Santrauka Vaida Kemežaitė „ORNITOFAUNOS POKYČIAI INTENSYVAUS, EKSTENSYVAUS IR DESTRUKTYVAUS NAUDOJIMO AGROCENOZĖSE“. Ekologijos magistrantūros studijų programos baigiamasis darbas/ darbo vadovas doc. dr. S. Sinkevičius. – Vilnius: Vilniaus universitetas, Gamtos mokslų fakultetas, Ekologijos ir aplinkotyros centras, 2010. – 50 p. Ekologijos magistrantūros studijų programos baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjami ornitofaunos pokyčiai agrocenozėse, patiriančiose skirtingo laipsnio sukcesinius pokyčius. Darbo tikslas buvo nustatyti galimus ornitofaunos pokyčius skirtingo antropogeninio poveikio (intensyvios, ekstensyvios ir destruktyvios) žemėnaudos teritorijose Lietuvos agrolandšafte. Buvo parinktos ir aprašytos intensyvios žemėnaudos teritorija Vilkaviškio raj., ir ekstensyvios bei destruktyvios žemėnaudos teritorijos Vilniaus raj. Naudojant taškinių apskaitų metodą buvo nustatyta ten perinčių paukščių rūšinė sudėtis ir gausumas. Palyginus 2 – 6 metų apskaitų rezultatus nustatytos tipingos agrocenozių rūšys, kurios išlieka ir ekstensyvaus bei destruktyvaus poveikio teritorijose, tai varnėnas (Sturnus vulgaris), dirvinis vieversys (Alauda arvensis), kiauliukė (Saxicola rubetra), kurapka (Perdix perdix) ir geltonoji starta (Emberiza citrinella). Ekstensyvios žemėnaudos teritorijose nustatyta, kad suveikus ekotono (pamiškės ir krūmynų) efektui – padidėjo krūmynų rūšių (karklažvirblis (Passer montanus), kikilis (Fringilla coelebs), miškinis kalviukas (Anthus trivialis)). Gausiausiai visose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Summary Vaida Kemežaitė: Changes of Ornithofauna in Intensively, Extensively and Destructively Used Agrocenosis. The Master’s Thesis of Ecology/ scientific adviser doc. dr. S. Sinkevičius. Vilnius: Vilnius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Centre of Ecology and Environmental Science, 2010 – 50 p. This Master’s Thesis analyzes the changes of ornithofauna in agrocenosis, where successive changes of different degree occur. The aim of thesis is to identify the presumable changes of ornithofauna in the territories of Lithuania landscape, where different anthropogenic effect exists, i.e. intensive, extensive and destructive. In the thesis, the territory of intensive use of land in Vilkaviskis region and the territory of extensive and destructive use of land in Vilnius region are described. The research on breeding birds’ specific consists and superfluity is carried out on the backgrounds of point counts method. Making comparisons of 2 – 6 years researches some typical species of agrocenosis were identified. These species survive in the territories where extensive and destructive impact occurs, i.e. Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), Skylark (Alauda arvensis), Whinchat (Saxicola rubetra), Partridge (Perdix perdix) and Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella). In the territories, where extensive use of land exists there are more scrubland species, such as Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus), Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Tree Pipit (Anthus trivialis). In all explored territories, the... [to full text]

