Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 39-11, Section: B, page: 5333. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1978.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 39-11, Section: B, page: 5170. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Florida State University, 1978.

by Charles Yuk-Po Lo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 179-188. / Abstract --- p.1 / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1 --- The shoulder complex --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Reactions of overuse --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Controversies --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- The Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5 --- Objectives --- p.12 / Chapter 1.6 --- Methodology --- p.16 / Chapter 1.7 --- Scope --- p.18 / Chapter 1.8 --- Definition of terms --- p.22 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1 --- Functional anatomy of the shoulder complex --- p.24 / Chapter 2.2 --- Shoulder impingement syndrome --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3 --- Forces upon the supraspinatus tendon --- p.39 / Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.43 / Chapter 3.1 --- Epidemiological survey --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2 --- Standardization of assessment --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3 --- Isokinetic evaluation --- p.60 / Chapter 3.4 --- Biomechanical study of stress upon supraspinatus tendon --- p.77 / Chapter 3.5 --- Data analysis --- p.88 / Chapter IV. --- RESULTS --- p.90 / Chapter 4.1 --- Epidemiological survey --- p.92 / Chapter 4.2 --- Standardization of assessment --- p.105 / Chapter 4.3 --- Isokinetic evaluation --- p.106 / Chapter 4.4 --- Biomechanical study --- p.111 / Chapter 4.5 --- Correlation between angle of maximal stress with isokinetic finding --- p.117 / Chapter V. --- DISCUSSION --- p.124 / Chapter 5.1 --- Epidemiological survey --- p.124 / Chapter 5.2 --- Standardization of assessment --- p.129 / Chapter 5.3 --- Isokinetic evaluation --- p.130 / Chapter 5.4 --- Biomechanical study --- p.133 / Chapter VI. --- CONCUSION --- p.139 / Chapter VII. --- APPENDICES --- p.142 / Chapter 3.1 --- Questionnaire --- p.142 / Chapter 3.2 --- Stage score --- p.145 / Chapter 3.3 --- Pain score --- p.146 / Chapter 3.4 --- Activity score --- p.147 / Chapter 3.5 --- Assessment form --- p.148 / Chapter 3.6 --- Defining dominant side --- p.152 / Chapter 3.7 --- Pattern of load during calibration --- p.153 / Chapter 3.8 --- Calibration of load cell --- p.154 / Chapter 4.1 --- Format for input of isokinetic data --- p.156 / Chapter 4.2 --- Log command for analysing isokinetic data --- p.157 / Chapter 4.3 --- Isokinetic performance of impingement subjects --- p.160 / Chapter 4.4 --- Isokinetic performance of control subjects --- p.161 / Chapter 4.5 --- Log command for the comparison between impingement and control groups --- p.162 / Chapter 4.6 --- Comparison of isokinetic performance between impingement & control subjects --- p.164 / Chapter 4.7 --- Format for input of body weight ratio data --- p.165 / Chapter 4.8 --- Log command for analysing body weight ratio data --- p.166 / Chapter 4.9 --- Format for input of biomechanical study data --- p.167 / Chapter 4.10 --- Raw data of biomechanical study --- p.168 / Chapter 4.11 --- Analysis of maximal stress at 100° shoulder flexion/abduction --- p.169 / Chapter 4.12 --- Analysis of stress in biomechanical study --- p.170 / Chapter 4.13 --- Significance of trough during 100° shoulder movement --- p.178 / Chapter VIII. --- REFERENCES --- p.179

