The intention of this master‘s thesis is the measurment of relative variance of optical intensity. In the first place, I have been studied Kolmogorov cascade theory of turbulence and relative variance of optical intensity . In addition, I have been deal with turbulent cells, Gaussian beam, Top Hat beam and influence of the atmospheric turbulences on the intensity profile of the laser beam. Lastly I have been measured determine influence of the atmospheric turbulences on the intensity profile of the laser beam and I have been calculated relative variance of optical intensity. I have suggested the optimum beam profile in the turbulent atmosphere from acquired data.

Nowdays, optical fibers are one of important parts of computer networks, especially for their ability to transfer information for long distance. This thesis doesn´t utilize optical fibers as carriers, but as sources of information, specifically as sensors intended to detect physical effects acting on the optical fiber, which is usually used for telecommunication purposes. Linear and nonlinear properties of the fiber are used to gain information about acting effects on the optical fiber.

This semestral work describes key concepts, principles and basic characteristics of optical fibers. Furthermore, the principles of phase mask and subsequent records of perpendicular or tilted structures in fiber are being discussed. The work also introduces the use of such structures in sensorics as well as its connection to Bragg grating. Considerable part of this thesis is dedicated to analysis and production of longitudinal structures in fibers.

This diploma thesis analyzes a structure of spot optical sensors with longitudinal grid and multiple Bragg grating and possibilities of spot optical sensors use and implementation in the industry. Basic principles of light propagation through optical environment are described in the introduction part, followed by description of phenomena in optical fibers and sensors. The distribution of fiber optic sensors and the use of optic fiber in spot mode is described further. The optical sensor system is designed on the basis of analysis with description of its construction at the end of this work. A significant part is devoted to the analysis of longitudinal structures in the fiber in response to multiple Bragg gratings, their subsequent manufacture and suggestion of use in sensors industry.

This diploma thesis describes the function of commonly used elements among optical network, with an emphasis on fiber optic sensors. The basics of optical transmission and types of fibers are described, in addition to active and passive optical components, optical splitters and couplers. Optical fiber sensors are divided in two groups: intrinsic and extrinsic. Interferometric types of sensors are described in detail. The thesis compares theoretical assumptions and practical measurements of two serially-connected couplers. A~new module fulfilling real optical coupler function was made using Matlab. This module can be implemented into the VPIphotonics library. Finally, interferometric function of two serially-connected couplers was tested.

The main subject of this diploma thesis is to make a proposal to improve the optical access network for the transmission of Triple play services. I would here to the reader clarify method of proposal of optical network. There are described the kinds of optical access networks with parameters, for which we must look by their construction. There are described the modern methods of construction optical network too. In the theoretical part are discussed used architecture of networks too. I met here known standards, which I compared for big importance by their choice. A reason of construction of optical network are services known like Triple play. These services together with their problems and parameters are here discussed too. At the end of theoretical part I listed here measuring method for getting negative attribute distorting the led signal. In practical part the locality witch use the optical signal as the source of information is ordered. These network use unfit connections and has less possibilities than usual and this is the reason, why is the network not able to supply Triple play in requested quality. At first the analysis of ordered network was needed. Situation was complicated by the fact, that it has been prohibited entrance to me. The structure of network and network parts was known and documented by me. I made the proposals to improve this network in practical part. By the first proposal remained original kind of access network FTTB, but used new parts with higher performance. By the second proposal I made the network FTTH, by which it was possible to use the last haul optical cables with treatment and using new elements. It was needed to create solution by flat units. The resulting proposals are here evaluated, compared and cost evaluated. For rejection of access to optical network I did not make measuring, so I made simulation for variant FTTH for getting some parameters negative acting transmission.

This thesis is focused on testing of a wooden plate with three methods of modal analysis: Chladni patterns method, multi-point measurement with microaccelerometers and optical scaning method using digital image correlation. Thesis is also focused on the procedure in the softwares, especially DEWESoft and DEWESoft FRF. The output of each method are pictures (and animation from the software DEWESoft FRF) of eigenmodes of a wooden plate at its own resonant frequencies. The methods were compared with each other and also with existing mathematical model

The development of application software for e-beam writter data preparation. Master thesis. Brno, 2016. The master thesis deals with the e-beam writter data preparation. The first part deals with electron beam lithography, posibilities and problems of data preparation and difractive optical elements. Afterwards the thesis describes development environment which was used for the development of application software itself. In the next part, the thesis deals with the appropriate design of application software, and its user-friendly interface. The output of the thesis is the implementation of the application software.

6 ABSTRAKT Kardiovaskulární onemocnění představují celosvětově nejčastější příčinu úmrtí. Arytmie neboli poruchy srdečního rytmu k této mortalitě přispívají nemalou měrou. Výzkum v oblasti morfologie převodního systému srdečního má více jak stoletou historii, ale oblast ontogeneze není ani v dnešní době dostatečně prozkoumána. Přitom pochopení mechanismů indukce pracovního myokardu ve specializovanou tkáň by mohl být jeden z klíčů k otevření dveří nových možností diagnostiky a terapie onemocnění v této oblasti. Cílem této práce je pochopení vlivu mechanické zátěže na vznik a vývoj převodního systému srdečního. Chci prokázat, že mechanické zatížení srdce krevním oběhem hraje v embryonálním vývoji nezastupitelnou roli v diferenciaci převodního systému srdečního (PSS). Jako model pozorování jsem si vybral kuřecí srdce. Při porovnání dat získaných na srdci ptáků a savců můžeme najít drobné odlišnosti v detailech, nicméně hlavní principy a mechanismy se zdají být stejné. Kuřecí embryo se vyvíjí 21 dní, přičemž toto časové údobí lze podle Hamburgera a Hamiltona rozdělit do 46 stádií. Zpočátku představuje srdce pouze primitivní trubici, která se stáčí v srdeční kličku. Posléze je přeměněna na zralý čtyřoddílový orgán charakteristický pro vyšší obratlovce. Tyto morfologické změny korelují i se změnami šíření...

The diploma thesis addresses the topic of optical measurements of flange joints during tightening and thermal loading. Commercially available optical systems with decreasing invasiveness were compared in opportunity which offer to an industrial environment. Various conditions are evaluated in 3D (scanning, DIC) as well as in 2D (DIC). The data for evaluation of sensitivity and system accuracy together with the evaluation of the data range were obtained by the measurement. Data evaluation showed the same accuracy for 2D and 3D system and the possibility of quality inspection of the joint by assessing the inspection dimensions in operation.