Various assumptions exist regarding the relationship between socio-economic factors as income and education, and personal factors as age and gender, and political participation. In an attempt to test the veracity of these widely held assumptions, this study initially examines the relationship between socio-economic factors (education and income) and personal factors (age and gender) and political participation. Secondly, interest and perception of people about politics and municipal administration were investigated to be able to set some policy proposal for encouraging participation of people in politics. In order to reveal the effects of these factors on participation of people, a survey study was applied to residents in Bodrum. The study encompasses a questionnaire and in-depth interviews. According to results of the research / effects of some of these socio-economic and personal factors on political participation were observed but it was also seen that especially some other factors as income, generated no differentiation between participants. There have been gained some implications not in accordance with mainstream literature. However, political perception and interest of people show us that act of voting and political parties are seen as the main, even only, actors of political participation. In other words, people seem having a narrow political interest and perception. In addition, findings of the survey suggest that some initiatives should be composed on the initiative of municipal administration to encourage participation of people in politics.

Family and school are the two major socialization agents for young people with important implications for their social, psychological and cognitive development. This thesis aimed to investigate the extent to which family conditions in terms of parental attachment and support (PAS) and school conditions in terms of participation and teacher support were associated with adolescents’ psychosomatic health. The thesis also explored whether school participation and support (SPS) could compensate for the potentially negative health implications of experiencing poor relational support at home. Association patterns according to gender and grade were also investigated. Data were derived from a classroom survey of all ninth and eleventh-grade students carried out in Stockholm 2006 (n=9,560). Results from linear regression analyses showed that both PAS and SPS were negatively associated with psychosomatic complaints. Gender and grade differences were also noted in respect to PAS and SPS as well as in the interaction between them. The study failed to find a compensatory function of school characteristics for less advantaged students, but modifying effects were nevertheless found. Students with a combination of high PAS and low SPS had worse health than expected, thus indicating that poor condition in school modifies the positive health effect of PAS in a negative way.

Los estereotipos de género prevalecen en el lugar de trabajo. Esto infringe la igualdad de género y generalmente afecta el desempeño laboral subjetivo. Esta investigación estudia la percepción de un grupo de empleados bancarios sobre las construcciones sociales que existen en la sociedad sobre género y analiza la relación de estas percepciones en el desempeño laboral subjetivo. Para ello, se aplicaron 382 encuestas a personas pertenecientes a la fuerza laboral de los bancos peruanos en el año 2021. Se analizaron tres áreas para la variable género: brecha salarial, participación del género en un puesto laboral y demanda familiar. Los resultados mostraron de los cuestionarios aplicados mostraron que el género y el desempeño laboral no tienen una relación. Sin embargo, la percepción de las tres áreas estudiadas de la variable género si tienen relación con el desempeño laboral subjetivo. / Gender stereotypes are prevalent in the workplace. This violates gender equality and usually affects the subjective job performance. This research studies the perception of a group of bank employees about the social constructions that exist in the society on gender and analyze the relationship of these perceptions on the subjective job performance. To do this, 382 surveys were applied to people belonging to the labor force in Peruvian banks. Three areas were analyzed for the gender variable: wage gap, participation of gender in a job position and family demand. On the other hand, for the job performance variable, a survey of twenty-three questions has been taken based on the questionnaire by Volkan, A., Rabia, C. and Edina, A. The results showed that gender and job performance are not related. However, the perception of the three studied areas of the gender variable is related to subjective job performance. / Tesis