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The processes by which the three particle final state is formed in the He³(He³,2p)He⁴ reaction were investigated by observing the angular distribution of coincidence events between the two protons as a function of the angle between the protons. The reaction mechanism was determined by comparing the experimental distribution with those predicted for the various possible processes obtained from kinematic and phase space arguments. The reaction was found to proceed predominantly by sequential decays through unbound intermediate states and to a lesser extent by a direct instantaneous three body breakup. The majority of the two stage decays passed through the ground state of Li⁵ , The mean lifetime of this state was measured and found to be (1.0 ± .3) x 10⁻²¹ sec There was also good evidence of a sequential decay through the diproton state. In order to fit the shape of the observed distribution it was necessary to assume that a diproton system exists which is unbound by 600 keV and has a mean lifetime of 1.5 x 10⁻²² sec However another possible interpretation is that a direct breakup occurs and the angular distribution of the protons is distorted by an attractive final state two proton interaction similar to the scattering interaction, although whether this interaction would be strong enough to produce the observed distribution is not known. A more quantitative three body decay theory is therefore necessary in order to draw any firm conclusions about the existence of the diproton state. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

Maxwel l's equations for the vacuum are invariant under the duality rotation; however, the significance of this invariance is not well understood. The purpose of this thesis is to consider the duality rotation in greater detail than has been done previously. The duality invariance of Maxwell's equations is discussed, and it is shown that the only duality invariants bilinear in the electric and magnetic fields are arbitrary linear combinations of the components of the stress-energy-momentum tensor. It is also shown that the most general linear field transformation which leaves Maxwell's vacuum equations invariant is the duality rotation. The usual Lagrangian density for the electromagnetic field does not exhibit duality invariance. It is shown, however, that if one takes the components of the electromagnetic field tensor as field variables, then the most general Lorentz invariant Lagrangian density bilinear in the electomagnetic fields and their first derivatives is determined uniquely by the requirement of duality invariance. The ensuing field equations are identical with the iterated Maxwell equations. It is further shown that in neutrino theory the Pauli transformation of the second kind corresponds to the duality rotation. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

We consider the anomalous magnetic moment of the W boson, ĸ, from an experimental and from a theoretical point of view. In the first chapter,we consider five experiments where this parameter could in principle be measured. Our results show that the W pair-production remains the best process to measure ĸ. Single W production is very sensitive to ĸ, but it is plagued by very small cross-sections. Photon-electron colliders can also be valuable for measuring ĸ through single W production. In the second chapter, we consider a composite model where ĸ is essentially free. We found that it is impossible to rule out such a model from a single measurement of ĸ. We give detailed production rates for these processes. In the second half of the thesis, we set limits on the corrections to ĸ at the one loop level; first in the minimal SM and then in a two-Higgs-doublet model. The main results are that measured corrections of 0.1 would clearly indicate non-perturbative physics while the minimal SM can accommodate corrections up to 0.02. Possible extensions of the SM cannot increase this figure by much: unless one is willing to introduce several extra weakly interacting families, it remains that 75%, or more, of the corrections will arise from the minimal SM. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

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