Grace Chung Tin Yun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-146). / SUMMARY / INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 2.1 --- Anatomy and Histology of Uterine Cervix --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2 --- Cervical carcinoma --- p.5 / Chapter A. --- Incidence / Chapter B. --- Pathology and histological classification / Chapter C. --- Etiological factors / Chapter 2.3 --- Human Papillomavirus (HPV) --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4 --- Human papillomavirus and cervical carcinoma --- p.15 / Chapter 2.5 --- Principle of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) --- p.17 / Chapter A. --- DNA structure / Chapter B. --- Repetitive DNA synthesis by PCR / Chapter 2.6 --- Basis of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis (RFLP) --- p.18 / Chapter 2.7 --- RFLP analysis and cancer --- p.19 / Chapter 2.8 --- Oncogenes and Suppressor genes --- p.21 / Chapter A. --- Oncogenes / Chapter B. --- Tumour Suppressor Genes / Chapter 2.9 --- Multistep process of carcinogenesis --- p.24 / Chapter 2.10 --- Oncogenes and Suppressor genes in cervical carcinoma --- p.25 / Chapter A. --- Oncogenes / Chapter B. --- Tumour Suppressor Genes / MATERIALS AND METHODS / Chapter 3.1 --- Specimens --- p.41 / Chapter A. --- Cervical scrapes / Chapter B. --- Cervical tissues / Chapter C. --- Blood / Chapter 3.2 --- Extraction of Genomic DNA --- p.42 / Chapter A. --- Cervical scrapes / Chapter B. --- Tissue samples / Chapter C. --- Blood / Chapter 3.3 --- Southern blot --- p.45 / Chapter 3.4 --- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PGR) --- p.47 / Chapter 3.5 --- Nucleic Acid Probes --- p.49 / Chapter A. --- Oligonucleotide probes / Chapter B. --- Human papillomavirus / Chapter C. --- Chromosome-specific RFLP/VNTR probes / Chapter D. --- H-ras and c-myc proto-oncogenes / Chapter 3.6 --- Radioactive Labelling of Probes --- p.51 / Chapter A. --- Oligonucleotide probes / Chapter B. --- Nucleic Acid probes / Chapter C. --- Removal of unincorporated label / Chapter 3.7 --- Nucleic Acid Hybridization --- p.54 / RESULTS / Chapter 4.1 --- Optimize MgCl2 concentration for Polymerase chain reaction --- p.72 / Chapter 4.2 --- Sensitivity of Polymerase chain reaction --- p.72 / Chapter 4.3 --- Detection of HPV in cervical scrapes by PCR --- p.73 / Chapter 4.4 --- Detection of HPV in cervical scrapes using PCR with each primer-set --- p.73 / Chapter 4.5 --- Detection of HPV in cervical tissues using PCR --- p.73 / Chapter 4.6 --- Detection of HPV in cervical tissues by Southern blot hybridization --- p.74 / Chapter 4.7 --- Analysis of cervical tissues with chromosome 3-specific probes --- p.75 / Chapter 4.8 --- Analysis of cervical tissues with proto-oncogene probes H-ras and c-myc --- p.77 / Chapter 4.9 --- Analysis of cervical tissues with chromosome 17-specific probes mapped to 17pl3 --- p.77 / DISCUSSION / Chapter 5.1 --- Evaluation of methods --- p.111 / Chapter 5.2 --- Analysis of HPV using PCR --- p.114 / Chapter 5.3 --- PCR vs Southern blot hybridization in HPV detection --- p.117 / Chapter 5.4 --- HPV DNA status in cervical neoplasia and cervical cancer --- p.118 / Chapter 5.5 --- Genetic lesions in cervical neoplasia and cervical cancer --- p.119 / Chapter 5.6 --- HPV infection and genetic lesions in cervical cancer --- p.125 / CONCLUSION --- p.127 / REFERENCE --- p.129

Astronauts experience low back pain (LBP) and heightened spinal injury risk due to lumbopelvic deconditioning following spaceflight. Atrophy and reduced control of the lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis (TrA) muscles have been linked with LBP, and are commonly found in astronauts, as well as individuals with LBP in the general population. Many people have difficulty voluntarily recruiting LM and TrA, presenting a rehabilitation challenge. Previously, it was found that LM and TrA are recruited automatically during Functional Readaptive Exercise Device (FRED) exercise, and that the recruitment is tonic, which is the most effective way to train these muscles, suggesting it could be suitable for use post spaceflight and in LBP populations. However, the mechanisms underpinning the effect that FRED exercise has on LM and TrA needed to be investigated before clinical trialling the device to determine: 1. What current interventions are used to prevent or rehabilitate lumbopelvic deconditioning and what are their effects? 2. Do the underlying mechanisms of FRED exercise indicate that it may be a useful intervention to trial in the rehabilitation of lumbopelvic deconditioning resulting from microgravity exposure in astronauts and a sedentary lifestyle in the general population? 3. What are the requirements for a standard and progressive training protocol using the FRED? Interventions preventing lumbopelvic deconditioning in human spaceflight simulation studies were systematically reviewed regarding effectiveness and future needs. Countermeasures during microgravity exposure were found ineffective for maintaining lumbopelvic health, presenting an immediate rehabilitation need, and future countermeasure refinement within the human spaceflight community. Rehabilitation to recover lumbar lordosis and train LM and TrA was suggested as beneficial. Recruitment of the LM and TrA muscles and movement variability was measured during FRED exercise using all available foot movement amplitudes on the device. Both muscles were recruited in all settings, and the challenge to the muscle and movement control was increased in larger amplitudes. Four chapters measured lumbopelvic kinematics and movement variability. Assessment was made of kinematic effects, the usefulness of FRED generated visual exercise feedback, the exercise familiarisation time and the effect of using the device handle bars in people with and without LBP. The FRED promotes increased lumbar extension and anterior pelvic tilt compared to over ground walking. Increasing crank amplitude increased movement variability, ΔTrAmax, ΔLMmax and TrA muscle recruitment. There was more variation away from the target exercise frequency when visual feedback was not provided. It took 170 seconds for asymptomatic individuals to familiarise to FRED exercise and155 for those with LBP. Spinal positioning became more flexed with reduced movement variability when the handles were used during exercise. There is now sufficient evidence that FRED exercise promotes beneficial lumbopelvic posture and deep muscle activity to justify a clinical trial of the device in astronaut and general deconditioned LBP populations. Following an eighty second familiarisation period, training should begin in the smallest exercise amplitude and increase in one amplitude setting intervals once FRED users can maintain a consistent movement speed, using visual feedback, but without using the handle bars.

