Student Number : 0204056G - MD research report - School of Oral Health Science - Faculty of Health Sciences / Evaluating facial profiles and facial balance is a continuous learning process for orthodontists. Hence, the importance of studying the intermediate and long term effects of treatment on soft tissues cannot be overemphasized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the lip changes occuring in response to tooth movement, not only immediately post-treatment but also to following the long-term monitoring when cranio-facial growth has ceased. The lip changes were measured relative to the Burstone (B-line) line. The sample was taken from the records successfully treated orthodontic cases in the Department of Orthodontics at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. This sample comprised 18 Caucasoid females (14 extracttion, 4 non-extraction). Pre-treatment, post-treatment, and long term follow-up lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated. Statistical evaluation of the lips in the long term follow-up records revealed no statistically significant changes. The lips remained, relatively, in a similar position to that which had been attained immediately post-treatment. This was the case for both the extraction and non-extraction groups. The general lack of consistency in post-treatment correlations between dental variables and the soft tissue form supports the hypothesis that the soft tissues, having their own inherent architecture, respond independently. This varied response to tooth movement makes lip movement difficult to predict on a reliable basis. The concept that is better to finish the cases slightly more protrusive because the lips tend to lose elasticity with age and, as a result, become more retrusive, is therfore supported by these observations.

The mandible is able to move in a complex fashion, with variable combinations of both translation and rotation in three dimensions (six degrees of freedom), at any given time during function. Research into the process of accurately capturing three-dimensional functional movement of the mandible has many broad clinical applications in dentistry and medicine alike. Anatomical kinematics of the craniofacial skeleton that includes motion analysis has potential scope for clinicians in the areas of diagnostics, treatment planning and treatment outcome assessment. The aims of this study were to describe mandibular motion during opening-closing tasks of two adult subjects and one growing subject with a Class II malocclusion, undergoing growth modification with a Clark Twin Block appliance. Motion analysis recordings were taken with the use of a twelve-camera motion analysis system (Motion Analysis Corporation). The values of the kinematic variables (translation [millimeters] and rotation [degrees]) of mandibular opening-closing that were obtained were consistent and repeatable for both adult subjects throughout this study. In contrast, those values obtained from the subject who wore a functional appliance show noticeable changes in the motion patterning during the initial stages (recordings taken at four and at eight weeks) of appliance wear. These are most apparent in the translation data recorded along the anterior-posterior axis. Mandibular motion however, seemed to return to near pre-treatment patterning in this individual following one year following the initiation of the appliance wear. These observations were seen in one experimental individual. Further research is needed to elucidate whether such changes in motion patterning are seen normally in the growing individual, or, are accountable due to the clinical intervention with an orthodontic appliance. This study piloted the use of two different splint designs for the purposes of recording mandibular motion in the two adult subjects. There were no significant differences in the recording of mandibular motion between the two different splint designs. One design has been recommended for future studies due to its overall ease of fabrication and intra-oral comfort for the subjects.

<p>To compare the efficacy of two fluoride containing materials, namely, FluorSure and Duraphat, in protecting the enamel around and underneath the orthodontic brackets against decalcification.</p>

published_or_final_version / Dental Surgery / Master / Master of Dental Surgery

published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Master / Master of Orthodontics

No description available.

No description available.

<p>To compare the efficacy of two fluoride containing materials, namely, FluorSure and Duraphat, in protecting the enamel around and underneath the orthodontic brackets against decalcification.</p>

The objective of this thesis was to identify differences in torque expression between three brands of metallic self-ligating brackets with stainless steel, TMA® and CuNiTi® wire and to compare active and passive designs. 150 of each Damon-3MX (Ormco Inc, Orange, CA, USA), SPEED (Strite Industries, Cambridge, Ontario, Canada) and In-Ovation-R (GAC, Bohemia, NY, USA) brackets were measured for torque expression (Nmm) in an Air-shields Isolette® infant incubator. Torque expression in SPEED and In-Ovation-R brackets began at approximately 7.5° vs. 12° with Damon-3MX. Clinically applicable torque expression (5-20Nmm) was observed from approximately 15-30° in SPEED & In-Ovation-R brackets with stainless steel wire. In Damon-3MX, comparable torsional moments were expressed from 18-30°. With TMA wire, SPEED exerted clinically applicable torsional moments from 18-39°, In-Ovation-R from 21-39° and Damon-3MX from 21-42°. For CuNiTi wire, SPEED expressed torsional moments of 5-20Nmm from 21-72°, In-Ovation-R from 24-63° and Damon-3MX from 27-78°. / Medical Science-Orthodontics

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.