Objectives: To evaluate the influence of pharmacist interventions on drug and dosage prescribing in pediatric settings. Method: Demographic, clinical, and prescribing data and parents’ measurement data were evaluated by pre- and post studies including time series studies and control groups. The data was evaluated against Australian Therapeutic Guidelines. Educational intervention strategies were designed and administered and a post-intervention evaluation was conducted. Group comparisons were made using x2 and Student’s t-test statistics. Time series analysis involved multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The major study involved antibiotics and analgesic drugs and dosages in appendectomy in children. Significant improvements occurred in the selection and dosages of prophylactic antibiotics @<0.001) and in subsequent ward antibiotic treatments @<0.001) also showed marked conformity with the guidelines Other pediatric studies involved liquid medication dosing and prescribing accuracy for paracetamol in a developing country where a simple intervention produced very marked improvements @<0.001). An intervention in severe community-acquired pneumonia showed an improvement in the prescription of appropriate drugs @<0.001) and appropriate dosages of paracetamol (p<O.OOl) according to the guidelines. In drug utilisation evaluation of cefiriaxone, flucloxacillin and Liquigesic COB, there was a significant improvement in the dosage prescribing of ceftriaxone and flucloxacillin and no change in Liquigesic COB following the intervention. O f the total, 38/218 (17%) o f the patients received appropriate post-operative antibiotic dosages. 286/368 (78%) of the analgesic prescriptions and 31/218 (14%) of the patients on postoperative antibiotic choice and dosage that were identified as appropriate in tonsillectomy. / Conclusion: This study has identified deficiencies related to the prescribing of antibiotics and analgesics in children. There was a varied level of improvement in the drug dosage prescribing of pediatricians following the pharmacist educational intervention. Locally developed guidelines are more likely to be accepted and followed than those developed nationally without local input.

This research paper explores the use of creative arts therapies with children and families in a pediatric hospital setting as experienced by the therapists who provide these services. The research investigates art therapy, music therapy and dance/movement therapy at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA), with an in depth consideration of the role of art therapy services in this setting. The researchers reviewed general literature regarding hospitalization, specifically its effects on children and families, availability and role of psychosocial services and the intensive care units (ICU). Literature discussing creative arts therapies (art therapy, music therapy and dance/movement therapy) was also reviewed, with a focus on art therapy and its role in medical settings with children/families, with pediatric cancer patients and in psychosocial services. Based on information gleaned from the literature review, the researchers crafted an online survey utilized to gather information regarding the experience of providing creative arts therapies in a pediatric hospital setting. The researchers conducted in-depth interviews with three selected survey respondents to further explore these experiences through interview questions and art making. The qualitative data from survey/interview responses, including the art, was reviewed and analyzed by the researchers. Analysis of the data resulted in five prominent themes from the online survey data: being present, family, support, change and identity. Four prominent themes emerged from the interview data: empowerment, culture, being present and identity. The researchers then examined these themes in the context of the general and art therapy literature. The meanings derived from these findings demonstrate the importance of continued and expanded use of creative arts therapies in pediatric hospitals.

Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-06T01:12:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 92.pdf: 405699 bytes, checksum: dee2cd942e41060c08a06eff567e9208 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. / Tem por objeto de estudo, as situaçöes vivenciadas pelos profissionais de saúde, no lidar com doença crônica e iminência de morte, em um hospital pediátrico terciário. Procura-se compreender melhor estas situaçöes, para que se tornasse possível buscar instrumentos que diminuíssem os efeitos negativos dessa natureza de trabalho, resultando assim, em melhoria da prática no campo assistencial. Na obtençäo e leitura do material de análise foram utilizados princípios da metodologia qualitativa. As técnicas do trabalho de campo realizadas foram: a observaçäo participante e a entrevista semi-estruturada com representantes da equipe que atende a doença Fibrose Cística, no Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Deste estudo, concluí-se que cuidando de quem cuida, poder-se-á ter uma melhoria nos processos terapêuticos pois, uma clientela submetida a uma equipe que possa usar mais espontânea e criativamente seus conhecimentos específicos, tenderá a apresentar uma atitude mais colaborativa e participante em seu próprio tratamento, com aumento de sua capacidade de autocuidados e crescimento em qualidade de vida. / The purpose of this study is describe the living situations that the health professionales have with deal the chronic illness and the imminence of death, in a tertiary pediatric hospital. As the objective we looked for the better comprehension of these situations, so it is able to look for instruments that can reduce the negative effect of that kind of work, and it could turn into the imporvement of the practice in the assistant field. Qualitative methodology principles have been used in the gathering and interpretation of the material analysed. The participant observation andthe semi-strutured interview with the representative for the team whose toil with a Cystic Fibroses illness in the Fernades Figueira Institute, were the tecnique involved. This study leads one to conclude that taking care of who takes care, we can make better in the terapeuts process, because a clientele submited to a team whose can be more spontaneous and creative with they specific knowledge, should be able to present also an attitude with more collaboration and can be more participant with their own tretment, with increse their capacity to take care of themselves and the growth of their life quality.