SANTRAUKA Natalija Koškarova „PAUKŠČIŲ BENDRIJŲ RŪŠINĖ SUDĖTIS MIŠKO IR URBANIZUOTOJE TERITORIJOSE“. Ekologijos magistro studijų programos baigiamasis darbas / darbo vadovas Doc.dr. S. Sinkevičius. – Vilnius: Vilniaus universitetas, Gamtos mokslų fakultetas, Ekologijos ir aplinkotyros centras, 2010. – 51 p. Šio darbo pagrindinis tikslas yra palyginti miško ir urbanizuotos teritorijų paukščių bendrijų rūšinę sudėtį miško natūraliose ir urbanizuotose teritorijose. Tam, kad tai išsiaiškinti buvo sprendžiami sekantys pagrindiniai uždaviniai: išnagrinėti literatūrą apie paukščių bendrijų esančių natūralioje gyvenimo aplinkoje ir teritorijose naudojamose žemės ūkiui ir rekreacijai pasikeitimų ypatumus. Pasirinktose natūralioje miško ir urbanizuotoje teritorijose vasario, kovo, balandžio ir gegužės mėnesiais buvo atlikti tyrimai. Miško natūralios aplinkos pasirinktame rajone buvo nustatomi įvairūs faktoriai, kurie gali paveikti paukščių išplitimo, jų kiekio ir įvairovės pasikeitimus, o urbanizuotame miško teritorijos rajone buvo ištirta, kaip paukščių bendrijas veikia žmonių veikla, žemės ūkis ir rekreacija. Pasirinktose teritorijose buvo fiksuojami ir išnagrinėjami duomenys apie miško ir sodų paukščių rūšis. Darbo metodologija leido užfiksuoti maksimalų kiekį paukščių esančių miško teritorijose pasirinktose tyrimų atlikimui. Gauti rezultatai buvo atžymimi lentelėse, pagal kurių duomenis vėliau buvo sudaryti grafikai ir išaiškinta įvairių paukščių rūšių išplitimo dinamika... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / SUMMARY Nataliya Koshkarova “BIRDS COMMUNITIES CONSIDERATION IN FOREST AND TOWNSCAPE AREAS”. Master’s Thesis in Ecology and Environmental / supervisor – Doc.dr. S. Sinkevičius. – Vilnius: Vilnius University, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology and Environmental, 2010. – 51 p. The main purpose of this master thesis is to compare the bird communities which occur in natural and urban areas of the forest. In order to reach the main purpose those main tasks were raised: to analyze available literature about the peculiarities of changes in bird communities in their natural habitat and in area used by people for agriculture and recreation. In February, March, April and May the research of natural and selected urban territory around the forest has been held. In the natural area of the forest different factors that can influence changes in distribution of birds, their number and diversity were investigated. And in urban area of the forest main focus was how human activities, agriculture and recreation affect bird communities. At the selected territories different types of birds were fixed and analyzed. The methodology of this study was about fixing the maximum number of different species of birds inhabiting in selected areas of the forest. The results were recorded in tables, which were later shown in charts; also the dynamics of the prevalence of different species of birds depending on the time study research was determined. In the outcome of the work it was found out... [to full text]

The aim of this study, named Assessment of the influence of selected agri-environment measures and landscape elements on avifauna, was a predetermined area to carry out the mapping of bird species in view of to farmland birds depending on their implemented or performed agri-environment measures and the creation of new landscape elements. For the determination of the impact of the measures on individual species has been used relative point method. By using this method was the mapping of the observed total of 453 an individuals in 37 species, among whichThe influence of these measures. Of the 14 species marked for the purposes of this work as farmland birds has been observed 10 kinds. Both types of measures showed effects on species composition and abundance of bird populations in the study area. Deduce the effect of these measures on bird populations agricultural landscape of long-term and global perspective, but not with regard to short-term data can be gathered. In that area it will be necessary to continue the ornithological surveys and evaluate the impact of individual measures in the longer term.

Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-10T14:25:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOACI DOS SANTOS CERQUEIRA - TESE (PPGRN) 2018.pdf: 25053168 bytes, checksum: f171a30ed512369a6372b1d77a7bb854 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-10T14:25:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOACI DOS SANTOS CERQUEIRA - TESE (PPGRN) 2018.pdf: 25053168 bytes, checksum: f171a30ed512369a6372b1d77a7bb854 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-23 / CNPq / Os poluentes atmosféricos das usinas termelétricas afetam negativamente a saúde humana, o solo, os corpos hídricos, as edificações, a flora e a fauna. Assim, essa forma de geração de energia elétrica, gera efluentes causadores de danos ao meio ambiente, trazendo impactos ambientais negativos. Neste sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os impactos ambientais causados pelo funcionamento de uma Usina Termelétrica localizada na região metropolitana de Campina Grande-PB. Através de um estudo de campo, de caráter exploratório foi empregado variadas metodologias para identificar as espécies da ornitofauna local, inventariar as espécies arbóreas e avaliar as trocas gasosas vegetais, além de utilizar de sensores ambientais pata determinar os níveis instantâneos dos compostos químicos CO2, CO, SO2, ruídos, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa do ar, temperatura de ponto de orvalho, velocidade do vento e luminescência vegetais, do entorno da Usina Termelétrica Energética Borborema S.A e de uma área amostral; e, através do software Aermod View, simular as concentrações das dispersões das fontes emissoras da Usina Termelétrica. Com isso, registrou-se vinte e nove espécies de aves, pertencentes a 21 famílias; e, para no inventário arbóreo, as principais espécies encontradas foram Combretum glaucocarpum, Croton sonderianus, Aspidosperma pyrifolium e Mimosa tenuiflora; quanto as análises das trocas gasosas realizadas pelo LCpro+, verificou-se que os valores máximos de transpiração foi registrado no ponto (P600), sendo a espécie Ziziphus joazeiro responsável pelo maior valor registrado; em relação ao uso dos sensores ambientais para monitorar a qualidade do ar, atestou-se ser uma ferramenta fundamental para verificar alterações na ambiência do entorno da Termelétrica Borborema S.A.; na modelagem com Aermod View, verificou-se que nas concentrações de NO2, os índices atingiram cerca de cinco vezes maior que o padrão primário estabelecido pelo CONAMA 03/90. Desta maneira, os resultados associados aos procedimentos metodológicos utilizados em conjunto, caracterizam-se como eficazes para avaliação e monitoramento de impactos ambientais para instalação e funcionamento de Termelétricas e demais indústrias poluidoras. / The air pollutants of thermoelectric power plants negatively affect human health, soil, water bodies, buildings, flora and fauna. Thus, this form of electric energy generation, generates effluents that cause damages to the environment, bringing negative environmental impacts. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental impacts caused by the operation of a Thermoelectric Plant located in the metropolitan region of Campina Grande-PB. Through an exploratory field study, a variety of methodologies were used to identify the species of the local ornitofauna, to inventory the tree species and to evaluate the vegetal gas exchanges, besides using environmental sensors to determine the instantaneous levels of the chemical compounds CO2, CO, SO2, noise, air temperature, relative air humidity, dew point temperature, wind speed and plant luminescence, in the surroundings of Usina Termelétrica Energética Borborema S.A. and a sample area; and, through the Aermod View software, to simulate the dispersion concentrations of the sources emitting the Thermoelectric Plant. Thus, twenty-nine bird species belonging to 21 families were recorded; and, for the tree inventory, the main species found were Combretum glaucocarpum, Croton sonderianus, Aspidosperma pyrifolium and Mimosa tenuiflora; as well as the analyzes of the gas exchanges performed by LCpro +, it was verified that the maximum values of transpiration were recorded at the point (P600), and the Ziziphus joazeiro species was responsible for the highest recorded value; in relation to the use of environmental sensors to monitor air quality, was proved to be a fundamental tool to verify changes in the environment of the Borborema thermoelectric plant S.A.; in the modeling with Aermod View, it was verified that in the concentrations of NO2, the indexes reached about five times greater than the primary standard established by CONAMA 03/90. In this way, the results associated to the methodological procedures used together, are characterized as effective for evaluation and monitoring of environmental impacts for the installation and operation of Thermoelectric and other polluting industries.