Cette thèse a déterminé les rôles respectifs de la photopériode et de la température lors des différentes et successives étapes du cycle de reproduction (induction du cycle, vernalisation, ponte) chez la perche commune Perca fluviatilis femelle. La photopériode est le facteur environnemental principal qui synchronise l’induction du cycle de reproduction chez la perche commune, la température joue uniquement un rôle modulateur. Une baisse importante de la durée de la photophase de 4-8 heures est recommandée. Le maintien d'une photopériode constante basée sur une photophase longue et constante (17L : 7D) inhibe l’induction, alors que le maintien d’une température élevée et constante (22-23°C) ne le permet pas. Pour la phase de vernalisation, une photopériode de type jour court (8L : 16D) est nécessaire. Concernant les effets de la température, une forte et progressive baisse de la température (de 22 à 6°C sur 16 semaines) est recommandée pour assurer un développement gonadique complet (ovocytes aux stades de vitellogenèse avancée en fin de phase d’induction et de la maturation finale avant la période de ponte). Des baisses de température plus modérées (de 22 à 14-18°C) altèrent la reproduction, notamment pendant la phase de vernalisation. L’augmentation finale de la température après la vernalisation est le facteur principal de synchronisation de la ponte. Cette étude a permis la mise au point d’un protocole photo-thermopériodique fiable garantissant des taux d’induction et de ponte très élevés, proches de 100%, chez les femelles / This PhD thesis has determined the respective roles of photoperiod and temperature at the different and successive steps of the reproductive cycle (induction of the cycle, wintering period, spawning) in female Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis. Photoperiod is the main environmental factor which synchronizes the onset of the reproduction cycle in Eurasian perch female, temperature plays only a modulating role. A high photoperiod decrease of 4 or 8 hours is recommended. The maintenance of constant photoperiod based on a long photophase (17L: 7D) delays the onset of the reproductive cycle, whereas the maintenance of a warm and constant temperature (22-23°C) does not delay it. For the wintering period, a photoperiod with a short daylight period (8L : 16D) is required. Concerning the effect of temperature variations, a high and progressive temperature decrease (from 22 to 6°C over 16 weeks) is recommended to ensure a complete ovarian development (all oocytes achieved the advanced vitellogenesis stage at the end of the induction phase and and final maturation stage just before spawning). Slight temperature decreases (from 22 to 14-18°C) alter the reproduction, especially during the chilling period (wintering period). The final increase of temperature (up to 14°C) after the wintering period is the main factor for spawning synchronization. This study allowed the development of a reliable photo-thermal protocol for out-of-season spawning with very high rates (close to 100%) of female response and spawning

White Crappie (Pomoxis annularis) and Black Crappie (P. nigromaculatus) are popular North American gamefish; however, frequent fluctuations in year class strength present a management challenge for recreational fisheries. Intensive aquaculture production has the potential to address this challenge through controlled hatchery reproduction for supplemental stocking, but further study is needed to refine and optimize techniques. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of hormone injection timing on latency period and spawning success, examined effective cryopreservation techniques for black-stripe Black Crappie sperm (a preferred hatchery phenotype), and compared simulated spring duration on out-of-season spawning success. Latency period for White Crappie did not depend on the diel time of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone injection. Cryopreservation of black-stripe Black Crappie sperm and subsequent fertilization of White Crappie eggs was more effective using 5% dimethyl-sulfoxide than 10% methanol. A longer duration at final spring spawning conditions (3 vs. 2 weeks) increased egg fertilization in out-of-season spawning experiments.