The thesis examines the results of the international commission against impunity in Guatemala (CICIG), founded in 2006 by an agreement between the government of Guatemala and the UN. It represents a unique tool of UN, connecting in its mandate national and international elements, whose singular goal is a fight against contemporary national crimes, in contrast to a more classical model of UN, which focuses predominantly on international or past crimes. The thesis tries to answer whether the level of corruption and presence of organized crime in the state institutions was lowered during the mandate of CICIG, whether the level of impunity was lowered at the national courts and how big of a role could be attributed to CICIG. The analysis is diveded into two parts. In the first one, based on a few key indicators, the institutional situation in crime prosecution in Guatemala is evaluated before and after the mandate of CICIG. In the second one, with the use of a process-tracing method, the role of CICIG in 3 key cases is analysed, especially concerning the power of its influence in Guatemala. A short discussion about the good and bad characteristics of the CICIG model concludes the thesis.

Temporary postponement of criminal prosecution Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the procedural institute of temporary postponement of criminal prosecution, while providing a complete analysis of situations in which individual forms of this institute can be used. Furthermore, the diploma thesis offers a basic digression into the issue of corruption and organized crime, with a special focus on legal instruments which are able to make the fight against these adverse criminal phenomena more efficient. The diploma thesis analyses in detail the process of application of temporary postponement of criminal prosecution, highlights the pros and cons of this procedure, while the work does not omit the process of enshrining this institute in Czech law or its legal predecessor. The thesis tries to answer the question of whether the temporary postponement of criminal prosecution is the most helpful and effective tool, and therefore, last but not least, it also deals with other options that can be considered as suitable alternatives to this institute. Key words opportunity, corruption, organized crime, procedural instruments

Cooperating defendant Abstract The cooperating defendant represents a relatively new instrument of Czech criminal law, it was introduced into the Czech legal system with effect from 1 January 2010. The main purpose of this legal instrument is to fight organized crime, which is characterized by its high social danger and is extremely difficult to combat for law enforcement agencies due to the considerable sophistication of the internal hierarchy of organized criminal groups. The legal instrument consists of the cooperation of the defendant with a public prosecutor, who designates them as a cooperating defendant in the indictment in exchange for information capable of making a significant contribution to the uncovering of organized criminal groups. The cooperating defendant is rewarded for their cooperation with a mitigation of their sentence and the sentence may even be dropped altogether. The first chapter of this thesis analyzes the terms of cooperating defendant and crown witness, describes the process of introducing the legal instrument of cooperating defendant into the Czech legal system and also mentions some similar legal instruments. The second chapter deals with the current legislation, some of its shortcomings and their possible solutions. The third chapter lists some of the most important benefits...

Cooperating defendant Abstract This thesis on Cooperating defendant is focused on the development of this institute, its connection to organized crime and relevant international and Czech legislation. The thesis consists of the introduction, five chapters, that each presents individual topics in detail, and the conclusion. The first chapter analyses historical development of the institute of crown witness and its connection to the institute of cooperating defendant, the context of adoption of this institute into the Czech legislation and the subsequent amendment of the relevant provisions. At the same time, it summarizes the planned changes concerning the institute of cooperating defendant within the framework of recodification of criminal procedure. The second chapter analyses organized crime in connection to the institute of cooperating defendant. It focuses on the occurrence of organized crime in the Czech Republic, its specific features and legislation, the purpose of which is to fight organized crime. The third chapter is focused on the international legislation of the institute of cooperating defendant, which is mainly defined by international organizations, such as the UN, the European Union and the Council of Europe. The current legal regulation of the institute of cooperating defendant is analysed...

This thesis deals with the history and evolution of the phenomenon of the Camorra in one of the southern Italian regions - Campania. Camorra originated as a result of appalling social conditions in the south of Italy before its unification. The former ruling system in Naples neighborhood was inefficient and distant for the general population. In contrast, the Camorra everyday system responded immediately and was efficient, fast and productive. Before the constitution of the modern Italian state in 1861, Camorra had already more than half a century of history and activities, and was firmly established itself in the society of Campania. From 1819, when the first written note about Camorra appeared till the first decade of the 21st century it has undergone a complicated and interesting development and changes. During this period, there were several transformations in the functioning of its system. From the initial racketeering and small crime the Camorra's system was transformed into the highly organized companies, whose representatives can be well established members of the highest levels of the Italian society. The thesis also describes how the Camorra's social security ensures its members. From the point of view of Camorra's members their system never fails on the contrary to the official state...

