A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) vem apresentando aumento progressivo, sendo a causa de demência mais comum nos idosos (acima de 60 anos). Diante disso, há preocupação com alterações do estado de saúde dos cuidadores que compreendem na sua maioria familiares. Cuidar dos pacientes com demência por Doença de Alzheimer pode levar ao estresse crônico e má qualidade de vida. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar fatores de risco cardiovascular, cognição e humor em cuidadoras idosas de pacientes com demência por Doença de Alzheimer, comparando-as com as não cuidadoras. As cuidadoras foram selecionadas por meio da revisão de prontuários do Hospital das Clínicas e do Centro de Saúde Escola da FMRP-USP. As idosas do grupo controle foram selecionadas na mesma área de moradia das idosas cuidadoras. Todas as participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Foram realizadas visitas previamente agendadas na casa de todas as participantes. Critérios de exclusão: diabetes; neoplasias malignas e doenças autoimunes, além de outras doenças debilitantes. Foram avaliadas idade, escolaridade, peso, altura, circunferência abdominal e Indice de Massa corpórea (IMC). Foi realizada avaliação laboratorial: dosagem de insulina de jejum; glicemia de jejum; colesterol total e HDL; triglicérides; creatinina; ureia; sódio; potássio; cálcio e TSH. Além disso, foi feita a avaliação da pressão arterial (PA) em domicílio pela pesquisadora e com a Medida Residencial de Pressão Arterial (MRPA), além da avaliação da cognição e humor, com a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). A análise estatística foi realizada com o Teste Quiquadrado, Teste \"t\" de Student, Mann-Whiney e regressão logística simples e múltipla para a estimação do Odds Ratio bruto e ajustado (ORA). Foram avaliadas 62 idosas, sendo 31 cuidadoras de pacientes com Doença de Alzheimer e 31 do grupo controle. Verificou-se que os níveis de colesterol total foram mais elevados em idosas cuidadoras. Não houve diferenças entre os valores de PA sistólica e diastólica entre os grupos em relação às medidas realizadas pela pesquisadora e com a MRPA. De acordo com os resultados, as idosas cuidadoras apresentaram rastreio positivo para depressão em 58%, enquanto que o grupo controle apresentou apenas 16% (ORA=6,62, p<0,01). Em relação ao diagnóstico feito pelo M.I.N.I, 38,7% das cuidadoras apresentaram episódio depressivo, sendo superior ao controle (9,7%) (ORA=5,42, p=0,02). Verificouse que 35,5% das cuidadoras apresentaram transtorno de ansiedade diagnosticado, com 16% no grupo controle (ORA=4,79, p=0,03). A presença do companheiro interferiu para que as cuidadoras apresentassem mais transtorno de ansiedade (p=0,04). Não houve diferença entre a cognição dos grupos pela avaliação do MEEM. Cuidadoras idosas de pacientes dementados com Doença de Alzheimer apresentaram níveis de colesterol mais elevados, mais episódios depressivos e mais transtorno de ansiedade do que as não cuidadoras. A presença do companheiro interferiu para que apresentassem mais transtorno de ansiedade / Alzheimer´s disease (AD) has shown a progressive increase in incidence, being the most common cause of dementia in the older individuals (above 60 years old). Therefore, there is concern with health status change in caregivers, who are mostly relatives. Taking care of AD patients with dementia can lead to chronic stress and poor quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors, cognition and mood in older caregivers of patients with AD dementia, comparing them with non-caregivers. The caregivers were selected through the review of the Hospital\'s medical records and School Health Center of FMRP-USP. Control group of elderly women were selected in the same housing area of older caregivers. All participants signed a consent form. Visits were previously scheduled and were at the home of all participants. Exclusion criteria: diabetes; malignancies and autoimmune diseases, and other debilitating diseases. Were evaluated: age, education, weight, height, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). Laboratory testing was performed: fasting insulin; fasting glucose; Total and HDL cholesterol; triglycerides; creatinine; urea; sodium; potassium; calcium and TSH. In addition, blood pressure (BP) evaluation was made at home by the researcher and by the Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM), and the assessment of cognition and mood, with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini Exam Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-square test, test \"t\" test, Mann-whiney and multiple logistic regression and simple to estimate the gross and adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR). 62 older women were assessed, 31 caregivers of demented AD patients and 31 control group It was found that the total cholesterol levels were higher in elderly caregivers (AOR = 3.57, p = 0.03). There was no difference between the systolic and diastolic values between the groups in relation to the measures carried out by the researcher and HBPM. According to the results, older caregivers had a positive screening for depression in 58%, while the control group showed only 16% (AOR = 6.62, p <0.01). Regarding the diagnosis made by M.I.N.I, 38.7% of caregivers had depressive episode, higher than the control (9.7%) (AOR = 5.42, p = 0.02). It was found that 35.5% of caregivers had diagnosis of anxiety disorder, with 16% in the control group (AOR = 4.79, p = 0.03). The presence of the companion interfered, so that the caregivers presented more anxiety disorder (p = 0.04). There was no difference between cognition groups by assessing the MMSE. Concluding, caregivers of patients with AD have higher cholesterol levels, more depressive episodes and anxiety disorder than non-caregivers. The presence of the companion interfered to submit more anxiety disorder

