Thèse--Méd.--Reims, 1971. N°: 28. / Bibliogr. p. 59-60.

The governmental functions of security and intelligence require a number of distinct organisations and functions to interact in a symbiotic way. Because the external environment is uncertain and complex, these organisations must constantly negotiate with each other to establish which of them addresses which issue, and with what resources. Coasian principles suggest that if there are no transacting costs and property rights are clear, then such negotiations should lead to an overall maximisation of the benefits gained (in this case better security and intelligence provision), yet this is rarely realised. By coupling the transaction cost theory devised by Oliver Williamson in 1975 with a range of alternate theoretical perspectives that impact on these areas of governance, an institutional costs approach is developed. By increasing the resolution of the analysis whilst still retaining a comprehensive overview, the frictions that hinder negotiated cooperation become apparent. The two cases of counterterrorism and defence intelligence in both the United Kingdom and the United States are then used to test and refine the institutional costs paradigm that results. These demonstrate that orthodox views of good cooperation in the former and poor cooperation in the latter are overly simplistic, as neither is necessarily more disposed to behave cooperatively than the other; rather, the institutional costs environment that their respective organisational architectures create incentivises different cooperative behaviour in different circumstances. The analysis also shows that the impact of the various factors that make up the institutional costs paradigm is in fact far more nuanced in these areas than is evident in earlier transaction costs scholarship. Their relevance differs by type as well as degree. Institutional costs analysis therefore provides the beginnings of a political economy for cooperative working in the intelligence and security spheres of governance.

Reproduction de : Thèse de doctorat : Psychologie des organisations : Metz : 2004. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Notes bibliographiques.

Although recognised by policy incentives shaping children’s services, research and service development for children with complex healthcare needs have received limited attention. Both health-care professionals and families of those children affected frequently report fragmented care and unmet needs in the literature. Not only is the wellbeing of the family and health of the child jeopardised, but also the lack of consistent service coordination between diagnosis, impairment, functional need or disability, directly contributes to a lack of data for the subgroup of children with complex healthcare needs. In this scoping review, key themes are identified, proposing priorities for innovation of future services. It is clear from the literature, longitudinal data analysis providing a more accessible platform for service evaluation and improvement, specialist training for key workers, and further research around definitions and classification systems, is lacking. / White Rose Scholarship

Dans une colonie britannique aux structures communautaires, les principes sportifs initiaux de l instauration d une fédération de clubs par des Franco-Mauriciens et des Métis, sont remis en cause l année suivante par la Constitution de 1947. Devenue Mauritius Sports Association, cet organisme évolue jusqu à dominer et gérer les pratiques compétitives. Pendant les périodes pré et post Indépendance, le mouvement sportif devient le miroir de la construction identitaire et des luttes de pouvoir. Si, Ministère et M.S.A. s opposent sur fond de communalisme, certains secteurs (industriel et scolaire) montrent une autre image des relations sociales. Décommunalisation du sport, loi de 1984 et réussite de l organisation des Jeux des Îles en 1985, marquent la fin du sport colonial et l avènement de la mauricianisation. L analyse historique s appuie sur les critères économiques et politiques et met en exergue le double rôle du sport : outil de positionnement social et reflet de la société.

Reproduction de : Thèse d'exercice : Médecine. Médecine générale : Paris 12 : 2008. / Thèse uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. f. 81-87.

The health care systems of developing countries, which are already weak, have to carry an additional strain brought on by the burden of infectious diseases. This added strain means that the health care provided is not of the highest quality. The use of home community based care (HCBC) was introduced as an attempt to provide basic health care services to people through the services of community health care workers (CHCW). With the development of HCBC in developing countries and the CHCW playing a vital role in ensuring that the lives of people living with diseases are improved, the need for information and communication technology (ICT) solutions is increased. The information that is collected by the CHCW is paper-based and it cannot be analysed and used efficiently and effectively. This study embraces the adoption of a socio-technical perspective when an ICT solution is introduced in an environment. A socio-technical perspective focuses on three dimensions: the user, the environment and the technology used. These three need to be in coherence to ensure that the technology is used effectively by the user within the environment. Therefore the objective of this study is to identify a list of socio-technical factors that affect CHCWs when they are using mobile phones for data collection purposes in home community based care. In order to achieve this it was necessary to understand how the socio-technical subsystems of the HCBC environment are constituted. The study followed a qualitative approach, including interviews and observations, to collect the data which will best enable the researcher to understand the home community based care environment, its people and the use of the technology to collect data in this environment, in particular mobile phones. A qualitative content analysis approach was followed to analyse the data and constitute a list of factors affecting the use of mobile devices for remote data collection in home community based care. It is hoped that this research will assist to inform the design of appropriate mobile health applications to both ease the burden of CHCWs (i.e. it should be faster and easier to use than paper) and improve the healthcare service provided through enabling access to patient records to all partners in the care continuum.

