Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:57:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Everaldo Hans Studt Klein.pdf: 5165097 bytes, checksum: ccfbfbc6baec84bc829dad886555adf9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-15 / It was conducted a survey of the major diseases that occur in orchids in the State of Rio de Janeiro, through collection of plants in various localities in the period April 2006 to June 2008. Fifty-three plants had their diseases and pathogens identified, of which 35.9% were infected by fungi, being 17% by Fusarium oxysporum, 13.2% by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, 1,9% by Botrytis sp., 1,9% by Puccinia sp. and 1.9% by Phyllosticta capitalensis. 51% of the plants were infected by virus with simple and double infections of Cymbidium mosaic virus - CymMV and Odontoglossum ringspot virus - ORSV. 1.9% were infected by the bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and 3.8% by nematodes of the genus Aphelenchoides. The nematodes Aphelenchoides fragariae and A. ritzemabosi were identified infecting hybrid orchids, which is the first report of parasitism of these nematodes in orchid and of A. ritzemabosi parasiting Asplenium nidus L. in Brazil. It also made the first record of the occurrence of Cymbidium mosaic virus - CymMV infecting Bamboo orchid Arundina bambusifolia Lindl. in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Based on the identification of pathogens of that survey, it was developed a diagnostic kit for the main diseases of orchids. Aiming to test antimycotic properties of three substances in culture medium for cultivation of orchids, using as test- plants Sophronitis cernua Lindl. and Epidendrum ellipticum Grah. Of the substances tested, only powdered cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum J. Presl), at the dose of 6 grams / liter positively influenced the germination of seeds of Epidendrum ellipticum Graham, and the addition of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) at doses of 3, 5 and 6 grams / liter caused the inhibition of in vitro germination of seeds of Epidendrum ellipticum Graham. and Sophronitis cernua (Lindl.) Hook. The addition of commercial garlic (Allium sativum L.) powder in doses of 6 and 10 grams / litre, also inhibited in vitro germination of seeds of Epidendrum ellipticum Graham. / Foi realizado levantamento das principais doen?as que ocorrem em orqu?deas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, atrav?s de coleta de plantas em v?rias Localidades, no per?odo de abril de 2006 a junho de 2008. Cinq?enta e tr?s plantas tiveram suas doen?as e pat?genos identificados, dos quais 35,9% das plantas estavam infectadas por fungos, sendo 17% por Fusarium oxysporum, 13,2% por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, 1,9 % por Botrytis sp., 1,9% por Puccinia sp. e 1,9% por Phyllosticta capitalensis. 51% das plantas estavam infectadas por v?rus com infec??es simples e duplas de Cymbidium mosaic virus - CymMV e Odontoglossum ringspot virus - ORSV. 1,9 % estavam infectadas pela bact?ria Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum e 3,8 % por nemat?ides do g?nero Aphelenchoides. Foram identificados os nemat?ides Aphelenchoides fragariae e A. ritzemabosi infectando orqu?deas h?bridas, sendo esse o primeiro relato de parasitismo desses nemat?ides em orqu?dea e de A. ritzemabosi em Asplenium nidus L., no Brasil. Foi feito tamb?m o primeiro registro da ocorr?ncia Cymbidium mosaic virus CymMV infectando plantas da esp?cie Arundina bambusifolia Lindl. no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Com base na identifica??o dos pat?genos desse levantamento, desenvolveu-se um kit diagn?stico para os principais fitopat?genos de orqu?dea. Objetivou-se testar tr?s subst?ncias de propriedades fungist?ticas em meio de cultivo de propaga??o de orqu?deas, utilizando-se como plantas-teste Sophronitis cernua Lindl. e Epidendrum ellipticum Grah.. Das subst?ncias testadas, apenas canela em p? (Cinnamomum zeylanicum J.Presl), na dosagem de 6 gramas / litro influenciou positivamente a germina??o de sementes de Epidendrum ellipticum Graham, sendo que o acr?scimo de cravo-da-?ndia (Syzygium aromaticum) comercial picado nas doses de 3, 5 e 6 g/l causou a inibi??o da germina??o in vitro das sementes de Epidendrum ellipticum Graham. e Sophronitis cernua (Lindl.) Hook. O acr?scimo de alho (Allium sativum L.) em p? comercial nas doses de 6 e 10 g/l, tamb?m inibiu a germina??o in vitro das sementes de Epidendrum ellipticum Graham.