<p> Lima bean is the cornerstone of the vegetable processing industry in the Mid-Atlantic region (MAR). An overall nationwide decline in lima bean production has allowed the MAR to occupy this niche market area and increase its production and revenue. However, <i>Phytophthora phaseoli</i>, the causal agent of downy mildew remains a scourge for lima bean producers, causing significant periodic losses. New races of <i>P. phaseoli</i> have worsened the situation for farmers, rendering resistant cultivars susceptible and increasing their chemical input costs as they attempt to limit yield losses. This dissertation seeks to address this issue through two main objectives: first, through the development of genetic resources that will enable more targeted breeding for crop resistance to <i>P. phaseoli</i> and second, by examining the phenotypes and the population structure of the pathogen in grower fields. The latter objective provides a better understanding of the pathogens resistance to mefenoxam and its clonal structure. The overall goal of this work is to provide a pathway to more efficient disease control strategies through a better understanding of the pathogen and the host, leading to improved lima bean production in the MAR.</p><p>

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston University Slides to accompany thesis on file in the Audio-Visual Library.

<p> The grape industry in Oklahoma was valued at $98 million in 2010. In 2015, symptoms resembling Grapevine Leafroll disease were observed, but Grapevine Leafroll-associated Viruses were not detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A 2-year Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey was initiated to determine the etiology of the red leaf symptoms in Oklahoma vineyards. In 2016, a total of 121 symptomatic grapevines from 13 counties were sampled and 96 symptomatic grapevines from 14 counties were sampled in 2017. Each sample was tested for Grapevine Red Blotch Virus (GRBV), <i>Xylella fastidiosa </i> (Pierce&rsquo;s Disease), and &lsquo;<i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma spp,&rsquo; by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ELISA was used to test for Grapevine Leafroll associated Virus (GLRaV) strains 1,3 and 4 strains. Rotbrenner, caused by <i>Pseudopezicula traceiphila</i>, (2017 only), can be found in xylem from petioles and the xylem was examined morphologically for signs of fungal structures. In 2016, GRBV was detected in 38% of 121 symptomatic samples, GLRaV-1 and -3 were detected in 16%, GLRaV 4 strains were detected in 2%, and <i>X. fastidiosa</i> was detected in 2%. There were no detections of &lsquo;Ca Phytoplasma spp&rsquo; in 2016 or 2017. In 2017, GRBV was detected in 34% of the 96 samples, GLRaV-1 and -3 were detected in 17%, GLRaV 4 strains were detected in 3%, and <i> X. fastidiosa</i> was detected in 3%. Rotbrenner was not detected in any of the samples in 2017. The findings of this survey provide information to Oklahoma grape growers and extension personnel about the cause of red leaf diseases affecting grapevines so that appropriate management strategies can be implemented in the near future.</p><p>

Type-III secretion systems (T3SSs) are responsible for the biosynthesis of flagella, and the interaction of many animal and plant pathogens with eukaryotic cells. T3SSs consist of multiple proteins which assemble to form an apparatus capable of exporting proteins through both membranes of Gram-negative bacteria in one step. Proteins conserved amongst T3SSS can be used for analysis of these systems using computational homology searching. By using tools including BLAST and HMMER in conjunction phylogenetic analysis this thesis examines the range of T3SSs, both in terms of the proteins they contain, and also the bacteria which contain them. In silico analysis of several of the conserved components of T3SSs shows similarities between them and other secretion systems, as well as components of ATPases. Use of conserved components allows for identification of T3SS loci in diverse bacteria, in order to assess in the different proteins used by different T3SSs, and to see where, in evolutionary space, these differences arose. Analysis of homology data also allows for comprehensive re-annotation of T3SS loci within Desulfovibrio, Lawsonia and Hahella, and subsequent comparison of these T3SSs with related Yersinial T3SSs, and also (in conjunction with in vitro assays) for identification of many novel effectors in E. coli.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most frequent and significant opportunistic infection in kidney transplant recipients. It is associated with direct (CMV disease) and indirect (rejection, poor graft survival) effects with resultant increases in morbidity and mortality. The mechanisms responsible for the indirect effects of CMV infection remain unclear. In this thesis, the indirect effects of cytomegalovirus infection in kidney transplantation are studied. Firstly, the mechanism of CMV infection is investigated. Secondly, the mechanism of CMV associated kidney transplant damage is explored. Thirdly, an assessment for the role of CMV in causing immunosenescence within the kidney transplantation cohort is undertaken. This thesis provides previously undescribed and direct evidence of immune hypo- responsiveness to latent CMV. I have shown CD4⁺CD27⁻CD28^null cells are pathognomonic of prior CMV exposure and have a role in glomerular endothelial cell damage, an effect which may be mediated by NKG2D. Higher CD4⁺CD27⁻CD28^null cell counts at 12 months post-transplantation predict a steeper decline in kidney allograft function thereafter. I provide novel insight into the ‘indirect’ effect of CMV in the pathogenesis of CD8⁺CD28^null cells. My study is the first to demonstrate a temporal association between elevated CD8⁺CD28^null cell frequencies and subsequent development of clinically relevant episodes of infection. The findings from this thesis set the scene for future interventional research and therapeutic strategies.