The purpose of this study is to provide a measurement of selected parental attitudes and an evaluation of the effectiveness of Parent Groups as instruments for promoting attitude changes in a positive direction.

It is currently estimated that over one-third of children aged 6-11 years in the United States are overweight or obese with some of the highest rates documented in Southern Appalachia. Primary care providers are uniquely positioned to intervene, however, lack of time as well as training and confidence in using behavioral techniques have been cited as barriers. Recommended strategies include use of a multidisciplinary team approach, family-centered communication, behavioral strategies, and care delivery following the chronic care model, including enhancement of parent self-management. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a parent-mediated approach utilizing physician’s brief motivational interviewing and parent group sessions to treat child overweight and obesity in the primary care setting in Southern Appalachia. The current study enrolled 67 children (5-11 years) with BMI≥85th percentile and a parent/primary caregiver from four primary care practices in Southern Appalachia. The two participating Pediatric practices and two Family Medicine practices were randomized to intervention or usual care control groups. Providers in the intervention group were trained to deliver two individual visits, using brief motivational interviewing and following the AAP 15-minutes obesity prevention protocol, and four group visits using the NIH We Can! Curriculum with parents over an 8-10 week period. Trained study staff also completed four phone calls using brief motivational interviewing with parents following each group visit. Child weight and height and parent surveys were collected for both intervention and control groups at baseline, three, and six months. Additionally, parents in the intervention group completed We Can! surveys at baseline and following the fourth group session. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to test for the effect of treatment on zBMI at three and six months post-intervention. We Can! survey results were analyzed using paired t-tests. Data on 53 (82%) and 46 (69%) of participants was available at 3 and 6 months, respectively. While the point estimate of the treatment effect was in the expected direction, the effect of treatment assignment did not have a statistically significant effect on the zBMI at either three or six months. However, significant (p This study provides preliminary data on the use of a combination of individual and group visits with parents to treat overweight and obesity in children in primary care.

Adoption är ett av många sätt att bilda familj på, dock är det inte så vanligt i vårt samhälle. Då adoption inte är vanligt förekommande finns det inte heller mycket kunskap kring adoptionsprocessen därför har vårt syfte varit att undersöka vilka emotioner som uppkommer i adoptionsprocessen och hur dessa bearbetas både inom individen och i en gemenskap. Vårt syfte var att undersöka hur paren och den enskilda individen hanterar emotionerna som uppkommer i adoptionsprocessen men även hur normerna påverkar synen på adoptivföräldrar. Därefter ville vi även se hur den enskilda individen kunde genomgå denna process och om föräldragruppen hade någon betydelse. För att ta reda på detta utförde vi fyra solidariska intervjuer med fyra olika par som ingick i samma föräldragrupp. Materialet analyserades utifrån tre teoretiska utgångspunkter, normer enligt M. Foucualt, T. Scheffs begrepp skam och stolthet samt S. Freuds försvarsmekanismer. Med hjälp av dessa teorier kom vi fram till att adoption som familjebildning ses som normbrytande då dessa föräldrar väljer att inte skaffa biologiska barn, vårt resultat visade även att föräldrarna använde sig av försvarsmekanismer för att försvara sig mot ångest och depressiva känslor i olika delar av adoptionsprocessen samt att föräldragruppen hade en stor betydelse. / Adoption is one of many ways to start a family on, however, it’s not so common in our society. When adoption is not usual, there is not much knowledge about the adoption process, therefore our aim was to explore the emotions that arise in the adoption process and how they are processed in both the individual and in the affinity. Our aim was to examine how the pairs and the individual dealing with emotions that arise in the adoption process, but also how the norms affect the view of adoptive parents. Then we wanted to see how the individual could go through the adoption process and if the parent group was important. We have performed four interviews with four couples that was part of the same parent group. The materials were analyzed according to three theoretical points, norms according to M. Foucault, T. Scheffs concept of shame and pride and S. Freuds defense mechanisms. By using these theories we concluded that adoption as a family formation is seen as norm-breaking, when the parents choose not to have biological children, our results also showed that parents used the defense to defend against anxiety and depressive feelings in different parts of the adoption process and that the parents' group had a significant impact.

