The thesis also includes an evaluation of typical weekly diet and level of physical activity.

My thesis is focused on the weekly physical activity range of students of the University of South Bohemia and the impact of these activities on their health. The reference set are students of full time bachelor and engineering degree programs of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. Physical activity is defined within the theoretical part of the thesis, and is briefly elaborated beyond its basic classification. The remaining chapters are mostly devoted to the influence of physical activities on the diseases called ?civilization diseases?. Other diseases are also described in the context of physical activity in relation to health. In the practical part of the thesis, the results of physical activities are processed and the health status of the students put into context. The aim is to map the range of physical activities of students of the South Bohemian University, determine their impact on health and to make a connection between the range of these activities and BMI values. The research has shown a correlation between the extent of physical activity and health status. This piece of work could be used as a comprehensive source of information relating to the impact of physical activity on human health, and as motivational material for parts of the population living a sedentary life. The thesis is also a documentation of South Bohemian University students´ physical activity in 2012, and sets out information indicative of their health.

Obesity is considered to be a worldwide epidemic disease characterized by an accumulation of AT. Increased adiposity can perturb normal metabolic functions and lead to the development of diseases like insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders. A large amount of clinical studies have been shown that changes in inflammatory signaling in adipose tissue cells, increased infiltration of immune cells into AT as well as stress of endoplasmic reticulum belong to the key molecular steps leading to the development of metabolic disturbances associated with this disease. Adverse metabolic effects of AT accumulation can be diminished by calorie restriction resulting in weight loss. In addition, stress of endoplasmic reticulum could be alleviated by chemical chaperones including bile acids. These two approaches for the treatment of obesity or the obesity-associated disturbances were basis for this PhD thesis. In the first part of this work, we studied inflammation status of gluteal in comparison with abdominal AT and differentiation and secretory capacity of adipocytes after weight loss in obese patients. We revealed that inflammatory profile of gluteal AT, estimated by mRNA level of macrophages and cytokines as markers of inflammatory status of the body, did not explain the different clinical impact of...

The goal of this diploma thesis is to evaluate changes in the body structure, selected laboratory values and blood pressure for patients with prediabetes or diabetes mellitus of 2nd type who attended nutritional therapy in diabetic ambulance. The patients were divided in 2 groups based on their preferences. The first monitored group monitored energy intakes and expenditures on web page www.kaloricketabulky.cz. The first group had also an opportunity to be supervised or to communicate with its nutritional therapist on web page www.casprozdravi.cz. The second monitored group monitored energy intakes and expenditures manually in the diabetic notebook. The body changes were monitored by bioelectric impedance scale Tanita BC-545 N during each consultation. Laboratory values were taken on consultation 1 and 5. The blood pressure was measured on consultation 1 and 5. Rated values - overall body weight, waistline, percentage of body fat, glycemia, HbA1c, overall cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure. The results of this research were weight reduction in both groups by an average of 3.2 %, waistline by 4.5 %, body fat by 1.7 %, glycemia by 16 %, HbA1C by 28.6 %, overall cholesterol by 15.1 %, HDL cholesterol by 6.5 %, LDL cholesterol by 23.6 %, triglycerides by...