Diploma thesis Health condition of trees in the arboretum Bukovina explains the damage of trees, tree diseases, impacts of deseases in its theoretical part. It also includes a brief summary of biotic and abiotic factors that cause damage. The Manionova stress theory, which clearly indicates the gradual effect of stressors on the species, is described. The second chapter is focused on the ways how is the health condition of trees assessed. The typical rating scale is also mentioned. The methodics is focused on finding damage of trees or other anomalies with subsequent determination of the method of damage in the area of the arboretum. Location arboretum in the area Hruboskalsko rock town gives the possibility to find such damages that are typical for dense, mature stands. The first trees were planted in arboretum in 1860, so it is expected that on this old trees many diseases are evident. I focused on introduced tree species that are typical for this arboretum, it is also mentioned visible damage of native woods. The result of the work is to evaluate the status of selected species and the end of the thesis show the table with the detected results. At the end of the discussion the results are confronted and some recommendations are proposed.

During a period of 3 years, from March to July 2014, 2015 and 2016, ticks were collected from dogs and cats in shelter facilities for abandon animals in Česke Budejovice, South Bohemia. In total, 343 ticks were found on 106 pets: 67 domestic dogs and 39 cats. All collected ticks, that were identified as Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes hexagonus, were tested for the presence of spirochetes from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex, Rickettsia spp., Anaplasma spp, and Babesia spp using conventional PCR and nested PCR. Identification of pathogens was done by following sequencing of amplicons. Out of all tested ticks, 49,56% were proved to be infected at least with one pathogen. Co-infection of at least two different pathogens was determined in 18 ticks (5,2%). The aim of the present study was to estimate the role of accompanying animals (cats and dogs) in the circulation of ticks and tick-borne pathogens, to determine the frequency of pathogenic infections in dog and cat associated ticks, to evaluate the current risk of infection for dogs and cats, with respect torisk forhumans living in the area of České Budějovice.

In 2015, the microclimatic monitoring of winter wheat canopy in location of Branišovice and Žabčice (the Czech Republic, central Europe) was established. Air temperature and humidity were measured in the ground layer of the vegetation. The soil temperature was measured in the depth of 5 centimetres. Measured data were compared with the data from the nearest climatological weather stations. Charts of differences between the microclimate of the undergrowth and the climate at the station were created. Data were evaluated using linear or polynomial regression analysis to create relation models between observed meteorological measurements. According to the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture methods, the occurrence of the leaf pathogens was observed. The development of temperatures and humidity had been evaluated before the diseases struck.

Aim of this thesis was to use the ozonisation as a disinfection method for improving of water quality in the intensive fish farms using RAS (recirculating aquaculture system). The main assessed parameter was effect of ozone treatment on fish health and RAS functions and features. Two RAS were used in this study one with use of ozone treatment, one without ozone treatment (control system). There were cultured two different fish species in these two RAS - pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) and European catfish (Silurus glanis). The main reason for use of these two species is that they are perspective species for intensive aquaculture. In the RAS with ozone treatment, two different methods of ozone application were tested - periodical and continual application. The effect of ozone treatment on fish health and conditions was controlled regularly. Ozone treatment had positively affected the survival of both cultured species (pikeperch survival: with ozone = 77.0 % and without ozone = 67.2 %; European catfish: with ozone = 93.1 % and without ozone = 91.5 %). Ozone treatment also positively affected the water chemistry. The greatest difference was observed in CHSKMn: with ozone = 6.4?1.2 mg.l; without ozone = 10.7?1.6 mg.l. The same features were observed in suspended solids: with ozone = 4.3?2.8 mg.l-1; without ozone = 8.17?6.2 mg.l. Appearance of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and bacterial infection were not affected by ozone treatment. The main result of this thesis and this design of experiment is that ozone treatment had a positive impact on water chemistry in observed RAS and it, however, didn't kill 100% of the fish pathogens.

Diploma thesis „Monitoring of mastitis pathogens in selected group of dairy cows“ gives an overview and basic information about pathogens occurring in dairy cows Holstein breed AGRAS Bohdalov a.s. and outlines a wide range of methods or procedures for preventing these pathogens. It describes the importance of supporting the immune system and the main pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus xylosus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus agalactiae. Subsequently, the thesis points to various ways of prevention such as vaccination or genetic selection. The practical part of the thesis evaluates the results of the performance control over a period of two years (February 2016 – January 2018), together with the health status of dairy cows during their life, Also the results from a genetic laboratory are included and are describing the analysys of genotypes of selected mastitis genes (CD14 and CXCR1).

This thesis is primaly focus on solving of comparison of ancient with recent coniferous forests and peat bogs in Central Europe. Discovered fossil records provide the detailed insight view to functions and interactions among individual components of former vegetation in the Carboniferous and the Early Permian compared to recent period. Another aspect is possible impacts of ancient pathogen activities to timber and foliage in analogy to recent ones.

Three separate studies of the effect of plant pathogen on population biology of its host are presented in the thesis. Two are using field data about a widespread system of plant Falcaria vulgaris and its systemic rust fungus Puccinia sii-falcariae. The first study shows, that the disease prevalences in 40 populations of the plant were correlated with the moisture, the soil reaction and the cover of the herb layer at the localities. This was probably a result of the interaction of the life history of the plant and different effect the disease has at various localities. Similar pattern was found in the second study that aimed to determine long-term effect of the disease at the population level at four chosen localities over 4-5 years. Population growth rates were only rarely predicted to be higher for the healthy part of the population when compared with the whole population. Other analyses have however found big differences among years and localities. The locality type (slope vs. field populations) was important factor influencing population stage composition and importance of life cycle transitions for the growth of the population. Finally, the last study explores the possibility that systemic infection in clonal plants might be able to select against clonality. The result of the modelling showed that more...

5 Absctract Environment and demographic characteristics of host population are important factors affecting incidence and severity of plant diseases. The aim of this study was to reveal possible effects of microclimatic and edaphic characteristics and host population demographic factors on the biotrophic pathogen Puccinia cribrata, microcyclic rust parasitising clonal evergreen plant Vinca minor. I studied the ecology of this pathosystem in natural populations of V. minor in the Soča valley in the Julian Alps in Slovenia. Rugged terrain of the Soča valley with different bedrocks allowed to study pathogen distribution at topographically diverse forest and scrub sites, greatly differing in soil depth and canopy structure. P. cribrata was significantly more likely to occur in the themophilous forest with shallow calcareous soils and open canopy than in the mesophilous forest types. Its prevalence (proportion of diseased stems in population) was also highest in this type of vegetation. Most important host population factors were population size and population density positively affecting incidence and prevalence respectively. Additionally, I tested various vegetation and topographic indexes derived from remote sensing for usability in prediction models. It appears that vegetation indexes connected with canopy...