As trajetórias e as atuações profissionais de duas personalidades emblemáticas do campo artístico-intelectual das Américas no século XX – Alan Lomax e Radamés Gnattali – apresentam-se nesta investigação como elementos centrais para a aproximação entre os projetos político-culturais implementados no âmbito das relações Brasil-EUA no período entre 1939 e 1945. O agenciamento desses atores foi determinante na criação de modelos de performatização musical utilizados em programas radiofônicos de conteúdo "folclórico", que, segundo se infere, contribuíram para as transformações políticas e culturais por que passaram ambos os países durante a 2ª Guerra Mundial. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, a hipótese que justifica uma aproximação entre os projetos é que tanto as técnicas de arranjo utilizadas por Gnattali para os programas feitos em parceria com Almirante na Rádio Nacional do Brasil (1941-1945) como as performances musicais conduzidas por Lomax e seus convidados nos programas da CBS nos EUA (1939-1941) podem ser interpretadas como processos de agenciamento entre os produtores, os grupos sociais representados nos programas, os modelos ideológicos defendidos por intelectuais especializados no estudo do folclore e os interesses políticos dos regimes. Esses núcleos de poder, portanto, se relacionariam de forma heterogênea em relação à identidade nacional nos diferentes contextos em que foram inseridos. Por meio de exemplos de programas da série Wellspring of music – escrita e produzida por Alan Lomax para o projeto American School of the Air – e da série Aquarelas do Brasil – produzida por Radamés Gnattali, Almirante e José Mauro e patrocinada pela empresa norte-americana Pan-American World Airlines –, busca-se examinar as estratégias utilizadas para a criação dos modelos de performance musical responsáveis pelos processos de comunicação simbólica operados pelos programas, que teriam contribuído tanto no Brasil como nos EUA para a construção de identidades nacionais utilizadas nos contextos regionais e pan-americanos. / The study of the trajectories and professional activities of two emblematic personalities on the artistic and intellectual scene of the Americas in the 20th century – Alan Lomax and Radames Gnattali – present themselves in this investigation as central elements in the analysis between the cultural projects and policies implemented under Brazil-US relations in the period between 1939-1945. To this end, this research seeks to examine, through a theoretical and methodological perspective, how the these actors’ agency were instrumental in creating different performance models related with "folk" content used in radio shows that intended to contribute to the political and cultural transformations faced by both countries during the Second World War. The hypothesis for this relationship between the trajectories is that both Gnattali’s arrangement techniques used in the programs in partnership with Almirante at the National Radio of Brazil (1941-1945), and the idealized musical performances used by Lomax and his partners for the series produced by CBS in the USA (1939-1941), could be perceived as mediation processes between the social groups represented on the radio shows, the ideological models advocated by intellectuals linked to folklore, and the political interests that took part in national and international schemes. These centers of power, therefore, would deal heterogeneously in relation to their identities in the contexts in which they were performed. Using examples of two programs – one from the series "Wellspring of Music," written and produced by Lomax that was part of the project American School of the Air, and one from the program "Aquarelas do Brasil" [Watercolors of Brazil] produced by Radamés Gnattali and Almirante and sponsored by Pan American World Airlines—the research will also highlight the strategies used in the musical performances developed by those radio producers as a mediation field in relation to the semiotic process, as sound material became important symbols of national identity used in national and Pan-American projects.

As trajetórias e as atuações profissionais de duas personalidades emblemáticas do campo artístico-intelectual das Américas no século XX – Alan Lomax e Radamés Gnattali – apresentam-se nesta investigação como elementos centrais para a aproximação entre os projetos político-culturais implementados no âmbito das relações Brasil-EUA no período entre 1939 e 1945. O agenciamento desses atores foi determinante na criação de modelos de performatização musical utilizados em programas radiofônicos de conteúdo "folclórico", que, segundo se infere, contribuíram para as transformações políticas e culturais por que passaram ambos os países durante a 2ª Guerra Mundial. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, a hipótese que justifica uma aproximação entre os projetos é que tanto as técnicas de arranjo utilizadas por Gnattali para os programas feitos em parceria com Almirante na Rádio Nacional do Brasil (1941-1945) como as performances musicais conduzidas por Lomax e seus convidados nos programas da CBS nos EUA (1939-1941) podem ser interpretadas como processos de agenciamento entre os produtores, os grupos sociais representados nos programas, os modelos ideológicos defendidos por intelectuais especializados no estudo do folclore e os interesses políticos dos regimes. Esses núcleos de poder, portanto, se relacionariam de forma heterogênea em relação à identidade nacional nos diferentes contextos em que foram inseridos. Por meio de exemplos de programas da série Wellspring of music – escrita e produzida por Alan Lomax para o projeto American School of the Air – e da série Aquarelas do Brasil – produzida por Radamés Gnattali, Almirante e José Mauro e patrocinada pela empresa norte-americana Pan-American World Airlines –, busca-se examinar as estratégias utilizadas para a criação dos modelos de performance musical responsáveis