Introduction: In Sweden today a third of all those 60+ live alone and the absolute number will continue to increase because of the aging population. The aim of this thesis was to identify if the subgroup, older individuals living alone, might be more disadvantaged in regard to the four key sources to vulnerability suggested by Mechanic and Tanner (2007): Poverty and low socioeconomic status, personal functions, low social network and lack of support, and physical location. Gender differences were also investigated.   Method: Data was from the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) collected in 2014. The total sample in this thesis includes 987 individuals with an age between 70-105. To estimate the current living conditions in regard to vulnerability among the subgroup, five dimensions of vulnerability were analyzed with multiple logistic and linear regressions.   Results: More disadvantages are found for those men and women living alone in all domains, except in social activity for women where living arrangement made no difference. Significant gender differences can be seen in depressive symptoms and social activity, but not for financial insecurity, mobility problems or living in a disorganized local community.   Conclusion: Men and women living alone are more disadvantaged compared to those living with a partner, according to the four key sources to vulnerability. With this deeper insight it is possible to obtain a greater understanding in where policies to support and strengthen this subgroup should be placed.

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) vem apresentando aumento progressivo, sendo a causa de demência mais comum nos idosos (acima de 60 anos). Diante disso, há preocupação com alterações do estado de saúde dos cuidadores que compreendem na sua maioria familiares. Cuidar dos pacientes com demência por Doença de Alzheimer pode levar ao estresse crônico e má qualidade de vida. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar fatores de risco cardiovascular, cognição e humor em cuidadoras idosas de pacientes com demência por Doença de Alzheimer, comparando-as com as não cuidadoras. As cuidadoras foram selecionadas por meio da revisão de prontuários do Hospital das Clínicas e do Centro de Saúde Escola da FMRP-USP. As idosas do grupo controle foram selecionadas na mesma área de moradia das idosas cuidadoras. Todas as participantes assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Foram realizadas visitas previamente agendadas na casa de todas as participantes. Critérios de exclusão: diabetes; neoplasias malignas e doenças autoimunes, além de outras doenças debilitantes. Foram avaliadas idade, escolaridade, peso, altura, circunferência abdominal e Indice de Massa corpórea (IMC). Foi realizada avaliação laboratorial: dosagem de insulina de jejum; glicemia de jejum; colesterol total e HDL; triglicérides; creatinina; ureia; sódio; potássio; cálcio e TSH. Além disso, foi feita a avaliação da pressão arterial (PA) em domicílio pela pesquisadora e com a Medida Residencial de Pressão Arterial (MRPA), além da avaliação da cognição e humor, com a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). A análise estatística foi realizada com o Teste Quiquadrado, Teste \"t\" de Student, Mann-Whiney e regressão logística simples e múltipla para a estimação do Odds Ratio bruto e ajustado (ORA). Foram avaliadas 62 idosas, sendo 31 cuidadoras de pacientes com Doença de Alzheimer e 31 do grupo controle. Verificou-se que os níveis de colesterol total foram mais elevados em idosas cuidadoras. Não houve diferenças entre os valores de PA sistólica e diastólica entre os grupos em relação às medidas realizadas pela pesquisadora e com a MRPA. De acordo com os resultados, as idosas cuidadoras apresentaram rastreio positivo para depressão em 58%, enquanto que o grupo controle apresentou apenas 16% (ORA=6,62, p<0,01). Em relação ao diagnóstico feito pelo M.I.N.I, 38,7% das cuidadoras apresentaram episódio depressivo, sendo superior ao controle (9,7%) (ORA=5,42, p=0,02). Verificouse que 35,5% das cuidadoras apresentaram transtorno de ansiedade diagnosticado, com 16% no grupo controle (ORA=4,79, p=0,03). A presença do companheiro interferiu para que as cuidadoras apresentassem mais transtorno de ansiedade (p=0,04). Não houve diferença entre a cognição dos grupos pela avaliação do MEEM. Cuidadoras idosas de pacientes dementados com Doença de Alzheimer apresentaram níveis de colesterol mais elevados, mais episódios depressivos e mais transtorno de ansiedade do que as não cuidadoras. A presença do companheiro interferiu para que apresentassem mais transtorno de ansiedade / Alzheimer´s disease (AD) has shown a progressive increase in incidence, being the most common cause of dementia in the older individuals (above 60 years old). Therefore, there is concern with health status change in caregivers, who are mostly relatives. Taking care of AD patients with dementia can lead to chronic stress and poor quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors, cognition and mood in older caregivers of patients with AD dementia, comparing them with non-caregivers. The caregivers were selected through the review of the Hospital\'s medical records and School Health Center of FMRP-USP. Control group of elderly women were selected in the same housing area of older caregivers. All participants signed a consent form. Visits were previously scheduled and were at the home of all participants. Exclusion criteria: diabetes; malignancies and autoimmune diseases, and other debilitating diseases. Were evaluated: age, education, weight, height, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). Laboratory testing was performed: fasting insulin; fasting glucose; Total and HDL cholesterol; triglycerides; creatinine; urea; sodium; potassium; calcium and TSH. In addition, blood pressure (BP) evaluation was made at home by the researcher and by the Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM), and the assessment of cognition and mood, with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini Exam Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Statistical analysis was performed with Chi-square test, test \"t\" test, Mann-whiney and multiple logistic regression and simple to estimate the gross and adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR). 62 older women were assessed, 31 caregivers of demented AD patients and 31 control group It was found that the total cholesterol levels were higher in elderly caregivers (AOR = 3.57, p = 0.03). There was no difference between the systolic and diastolic values between the groups in relation to the measures carried out by the researcher and HBPM. According to the results, older caregivers had a positive screening for depression in 58%, while the control group showed only 16% (AOR = 6.62, p <0.01). Regarding the diagnosis made by M.I.N.I, 38.7% of caregivers had depressive episode, higher than the control (9.7%) (AOR = 5.42, p = 0.02). It was found that 35.5% of caregivers had diagnosis of anxiety disorder, with 16% in the control group (AOR = 4.79, p = 0.03). The presence of the companion interfered, so that the caregivers presented more anxiety disorder (p = 0.04). There was no difference between cognition groups by assessing the MMSE. Concluding, caregivers of patients with AD have higher cholesterol levels, more depressive episodes and anxiety disorder than non-caregivers. The presence of the companion interfered to submit more anxiety disorder

