The purpose of the following thesis is evaluation of relation evolution between Turkey and European Union. Thesis is divided into four main chapters in logical subsequent order. First chapter covers the historical and economic issues from the foundation of turkish republic up to the present. Second part deals with the development description of relations between the Turkey and the Union since the fifties when the first integration attempts took place. In 1995 these attempts became real when the customs union has been set and resulted in an initiation of accession negotiations during 2005. Third chapter is dedicated to the present problems connected with Turkey accession, particularly one so called "EU absorption capacity". Last section contains opinion stands of selected member countries, both from the political elites point of view as well as the output from the public opinion polls amongst EU and Turkey citizens.

This diploma thesis deals with a question as a part of educational communication. The aim of the thesis is to analyze educational dialogue at primary school with an emphasis on the function, frequency and type of teachers' and pupils' questions. The first part of the thesis explores the theoretical background of function, frequency and typology of questions. It involves also the topic of the waiting time after asking a question, identifying the pupil who should answer, the quality of pupil's answer as well as teacher's response to it. The theoretical background is complemented by research based on analyses of three video records of lessons and interviews with teachers. One of the key findings of the research is that teacher's style of questioning is determined by his conception of teaching and the aims set.

Title: Extremal Polyominoes Author: Veronika Steffanová Department: Department of Applied Mathematics Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Pavel Valtr, Dr. Abstract: The thesis is focused on polyominoes and other planar figures consisting of regular polygons, namely polyiamonds and polyhexes. We study the basic geometrical properties: the perimeter, the convex hull and the bounding rectangle/hexagon. We maximise and minimise these parameters and for the fixed size of the polyomino, denoted by n. We compute the extremal values of a chosen parameter and then we try to enumerate all polyominoes of the size n, which has the extremal property. Some of the problems were solved by other authors. We summarise their results. Some of the problems were solved by us, namely the maximal bounding rectan- gle/hexagon and maximal convex hull of polyiamonds. There are still sev- eral topics which remain open. We summarise the literature and offer our observations for the following scientists. Keywords: Polyomino, convex hull, extremal questions, plane 1

This diploma thesis focuses on the existential themes of religious seniors. In the theoretical part the notions of 'spirituality' and 'religiosity' are discussed. The following chapters are aimed at the old age in connection to spirituality, personality development and existential questions. The data obtained through semi structured interviews with the religious seniors (n = 8, 6 females and 2 males, average age 82.25 years) are analysed and interpreted by the means of interpretative phenomenological analysis in the research part. The analysis and interpretations answer research tasks specified on broader basis as follows: a) what is characteristic for the faith of the interviewed respondents and what were the changes of faith throughout their lives; b) the way the seniors have been coping with existential themes throughout their lives, some of these being especially urgent in this age period: the meaning of life, hope for the future, the meaning of pain and suffering, coping with the mortality of themselves as well as with the one of their relatives and friends, and dealing with solitude.

The focus of the thesis is set on the controversial issues connected with a legal institute of Czech criminal law called "self-defence", and how these controversial issues were dealt with within judicial practice. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the whole topic. The second chapter describes the concept of self-defence, as well as its prerequisites. The self- defence was classed into the system of criminal law. The goal of the third chapter is to define preconditions which are necessary in connection with application of the self-defence institute. The main parts of this chapter describe firstly attacking, first of all and secondly defence. Subsections of this chapter analyse the term of attacking itself, the attacker and his characteristics, the term of harmfulness of such attacks towards society. As for the second part of the third chapter it focuses on the defence itself, its proportionality etc. The fourth chapter is about the role of judicial practice within the context of Czech legal system. This chapter serves as a relevant contribution to the main part of the thesis, which is chapter five. Chapter five introduces specific cases, especially those which were at some point controversial. The specific case is briefly described and the controversial issue is named and further...