pelos processos de comunicação simbólica operados pelos programas, que teriam contribuído tanto no Brasil como nos EUA para a construção de identidades nacionais utilizadas nos contextos regionais e pan-americanos. / The study of the trajectories and professional activities of two emblematic personalities on the artistic and intellectual scene of the Americas in the 20th century – Alan Lomax and Radames Gnattali – present themselves in this investigation as central elements in the analysis between the cultural projects and policies implemented under Brazil-US relations in the period between 1939-1945. To this end, this research seeks to examine, through a theoretical and methodological perspective, how the these actors’ agency were instrumental in creating different performance models related with "folk" content used in radio shows that intended to contribute to the political and cultural transformations faced by both countries during the Second World War. The hypothesis for this relationship between the trajectories is that both Gnattali’s arrangement techniques used in the programs in partnership with Almirante at the National Radio of Brazil (1941-1945), and the idealized musical performances used by Lomax and his partners for the series produced by CBS in the USA (1939-1941), could be perceived as mediation processes between the social groups represented on the radio shows, the ideological models advocated by intellectuals linked to folklore, and the political interests that took part in national and international schemes. These centers of power, therefore, would deal heterogeneously in relation to their identities in the contexts in which they were performed. Using examples of two programs – one from the series "Wellspring of Music," written and produced by Lomax that was part of the project American School of the Air, and one from the program "Aquarelas do Brasil" [Watercolors of Brazil] produced by Radamés Gnattali and Almirante and sponsored by Pan American World Airlines—the research will also highlight the strategies used in the musical performances developed by those radio producers as a mediation field in relation to the semiotic process, as sound material became important symbols of national identity used in national and Pan-American projects.

As trajetórias e as atuações profissionais de duas personalidades emblemáticas do campo artístico-intelectual das Américas no século XX – Alan Lomax e Radamés Gnattali – apresentam-se nesta investigação como elementos centrais para a aproximação entre os projetos político-culturais implementados no âmbito das relações Brasil-EUA no período entre 1939 e 1945. O agenciamento desses atores foi determinante na criação de modelos de performatização musical utilizados em programas radiofônicos de conteúdo "folclórico", que, segundo se infere, contribuíram para as transformações políticas e culturais por que passaram ambos os países durante a 2ª Guerra Mundial. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, a hipótese que justifica uma aproximação entre os projetos é que tanto as técnicas de arranjo utilizadas por Gnattali para os programas feitos em parceria com Almirante na Rádio Nacional do Brasil (1941-1945) como as performances musicais conduzidas por Lomax e seus convidados nos programas da CBS nos EUA (1939-1941) podem ser interpretadas como processos de agenciamento entre os produtores, os grupos sociais representados nos programas, os modelos ideológicos defendidos por intelectuais especializados no estudo do folclore e os interesses políticos dos regimes. Esses núcleos de poder, portanto, se relacionariam de forma heterogênea em relação à identidade nacional nos diferentes contextos em que foram inseridos. Por meio de exemplos de programas da série Wellspring of music – escrita e produzida por Alan Lomax para o projeto American School of the Air – e da série Aquarelas do Brasil – produzida por Radamés Gnattali, Almirante e José Mauro e patrocinada pela empresa norte-americana Pan-American World Airlines –, busca-se examinar as estratégias utilizadas para a criação dos modelos de performance musical responsáveis pelos processos de comunicação simbólica operados pelos programas, que teriam contribuído tanto no Brasil como nos EUA para a construção de identidades nacionais utilizadas nos contextos regionais e pan-americanos. / The study of the trajectories and professional activities of two emblematic personalities on the artistic and intellectual scene of the Americas in the 20th century – Alan Lomax and Radames Gnattali – present themselves in this investigation as central elements in the analysis between the cultural projects and policies implemented under Brazil-US relations in the period between 1939-1945. To this end, this research seeks to examine, through a theoretical and methodological perspective, how the these actors’ agency were instrumental in creating different performance models related with "folk" content used in radio shows that intended to contribute to the political and cultural transformations faced by both countries during the Second World War. The hypothesis for this relationship between the trajectories is that both Gnattali’s arrangement techniques used in the programs in partnership with Almirante at the National Radio of Brazil (1941-1945), and the idealized musical performances used by Lomax and his partners for the series produced by CBS in the USA (1939-1941), could be perceived as mediation processes between the social groups represented on the radio shows, the ideological models advocated by intellectuals linked to folklore, and the political interests that took part in national and international schemes. These centers of power, therefore, would deal heterogeneously in relation to their identities in the contexts in which they were performed. Using examples of two programs – one from the series "Wellspring of Music," written and produced by Lomax that was part of the project American School of the Air, and one from the program "Aquarelas do Brasil" [Watercolors of Brazil] produced by Radamés Gnattali and Almirante and sponsored by Pan American World Airlines—the research will also highlight the strategies used in the musical performances developed by those radio producers as a mediation field in relation to the semiotic process, as sound material became important symbols of national identity used in national and Pan-American projects.