Background: Frail older individuals run a greater risk of having to be cared for in hospital. Returning home after hospital discharge is often linked to an increased need for support from relatives or via care interventions. Close relatives experience worries, stress and despair linked to the older individuals return home. Nurses experience great importance in collaboration between nurses and the importance of participation and information to the elderly in the transition process. Purpose: The purpose was to shed light on older individuals' experiences of returning home after hospitalization. Method: Friberg's analysis method of processed material, which is called a general literature review. Results: The older individual have experiences of a transition process that involves reduced physical function and activity, dependence on caregivers and relatives, with emotions such as uncertainty, worry, fear, stress and frustration, with a lack of sufficient information. Conclusion: The experiences of the older individual show that there are areas in the transition process that the nurse can influence and improve in order to reduce the older individuals suffering in the transition process. / Bakgrund: Sköra äldre löper större risk att behöva vårdas på sjukhus, hemkomst efter sjukhusutskrivning kopplas ofta till ett ökat stödbehov från anhöriga eller via vårdinsattser. Anhöriga i sin tur erfar oro, stress och förtvivlan kopplat till den äldres hemkomst. Sjuksköterskor erfar stor vikt i samverkan mellan sjuksköterskor och vikten av delaktighet och information till den äldre i övergångsprocessen. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa äldres erfarenheter av att återvända hem efter sjukhusvistelse. Metod: Fribergs analysmetod av bearbetat material som kallas för allmän litteraturöversikt. Resultat: Äldre har erfarenheter om en övergångsprocess som innebär nedsatt kroppslig funktion och aktivitet, beroendeställning till vårdare samt anhöriga, med emotioner som osäkerhet, oro, rädsla, stress och frustration, med brist på tillräcklig information. Slutsats: Äldres erfarenheter tyder på att det finns områden i övergångsprocessen som sjuksköterskan kan påverka och förbättra för att minska den äldres lidande i övergångsprocessen.

No description available.

No description available.

Background Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) affected elderly individuals disproportionately in terms of hospitalization and adverse outcome. Objective This cross-sectional study examined the associations of COVID-19 diagnosis (COVID-negative versus COVID-positive) with levels of four clinical markers – cardiac troponin T (cTnT), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), D-dimer and b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) – along with potential differences in associations by sex in a hospital-based sample of elderly individuals. Methods The sample comprised individuals aged ≥80 years visiting the Emergency at Karolinska universitetssjukhuset (Huddinge) between January 2020 and December 2021 for whom data on polymerase chain reaction-based COVID-19 testing were available (n=2668). Plasma levels of the markers were measured using standard methods. Right skewed outcome variables were natural-log (Ln) transformed. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted. Results Participants’ median age was 87 years (interquartile range: 85–90) and 58.4% were female. Approximately 13% of the participants were COVID-19 positive. There was no statistically significant association between COVID-positive diagnosis and any of the markers after controlling for age and sex. On sex stratification, COVID-19 positive males had 55.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1%–138.4%; P=0.044) higher hsCRP levels than COVID-negative males. Additionally, age was positively associated with cTnT (Ln cTnT βadjusted: 0.041; 95% CI: 0.033–0.050; P&lt;0.001) and NT-proBNP (Ln NTproBNP βadjusted: 0.059; 95% CI: 0.015–0.102; P=0.008). Conclusion COVID-positive diagnosis was not related with the markers apart from a sex-specific, positive association with hsCRP observed among males. Future studies should explore the relationship of these markers with mortality to determine their prognostic utility among elderly individuals.