Unter dem Eindruck einer zunehmenden Einengung finanzieller Spielräume entwickelt die öffentliche Hand Strategien zur Haushaltskonsolidierung, die über den Einsatz des Neuen Steuerungsmodells hinausgehen. Eine zentrale Bedeutung im Rahmen der Verwaltungsoptimierung nehmen aufgaben- und organisationskritische Ansätze ein. Letztgenannte umfassen Überlegungen, wie durch eine Ablösung hergebrachter behördlicher Strukturen nachhaltige Entlastungseffekte ausgelöst werden können. Das Organisationsrecht kennt hierfür auf allen Verwaltungsebenen grundsätzlich zahlreiche Ausgestaltungen von der Beleihung Privater Dritter über Beteiligungsgesellschaften, Anstalten oder Stiftungen bis hin zu Regiebetrieben. Die verbleibenden Möglichkeiten einer Einflussnahme durch Politik und Verwaltung gestalten sich. Im Interesse einer hinreichenden Steuerung durch politische und administrative Leitungsinstanzen erfahren Landesbetriebe nach § 26 der Landeshaushaltsordnungen in den letzten Jahren in vielen Landesverwaltungen eine Renaissance. Obgleich die betreffende Ermächtigung seit 1969 im Haushaltsrecht verankert ist und bereits Gegenstand der Reichshaushaltsordnung war, liegen kaum systematisierte Erkenntnisse über den Einsatz dieser Organisationsform vor. In den Rechts-, Wirtschafts- und Verwaltungswissenschaften finden sich praktisch keine über den Wortlaut des Gesetzes und hierzu kaum ergangene Verwaltungsvorschriften hinausgehenden Hilfestellungen. Die Arbeit widmet sich dem Modell „Landesbetrieb nach § 26 LHO“, indem sie damit verbundene Entwicklungspotenziale für ein betriebswirtschaftliches Handeln und Rahmenbedingungen seines Einsatzes beleuchtet. Sie stellt den Landesbetrieb dabei in ein Verhältnis zu Behörden, welche unter Anwendung von Elementen des Neuen Steuerungsmodells geführt werden und privatrechtlich ausgestalteten Unternehmen. Zu diesem Zweck erfolgt eine vertiefte empirische Untersuchung der Landesbetriebe im amtlichen Geoinformationswesen, welche eine breite Aufgabenpalette aufweisen. Die in diesem Rahmen vollzogene Primäranalyse wird im Interesse einer Verbreiterung der Aussagekraft der Ergebnisse ergänzt um ausgewählte Sekundäranalysen zur praktischen Ausgestaltung weiterer Landesbetriebe insbesondere in den Bereichen Bau- und Liegenschaftsmanagement, Mess- und Eichwesen und der Datenverarbeitung. Ergänzend zu den deskriptiven Darstellungen der empirischen Betrachtung werden normative Betrachtungen für die einzelnen betriebswirtschaftlichen Funktionalbereiche vorgenommen soweit hier spezifische Problemstellungen in der Praxis der Landesbetriebe bekannt geworden sind. Im Ergebnis kommt die Arbeit zu der Erkenntnis, dass Landesbetriebe ein Entwicklungspotenzial über das Neue Steuerungsmodell hinaus bergen, dieses aber weniger als erwartet im Bereich der Finanzwirtschaft und damit in der tatsächlichen Haushaltskonsolidierung liegt, als vielmehr in der strukturellen Optimierung der Verhältnisse zwischen, Betriebsleitung, Kunden sowie administrativer und politischer Spitze und der Gestaltungsräume der einzelnen Akteure. / Due to a lack of financial flexibility the public sector develops strategies of budget consolidation, which go beyond the implementation of New Public Management. Doing this there is a focus on optimization by task and organisational criticism. Concerning organisational criticism this includes considerations, how it is possible to reach financial ease by replacing former official structures. Organisational law knows different possibilities on the administrative levels of the states and municipalities with different opportunities of influence by political and administrative leadership. In this context public utilities like mentioned in § 26 of budget laws became more and more important in the last years. Although they are known as an organisational option for years now, there is a lack of experience and systematic knowledge on this kind of administrative units. The dissertation lays emphasis on the possibilities of developing economic usage in these units and necessary or practised general conditions for their implementation. Public utilities in the sense of § 26 of budget laws are compared to authorities lead by the principles of New Public Management and private enterprises. There is at first an empirical examination of these kind of units established in the field of geodetic survey and spatial data, because of their broad spectrum of different kinds of tasks by primary analysis. It is completed by a sec-ondary analysis of practicism in further public utilities being responsible for example for real estate management, measuring and adjusting or technological infrastructures. The descriptive parts are supplemented by normative considerations on special economical, legal and organisational aspects in these public utilities like they are seen or known by affected people involved in the change from authorities to public utilities. As a result it is emphazised, that public utilities in the sense of § 26 of budget laws offer potencials for development going further than authorities lead by the principles of New Public Management. Never the less it is not the field of finance but organisation and steering, where the most important possibilities of structural redesign have to be seen. This concerns mostly the relationship between management, customers, stakeholder and politician or administrative leadership as far as flexibility of each individual participants.