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-25T10:38:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 juliamariajunqueiradebarros.pdf: 967072 bytes, checksum: 6472908c8a74c6f2a3c9166ac13b8110 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T18:58:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 juliamariajunqueiradebarros.pdf: 967072 bytes, checksum: 6472908c8a74c6f2a3c9166ac13b8110 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T18:58:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 juliamariajunqueiradebarros.pdf: 967072 bytes, checksum: 6472908c8a74c6f2a3c9166ac13b8110 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-20 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / O presente trabalho visa colaborar para o enriquecimento da discussão acerca das relações entre religião e os diversos âmbitos da vida social. Aqui se buscou compreender os pontos de vista vigentes nos meios protestantes e no seio do movimento missionário no inicio do século XX. Procurou-se fazer isso através de fontes primárias, produzidas por Erasmo Braga e pelas comissões relatoras do Congresso da Ação Cristã na América Latina, o Congresso do Panamá e da leitura de obras acerca da história do movimento missionário protestante, da historia do protestantismo, do movimento de cooperação, das teologias em desenvolvimento no século XX, de obras biográficas sobre Erasmo Braga, bem como obras de história geral, do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos. Nossa intenção foi estabelecer as relações entre o movimento religioso, as questões sociais, econômicas, históricas em andamento à época e compreender as influências de todas essas questões no movimento missionário e a reação deste e de Erasmo Braga às variáveis levantadas. / The present work intends to collaborate for the enrichment of the discussion on religion and it’s relations with the various aspects of social life. Here we sought to understand the points of view prevailing in Protestant circles and within the missionary movement in the early twentieth century. We sought to do this through primary sources produced by Erasmo Braga and by the committees of the Congress on Christian Work in Latin America, the Congress of Panama (1916) and also by reading works about the history of the Protestant missionary movement, the history of Protestantism, the cooperative movement, the theologies being developed in the twentieth century, biographical works about Erasmo Braga, as well as works of Brazilian and the United States general histories. Our intention was to establish the relationship between the religious movement, the social, economic and historical issues in progress at the time, and to understand this issues influence over the missionary movement and the reactions of this movement and of Erasmo Braga to the raised variables.

S’inscrivant dans le champ de l’histoire des relations culturelles internationales, cette thèse analyse de manière comparatiste l’élaboration d’une diplomatie culturelle par l’Argentine, le Brésil et le Chili dans la période de l’entre-deux-guerres, en s’appuyant sur des organismes de coopération intellectuelle à vocation internationale ou régionale. Notre but est de montrer comment, à partir des toiles tissées par les différentes structures et dynamiques de la coopération intellectuelle, internationale, continentale ou latino-américaine, l’Argentine, le Brésil et le Chili ont forgé les instruments d’une diplomatie culturelle et ont bâti une certaine image d’eux-mêmes sur la scène internationale. Cette thèse vise à montrer que les initiatives argentine, brésilienne et chilienne sur le terrain de la diplomatie culturelle ne prennent corps et sens que dans la mesure où elles s’insèrent dans des dynamiques qui dépassent leurs frontières.Dans le cadre d’une étude sur la diplomatie culturelle, qui implique que le pays qui en fait usage ait une image à proposer sur la scène internationale, la question de l’identité nationale est au cœur de la réflexion. Nous nous inscrivons donc dans une perspective qui relève tout autant de l’histoire des relations internationales que de l’histoire culturelle, aux confins des débats sur l’identité nationale et sur la définition de la politique étrangère. / Contributing to the field of history of international cultural relations, this thesis proposes a comparative analysis of the engagement in cultural diplomacy by Argentina, Brazil and Chile in the period between the two World Wars. This surge in cultural diplomacy relied upon organizations for intellectual cooperation, both on an international and regional level. The goal of this work is to show how, from various networks embedded in the structures and dynamics of international, continental and Latin American intellectual cooperation, Argentina, Brazil and Chile forged deliberate instruments of cultural diplomacy and constructed a certain image of themselves on the international scene. This thesis aims to show that these initiatives in cultural diplomacy could neither have happened nor acquired their importance without being part of larger dynamics transcending their own national borders. At the heart of any reflection on cultural diplomacy and its concern with projections of national images into international settings is the question of national identity. Therefore, the work takes a perspective that is as much part of history of international relations as it is cultural history, retracing the frontier of debates on national identity and the definition of foreign policy.