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:44:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nilton Carlos do Valle.pdf: 1373244 bytes, checksum: 8b3e72127e72340dbc4c68c71ec2f580 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-27 / This study aims the characterization of the bird community structure of savanna areas from the middle-inferior section of the Ribeirão João Leite basin, Goiás. The avifauna data was collected every two month between August/2004 and June/2005 in 22 sampling points, which are located in the conservation unit Parque Ecológico Altamiro de Moura Pacheco and in pasture areas. The methodology used was sampling points with minimum distance of 200m between points, where the birds observed during 20 minutes were identified and counted. 5,834 specimens, distributed in 21 orders, 54 families and 184 species were catalogued. 114 represent species with forest and rural habits, 31 are strictly rural, 20 are forest and 19 of aquatic environments. The Cluster Analysis indicated the presence of two distinct groups (A and B) (p=0.008) and five subgroups (I, II, III, IV and V) (p=0.04). The group "A" and sub-group I and II corresponds to the points located in forest areas and riparian vegetation, where 174 insectivorous species (3,887 specimens) were catalogued and of which 27 are constant such as Momotus momota, Basileuterus flaveolus and Monasa nigrifons. The group "B" and sub-group III, IV and V is formed by points located in anthropic areas, where avifauna presents minor richness (111 species) and abundance (1,947 specimens) with predominance of granivorous species such as Columbina talpacoti, Patagioenas picazuro and Jacarina volatinia. These results indicate the influence of preserved areas of savanna on the avifauna structure. / O presente estudo objetiva a caracterização da estrutura das comunidades de aves em áreas de Cerrado, antropizadas ou não, localizadas na região médio-inferior da sub-bacia do Ribeirão João Leite, Goiás. Os dados da avifauna foram coletados bimestralmente entre agosto de 2004 e junho de 2005 em 22 pontos amostrais, os quais estão localizados em áreas conservadas do Parque Ecológico de Moura Pacheco e em áreas antropizadas (pastagens). A metodologia utilizada foi a de amostragem por pontos com distância mínima de 200m entre um ponto amostral e outro, onde foram qualiquantificadas as aves observadas num período de 20 minutos. Foram catalogados 5.834 espécimes, distribuídos em 21 ordens, 54 famílias e 184 espécies. Destas últimas, 114 representam espécies com hábitos florestais e campestres, 31 estritamente campestres, 20 estritamente florestais e 19 de ambientes aquáticos. A Análise de Agrupamento indicou a presença de dois grupos distintos (A e B) (p=0,008) e cinco subgrupos (I,II,III,IV e V) (p= 0,04). O grupo A e subgrupo I e II correspondem a pontos localizados em áreas florestais e de mata de galeria, onde 174 espécies insetívoras (3.887 espécimes) foram catalogadas e das quais 27 são constantes como é o caso de Hudu (Momotus momota), Mariquita (Basileuterus flaveolus), e Bico-debrasa (Monasa nigrifons). O grupo B e subgrupo III, IV e V é formado por pontos localizados em regiões antropizadas, onde a avifauna apresenta menor riqueza (111 espécies) e abundância (1.947 espécimes) sendo esta predominantemente granívora como Sangue-de-boi (Columbina talpacoti), Pomba-asa-branca (Patagioenas picazuro) e Tiziu (Volatinia jacarina). Estes resultados indicam a influência de áreas conservadas sobre a estrutura da avifauna.

This thesis evaluates the influence of selected stand characteristics of deciduous forest on the composition of nesting ornithocenosis. Especially the influence of the composition of forest stand age and structure and abundance of cavity trees. Using the point counting method, composition of nesting birds has been found on 50 census points located systematically in the stands of different ages and with different tree composition (mainly various presence of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and oak (Quercus spp.)). There were 1119 birds in total belonging to 38 species. It turned out that the presence of oak in vegetation affects the numbers of Finches, Great Spotted Woodpeckers, Blue Tits, Blackbirds, Golden Orioles, Cuckoos and Wood Pigeons. Presence of beech in forests affected some bird species with the opposite trend to the presence of oak in most cases. The number of species and individuals and diversity of bird communities at the census points increased with increasing presence of oak and decreased with the presence of beech. Stand age and spatial structure appeared to be an important factor in the occurrence of some bird species. The highest number of species has been recorded in the old stands. Cavity trees appeared primarily in old forests and had an impact on the presence of the Collared Flycatcher, Nuthatch, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler. Generally, diversity and the number of species and individuals increased with the number of cavity trees. Nesting densities were calculated. Birds with the highest brood densities were Chaffinch, Great Tit, Nuthatch, Blue Tit, Chiffchaff and Great Spotted Woodpecker. Decreased abundance of ornithofauna during the nesting season has also been shown.