Στην παρούσα εργασία γίνεται μια προσπάθεια για να διαπιστωθεί ο ρόλος των τεχνολογιών των Επικοινωνιών και της Πληροφορίας (ΤΠΕ) στην Οργάνωση και Διοίκηση της Τριτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, θα προσπαθήσουμε να διαπιστώσουμε αν χρησιμοποιούνται οι ΤΠΕ στην οργάνωση και στην καθημερινή διοίκηση των Γραμματειών, τον τρόπο, τα οφέλη, τα προβλήματα και τους ανασταλτικούς παράγοντες. Σαν παράδειγμα μελετήσαμε τις Γραμματείες του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Κύριος σκοπός της έρευνας είναι να διαπιστωθεί ο ρόλος των ΤΠΕ και οι επιμέρους στόχοι είναι να καταγραφούν οι αντιλήψεις των εμπλεκομένων προσώπων για την χρήση των ΤΠΕ στην οργάνωση και διοίκηση αλλά και τα θετικά και αρνητικά στοιχεία από την χρήση ή μη των ΤΠΕ. Η έρευνά μας θα μελετηθεί σε σχέση με τις προκλήσεις της εποχής αλλά και τις ανάγκες της, όπως αυτή έχει διαμορφωθεί από την επίδραση της παγκοσμιοποίησης, αλλά και την επίδραση των ΤΠΕ στην καθημερινότητα του πολίτη. Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε ήταν η ποιοτική έρευνα και τα δεδομένα καταγράφηκαν με συνεντεύξεις από την ομάδα στόχο που είναι οι εργαζόμενοι στις Γραμματείες του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Στην συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται τα δεδομένα και αναλύονται ενώ στο τέλος της έρευνας γίνεται μια προσπάθεια ερμηνείας των δεδομένων αυτών και παρατίθενται οι προβληματισμοί για περαιτέρω έρευνα. / An attempt for realising the role of Information and Communications technologies (ICT) in the Organisation and Administration of Higher Education is performed in this thesis. More specific, we will try to realise if the ICTs are used in the organisation and in the daily administration of Secretariats, and especially the way, the profits, the problems and the suspensive factors. As a case study we focused on the group of the Secretariats of the University of Patras. Main target of our research is to realise the role of ICT and the individual objectives are to record the perceptions of the involved persons about the use of ICT in the organisation and administration, but also the positive and negative elements from the use or non-use of ICT. Our research will be studied concerning the challenges of our century but also the needs, as these have been shaped by the globalisation effect, but also the ¬influence of ICT in the everyday routine of citizen. The followed methodology was based on the qualitative research and the data have been recorded with interviews from the target group. The target group was the employees in the Secretariats of University of Patras. Following up, we present the data and we analyze them. At the end of our research, we try to interpretation them and we mention the ideas and the reflections for further research.