This final thesis attempts to provide a closer ovierview of specific features of the Italian political arena, which is a mutual penetration of one sphere of organized crime - mafia and politics. The first part of this thesis defines the theoretical structure of the mafia phenomenon and essays to contextualize it within organized crime. The second part begins with an excoursion into the history of the mafia in Sicily from its beginings in the 19th century until the 1970s. The deeper analysis is then devoted to the crucial period of the 1980s and 1990s. The final part of the thesis examines the period of bomb attacks (1992-1993) through the aspect of new investigations. Key words: mafia, Cosa Nostra, politics, Italy, Palermo, organized crime.

This diploma thesis deals with relation between good governance and organized crime. The aim of this thesis is to test a theory claiming that level of democracy directly influences level of organized crime and then to test a hypothesis claiming that key factor for successful fight against organized crime is presence of principles of good governance. Existence and strength of the relation between democracy, good governance and organized crime is tested by statistical analysis on a wide range of states. Results of this analysis are then verified within frame of instrumental case studies of the states with low level of democracy, low level of good governance and high level of organized crime (states of Central Asia) and a state with low level of democracy, high level of good governance and low level of organized crime (Singapore).

In my thesis I will show the case of Mexico, a country that is struggling hard to fulfill its principles of national security - one of the most characteristic features of Mexico's policies. Simultaneously, Mexico is making efforts to fulfill human rights' obligations of both its nationals and foreigners. Increasingly especially since the turn of the millennia, the United States has been fortifying its border with Mexico with the aim to prevent the Mexican and other immigrants reaching the United States illegally. Yet, hard-line border controls and migration-related policies have not been adopted solely by the United States, but also Mexico has played a dominant role in fortifying its border areas, especially along the southern border with Belize and Guatemala. My research questions would then focus on what is driving Mexico to adopt dual approach towards Central American migrants along Mexico's southern border, and why is Mexico balancing between realistic principles of national security and human rights' obligations, which has espoused by signing and ratifying international conventions?

In this thesis, I attempt to apply the network perspective to the study of corruption. First, I deal with current state of theory and research on corruption, which I find to be ignoring relations and interactions among offenders themselves. Then I review literature in the field of covert and criminal networks. The theoretical part of this thesis ends with brief descriptions of two major cases of political corruption in the Czech Republic - so called Nagy case and Rath case. In the methodological part, I introduce basic concepts of social network analysis as well as methods for positional analysis, especially the blockmodelling. In my research, I deal with exploratory analysis of both the aforementioned networks. Using proxy data, I analyse cohesion, centralization, centrality measures and cliques in these networks. Then I use conventional blockmodeling to search for roles and positions within these networks. My results suggest that both networks are dense and centralized with overlapping cliques contrary to other covert networks possibly accounting for their eventual disruption and failure. Positional analysis using varius methods such as CONCOR or different types of cluster analysis reveals a structure resembling the core-periphery model, which is supported by measuring coreness and finding a good...

6 Abstract The goal of this thesis is to provide a basic overview of the legislative acts taken against organized crime in Japan, and to map the intriguing historical evolution of organized crime until the present day. Also, to show how the connection and the historically advantageous relationship between the yakuza and the ruling elites affected the law in Japan. The first chapter is dedicated to the historical milestones of organized crime in Japan from the 17th century to the implementation of the first comprehensive law against the organized crime - the Bōtaihō, in 1991. In the next part of this thesis the particularities of the legislation against organized crime can be found, including the differences of the American and European models as well as the details of the Bōtaihō law itself. The third chapter is dedicated to the complementary and follow-up legislations concerning the fight against organized crime. Key words: organized crime, yakuza, legal instruments to fight organized crime