Submitted by DHARA CARLESSO ZAMPIVA (dhara.zampiva@univates.br) on 2018-06-20T18:04:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2018StefaniStoll.pdf: 2349210 bytes, checksum: bf9fc66eaff3e59f76ec3d7a689383f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Lisboa Monteiro (monteiro@univates.br) on 2018-06-22T20:30:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2018StefaniStoll.pdf: 2349210 bytes, checksum: bf9fc66eaff3e59f76ec3d7a689383f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-22T20:30:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) 2018StefaniStoll.pdf: 2349210 bytes, checksum: bf9fc66eaff3e59f76ec3d7a689383f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-20 / CAPES / O câncer se trata de uma das principais causas de mortes no mundo, sendo o câncer de pulmão o primeiro em incidência mundial. No Brasil, o câncer de pulmão é o segundo principal responsável por mortes por câncer em homens (após câncer de próstata) e o quarto em mulheres - sendo o Rio Grande do Sul o segundo estado brasileiro com maior incidência de casos de câncer. Caracterizado pelo crescimento desordenado e desenfreado de células, o desenvolvimento tumoral é definido pela evasão da morte celular e tem sido intimamente correlacionado à inflamação. Tratamentos usuais do câncer, como quimioterapia e radioterapia, apresentam elevados efeitos adversos ao paciente, além do alto custo. Tendo em vista que a maior parte das drogas antineoplásicas produzidas são oriundas de compostos naturais ou de seus derivados, é constante a busca por novos metabólitos de origem natural, em especial os de origem vegetal - que apresentam potencial na busca por novas moléculas para síntese de fármacos. Diversos fitocomponentes, como o terpeno α-terpineol (TPN), apresentam efeito antiproliferativo e anticancerígeno em linhagens de adenocarcinoma de mama, próstata e ovário, e leucêmicas. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o potencial anti-proliferativo do TPN frente à seis linhagens tumorais humanas (A549, MCF-7, HT-29, Caco-2, LNCaP, ACP-03), sendo a A549 (câncer de pulmão) selecionada para experimentos de tratamento repetido por seis dias em associação com o quimioterápico doxorrubicina (DOXO). O mecanismo de morte celular, marcadores moleculares, atividade enzimática (JAK-3, JNK-3, p38-α), migração celular e inibição de TNF-α foram avaliados. Dentre as seis linhagens analisadas, três (A549, MCF-7, HT-29) apresentaram redução significativa da viabilidade celular após tratamento com o TPN por 48 h. A associação do TPN com a DOXO na linhagem A549 potencializou o efeito anti-proliferativo em comparação com a DOXO. Após seis dias de tratamento observou-se comportamento dose- e tempo-dependente da DOXO e do TPN sem apresentar diferença estatística entre eles. O TPN apresentou atividade inibitória da p38-α (IC50=729 μ M) e JAK3 (IC50=6,3 μM). Após 48 h de tratamento, observou-se e necrose nas células tratadas com DOXO (21,5 %) e TPN (7,3 %).Com a associação de ambas as drogas, a taxa de necrose elevou-se para 33,5 %, bem como para os seis dias de tratamento (52,3 %). Observou-se ainda, redução da migração celular após 120 h de tratamento com o TPN em comparação ao controle. Com base no exposto acima, o TPN apresenta potencial como biomolécula para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos ou mesmo seu uso, como coadjuvante no tratamento de câncer de pulmão humano. / Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with lung cancer as the major one. In Brazil, lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men (after the prostate cancer) and fourth in women. Rio Grande do Sul is the second Brazilian state with the highest incidence of cancer. Characterized by disordered cell growth, tumor development is defined by cell death evasion and has been closely correlated to inflammation. Standard cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cause adverse effects on patients. Considering that most of the antineoplastic drugs produced are derived from natural compounds or their derivatives, natural products (especially those of plant origin) present potential in the search for new molecules for drug synthesis. Several phytoconstituents, such as the terpene α-terpineol (TPN), have antiproliferative and anticancer effects in cell lines of breast, prostate and ovary carcinomas, and leukemic cells. In the present study, the anti-proliferative potential of TPN on six human tumor cell lines (A549, MCF-7, HT-29, Caco-2, LNCaP and ACP-03) was evaluated. The A549 cell line (lung adenocarcinoma) was selected for experiments of six days with TPN and doxorubicin (DOXO) co-treatment. Mechanisms of cell death, molecular markers, enzymatic activity (JAK-3, JNK-3, p38-α), cell migration and inhibition of TNF-α were evaluated. Among the six lines, three of them (A549, MCF-7, HT-29) have shown a significant reduction of cell viability after 48 h treatment with TPN. Co-treatment of TPN and DOXO on A549 potentiated the antiproliferative effect compared with DOXO treatment. After six days of treatment, dose and time-dependent effect of DOXO and TPN were observed. TPN showed inhibitory activity on p38-α (IC50 = 729 μM) and JAK3 (IC50 = 6.3 μM). After 48 h of treatment, necrosis was observed in cells treated with DOXO (21,5 %) and TPN (7,3 %). The co-treatment of both drugs increased the necrosis rate up to 33,5 %, as well in the 6th day of treatment (52,3 %). It was also observed a cell migration reduction after 120 h of TPN treatment in comparison with control. Based on that, TPN can be characterized as a potential biomolecule for new drugs development or even its use as adjuvant in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