The problem of this study concerns the effects of a parent group counseling procedure and an individual consultation procedure upon (1) the attitude of the parents, (2) the school-related behavior of the children, (3) the academic grades of the children, (4) the peer relations of the children, and (5) self-concept of the children. The results of this investigation indicated no significant differences in procedures for affecting behavior changes on the variables examined. Generally, parent group counseling appeared to generate more pervasive changes affecting multiple behaviors in their children than individual consultation with the parents.

<p>Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka hur deltagare upplever en föräldragrupps innehåll och utförande på ett familjecentrum. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats, där åtta föräldrar intervjuades. Datamaterial bearbetades och analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys, och studiens teoretiska tolkningsram utgjordes av ett systemteoretiskt perspektiv, Putnams och Bourdieus teori om socialt kapital samt Eriksons psykosociala utvecklingsteori. Betydelsefulla resultat var att föräldragruppen upplevdes som viktig, framför allt för att etablera nya sociala kontakter, uppleva trygghet och stöd från andra nyblivna föräldrar. Det var även viktigt med en ledare med social kompetens, där lyhördhet och flexibilitet var några betydelsefulla egenskaper. Det framkom också att den information som gavs inte var mest väsentlig, utan att den sociala interaktionen mellan föräldrarna var främsta anledning till deltagandet. Att bli förälder var även något som resultatet visade vara påfrestande för både individ och parrelation.</p> / <p>The purpose of this study was to examine how participants experience the content and design, in a parent group. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach, in which eight parents were interviewed. Data material has been processed and analyzed with a qualitative manifest content analysis, and the study's theoretical framework consider primarily the perspective of systems, Putnam's and Bourdieu's theory of social capital and Erikson's psychosocial development theory. Significant results were that the parent group was perceived as important, especially to establish new social contacts, experience and safeness reliance from another first-time parent. It was also important to have a leader with social competence, where sensitivity and flexibility were significant quality. It also emerged that the information that was provided was not the most significant, instead the interaction between the parents was the main reason for participation. The results also show that becoming a parent was a draining process both to themselves and their relationship</p><p>.</p>

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka hur deltagare upplever en föräldragrupps innehåll och utförande på ett familjecentrum. Studien genomfördes med en kvalitativ ansats, där åtta föräldrar intervjuades. Datamaterial bearbetades och analyserades med hjälp av en kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys, och studiens teoretiska tolkningsram utgjordes av ett systemteoretiskt perspektiv, Putnams och Bourdieus teori om socialt kapital samt Eriksons psykosociala utvecklingsteori. Betydelsefulla resultat var att föräldragruppen upplevdes som viktig, framför allt för att etablera nya sociala kontakter, uppleva trygghet och stöd från andra nyblivna föräldrar. Det var även viktigt med en ledare med social kompetens, där lyhördhet och flexibilitet var några betydelsefulla egenskaper. Det framkom också att den information som gavs inte var mest väsentlig, utan att den sociala interaktionen mellan föräldrarna var främsta anledning till deltagandet. Att bli förälder var även något som resultatet visade vara påfrestande för både individ och parrelation. / The purpose of this study was to examine how participants experience the content and design, in a parent group. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach, in which eight parents were interviewed. Data material has been processed and analyzed with a qualitative manifest content analysis, and the study's theoretical framework consider primarily the perspective of systems, Putnam's and Bourdieu's theory of social capital and Erikson's psychosocial development theory. Significant results were that the parent group was perceived as important, especially to establish new social contacts, experience and safeness reliance from another first-time parent. It was also important to have a leader with social competence, where sensitivity and flexibility were significant quality. It also emerged that the information that was provided was not the most significant, instead the interaction between the parents was the main reason for participation. The results also show that becoming a parent was a draining process both to themselves and their relationship .