Contentious issues of necessary defence in judicial practise Abstract The subject of this thesis is necessary defence, or more precisely some of its contentious issues that have been dealt with by Czech courts within the framework of their judicial practise. The fundamental focus of the thesis lies with the judicial decisions providing solutions to these issues, emphasis, on the other hand, is not placed on doctrinal concept of the legal institute. The thesis subjects some of the judicial decisions to evaluation and comparison with other judgments. As for the structure, the thesis is divided into a total of seven chapters with regard to the elements of necessary defence that are primarily related to the issues dealt with by the judicial practice in each particular case. The first chapter presents a brief general outline of the topic, as it pursues, above all, the function of the legal institute of necessary defence, the way how it is established within the Czech law and the character of the relevant provision of the penal code. Chapter two deals with integral prerequisites or structural elements of necessary defence, specifically attacker and defender subjects, as well as attack itself. It ponders about whether someone who is not primarily targeted by an attack can be deemed a defender. The same question is...

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the topics of crime, violence and brutality in four novels written by a contemporary British novelist Ian McEwan. The aim of the thesis is also to define the motivational development of these topics and moral questions of guilt and punishment based on the analysis of Ian McEwan's novel Solar. The goal is to reflect problems of the society of the 21st century including the basic moral questions connected with the professional life and career of McEwan's characters.

Disputed Issues of the Necessary Defence in Judicial Practice Abstract The thesis focuses on the issue of necessary defense in the Czech legal system, especially on the analysis and solution of the disputed queries that arrise when applying and interpreting this issue with respect to legal regulations. The main attention is dedicated to judicial decisions, however, some of the disputable issues addressed in the criminal law theory are not neglected. The thesis is composed of six chapters, together with the chapter of the Introduction which provides the basic definition of the issue and the main purpose of the work, and the Conclusion, which presents the final reflections on the findings and concludes the work. The First Chapter deals with general basics of criminal liability, focusing in particular on the concept of illegality, since the necessary defense is among the circumstances excluding illegality, which at the same time represents a reason for excluding the criminal liability of the acting person. The very circumstances excluding criminal liability are briefly mentioned and listed in Chapter Two. The purpose of the Third Chapter was to characterize the concept of extreme distress and to distinguish it from essential elements of the necessary defence which represents its privileged case. The main part...

This thesis examines patient recruitment in clinical trials. It is a current and pressing issue, which is not sufficiently embedded in the thinking of doctors and patients, their patterns of communication, and more broadly in the traditional doctor-patient relationship, which continues to be burdened by post-socialist paternalism. The formal framework and ethics have been developed relatively recently, and their application causes confusion to all participants regarding how to proceed in specific situations. In addition, the choice of topic, and especially the form of dealing with the topic, was motivated by the relative lack of academic resources and publications in the field. The theoretical section of the thesis defines clinical research and its phases, and introduces basic terminology and documents closely linked to clinical research. In addition, it focuses on research ethics, thoroughly examining the issue of informed consent - a fundamental document necessary for recruiting a patient in a clinical trial. Finally, one chapter of the thesis focuses on the issue of medical literacy, the level of which is integral to the participants' understanding of the importance of clinical research, and directly affects participants' decision-making. The empirical section is divided into two parts. The...

The diploma thesis deals with the detection of measurement error based on the question order using the reaction time. The major part of the theoretical chapter deals with the respondent as the source of the error. A respondent needs to proceed through a cognitive process to answer a question. Various influences affect the process and they might have an effect on the accuracy of the answer. The frequently mentioned effects are age, education and motivation of respondent. The absence of respondents' motivation might lead to a reduction of their effort to properly proceed with the cognitive process. In that case, the respondent does not dedicate the appropriate cognitive effort and time to a question in the questionnaire. That length of time, which the respondent takes to answer, is called the reaction time and it is suggested that it might be used as an indicator of the amount of cognitive effort. Based on previously executed studies, the author designed hypotheses about the change in length of the reaction time with a change of question position in a questionnaire, about the effect of respondents' characteristics on the reaction time and its shortening. The significant shortening of the reaction time on the question located closer to the end of the experimental questionnaire is used as an indicator...