Les expériences suivantes testent l’hypothèse que la sérine/thréonine kinase p38α/β MAPK inhibe la rentrée dans le cycle cellulaire des cardiomyocytes ventriculaires de rats nouveau-nés (CVRNs), et induit l’expression d’un panel de cytokines/chimiokines inflammatoires. Le traitement des CVRNs par le phorbol 12,13-butyrate (PDBu), activateur de la protéine kinase C (PKC), aboutit au recrutement de l’isoforme conventionnelle (PKC-α) et des isoformes nouvelles (PKC-δ et PKC-ε) de PKC en l’absence de la rentrée dans le cycle cellulaire. Cette absence d’entrée dans le cycle cellulaire à la suite du traitement par PDBu est associée à une augmentation d’expression des ARNm des gènes qui bloquent la rentrée dans le cycle cellulaire. Les gènes comprennent Runx1(Runt-related transcription factor 1) et CDKN2a (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) également connu sous le nom de p16, inhibiteur du cycle cellulaire. En présence de l’inhibiteur de p38α/β MAPK, SB203580, le traitement PDBu induit une entrée dans le cycle cellulaire de deux populations distinctes de cardiomyocytes caractérisées par l’absence ou l’expression de novo de la protéine filamenteuse Nestine. En parallèle, le co-traitement PDBu/SB203580 atténue l’augmentation du niveau d’expression de l’ARNm de Runx1 et CDKN2a. L’inhibition pharmacologique du recrutement de PKC-α par GF109203X, inhibe sélectivement la rentrée dans le cycle cellulaire des CVRNs qui présentent une expression de novo de Nestine. En parallèle, le traitement par PDBu augmente le niveau d’ARNm d’un panel de cytokines inflammatoires et la co-administration de SB203580 inhibe cette réponse. Ces données révèlent que le cœur des rats nouveau-nés contient deux sous-populations distinctes de cardiomyocytes ventriculaires qui rentrent dans le cycle cellulaire à la suite d’un co-traitement PDBu / SB203580, et que la réponse proliférative est associée à une diminution des cytokines inflammatoires. Collectivement, ces résultats mettent en relief une nouvelle prémisse selon laquelle le recrutement de p38α/β MAPK médié par PKC-α joue un rôle central dans l’inhibition de l’entrée dans le cycle cellulaire et induit une réponse inflammatoire robuste par les CRVNs. / The following experiments test the hypothesis that the serine/threonine kinase p38α/β MAPK inhibits the cell cycle re-entry of neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NNVMs) and induces the expression of a panel of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines. Treatment of NNVMs with phorbol 12,13-butyrate (PDBu), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), results in the recruitment of the conventional isoform (PKC-α) and novel isoforms (PKC-δ and PKC-ε) of PKC in the absence of cell cycle re-entry. This lack of cell cycle re-entry following PDBu treatment is associated with an increase in the expression of mRNA of genes that inhibit cell cycle re-entry. These genes include Runx1 (Runt-related transcription factor 1) and CDKN2a (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A), also known as p16, a cell cycle inhibitor. In the presence of the p38α/β MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, PDBu treatment induces cell cycle re-entry in two distinct populations of cardiomyocytes characterized by the absence or de novo expression of the filamentous protein Nestin. In parallel, co-treatment with PDBu/SB203580 attenuates the increase in Runx1 and CDKN2a mRNA levels. Pharmacological inhibition of PKC-α recruitment by GF109203X selectively inhibits cell cycle re-entry of NNVMs exhibiting de novo Nestin expression. Additionally, PDBu treatment increases the mRNA levels of a panel of inflammatory cytokines, and co-administration of SB203580 inhibits this response. These data reveal that the heart of neonatal rats contain two distinct subpopulations of ventricular cardiomyocytes that re-enter the cell cycle following PDBu/SB203580 co-treatment, and that the proliferative response is associated with a decrease in inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, these results highlight a novel premise whereby p38α/β MAPK recruitment mediated by PKC-α plays a central role in inhibiting cell cycle re-entry and induces a robust inflammatory response by NNVMs.