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-07-29T01:06:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Final_Renata Lee Medeiros.pdf: 1857499 bytes, checksum: eabb755377f3d7836668b4bae4c796fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-29T01:06:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Final_Renata Lee Medeiros.pdf: 1857499 bytes, checksum: eabb755377f3d7836668b4bae4c796fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / The abiotic factors as the temperature, relative humidity, precipitation and altitude can exert influence in community Euglossine bees. The objectives of this study were 1 ? To Identify the Euglossine bees species occurring in a restricted area from dense Ombrophilous Forest in the Environmental Protection Area of the Pratigi - Southern Bahia; 2 ? To Characterize the monthly fluctuations in local abundance of these species, 3 ? To Analyze if the abiotic factors (temperature, precipitation, humidity and altitude) affected the composition, richness and abundance of Euglossine bees throughout the year; 4 ? To Check if there was a change in composition Euglossine bees species in an altitudinal gradient coastal to the continent. Euglossine males were collected one a month, for twelve months, from 9:00 am to 3:00 pm, with aromatic traps containing methyl cinnamate, vanillin, eucalyptol, benzyl acetate, methyl salicylate, eugenol and ?-Ionone. A total of 1947 males distributed among 3 genera and 25 species were collected. The most abundant species were Euglossa carolina and Euglossa ignita. Two peaks of abundance were observed, the larger one in the dry season. There wasn?t significant influence of abiotic variables (temperature, humidity, precipitation and altitude) on species richness. The abundance was influenced by temperature and humidity. The Diversity (H?) and Dominance were influenced by altitude. The study reveal the importance of preserving Euglossine bees species in different phytophysiognomies within the same biome, once different phytophysiognomies can alter the pattern of richness and abundance of Euglossine bees species in the environment. / Os fatores abi?ticos como temperatura, umidade relativa, caracter?sticas de precipita??o e altitude podem exercer influencia sobre a comunidade de Euglossina. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram 1- Identificar as esp?cies de abelhas Euglossina que ocorrem em uma ?rea restrita de Floresta Ombr?fila Densa na APA do Pratigi ? Baixo Sul da Bahia; 2- Caracterizar a flutua??o mensal na abund?ncia local destas esp?cies; 3-Analisar se os fatores abi?ticos (temperatura, pluviosidade, umidade, e altitude) influenciaram a composi??o, riqueza e abund?ncia de abelhas Euglossina ao longo do ano; 4-Verificar se houve altera??o na composi??o de esp?cies de abelhas Euglossina em um gradiente altitudinal no sentido litoral-interior. Os machos das esp?cies foram amostrados uma vez por m?s, durante um ano, entre 09:00 e 15:00 h, com o aux?lio de armadilhas arom?ticas contendo cinamato de metila, vanilina, eucaliptol, acetato de benzila, salicilato de metila, eugenol e beta-ionona. Foram coletados 1947 machos pertencentes 3 g?neros e 25 esp?cies. As esp?cies mais abundantes foram Euglossa carolina e Euglossa ignita. A comunidade de Euglossina apresentou diferentes padr?es de flutua??o mensal nas diferentes fitofisionomias na APA do Pratigi. De um modo geral, em todas as ?reas, os maiores picos de abund?ncia ocorreram no per?odo seco. N?o houve influencia significativa das var?veis abi?ticas (temperatura, umidade, precipita??o e altitude) sobre a riqueza de esp?cies. A abund?ncia sofreu influencia positiva da temperatura, negativa da umidade e n?o sofreu influencia da precipita??o e altitude. A Diversidade H? e a Domin?ncia sofreram influencia apenas da altitude. O estudo revela a import?ncia da preserva??o de esp?cies de Euglossina em diferentes forma??es fitofisionomicas dentro do mesmo bioma, uma vez que diferen?as na fitofisionomia podem alterar o padr?o de riqueza e abund?ncia de abelhas Euglossina no ambiente.