No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D. in Psychology)--Vanderbilt University, Dec. 2008. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 338-356).

Department of History. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 307 - 337).

No description available.

Background: Non-accidental Trauma (NAT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Children less than 2 years old are at greater risk of NAT than older children. A skeletal survey is a series of X-rays of all the bones in the body, or at least the axial skeleton and the large cortical bones used to identify NAT in children. In this observational study, we examined the association between a child’s age, frequency of positive skeletal surveys, and the types of injuries discovered in pediatric patients undergoing a trauma work-up. Methods: The study sample consisted of all pediatric trauma patients ≤3 years old who had skeletal surveys performed at a single tertiary care center in Central Massachusetts between 2005 and 2015. Patients were divided into two age groups: ≤6months old (n=98) and >6months old (n=86). The utilization of a skeletal survey, frequency of confirmed NAT, and injuries were compared between these 2 age groups. Results: The average age of the sample was 8.4 months, 56.0% were boys, and 62.5% were Caucasian. A positive skeletal survey was found in 14.3% of patients ≤6months old and 18.6% of patients >6months old (p=0.43). The most common fractures identified were long bone (50.0%), torso (30.4%), and skull (13.0%). Similar frequencies of NAT were observed between those less than and older than 6 months (58.2% vs. 57.0%). Head computed tomography (CT) scans were performed in the majority (95.9%) of patients ≤6 months old while in only 66.3% of patients > 6 months old (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Skeletal surveys identify injuries at comparable rates in pediatric trauma patients regardless of age. Advanced imaging differs in younger and older pediatric trauma patients undergoing skeletal survey.

This article describes a case study in the use of the Family Check-Up (FCU), a family-based and ecological preventive intervention for children at risk for problem behavior. The FCU is an assessment-driven intervention that utilizes a health maintenance model; emphasizes motivation for change; and offers an adaptive, tailored approach to intervention. This case study follows one Caucasian family through their initial assessment and subsequent treatment for their toddler daughter's conduct problems over a 2-year period. Clinically meaningful improvements in child and family functioning were found despite the presence of child, parent, and neighborhood risk factors. The case is discussed with respect to the findings from a current multisite randomized control trial of the FCU and its application to other populations.

The overall goal of this series is to detail the paradigm shift that proteomics will bring to the practice of pediatric medicine and research. Proteomics is the global study of proteins in a biological system, tissue or bodily fluid. This first review will provide a brief overview of proteomics and describe its niche in the other "omics" of system biology. The underlying technology and methodology will be outlined as well as the obstacles that must be surmounted before pediatric proteomics is optimally useful for clinicians. The potential of proteomics in the area of personalized pediatric medicine will also be discussed since this is of particular clinical relevance. The second article in this series will focus on the application of proteomics to neonatology with particular emphasis on diseases where oxidative stress plays a key pathophysiological role.

Objectives Previous studies have illustrated pediatric knowledge deficits among Emergency Medical Services (EMS) providers. The purpose of this study was to identify perspectives of a diverse group of EMS providers regarding pediatric prehospital care educational deficits and proposed methods of training improvements. Methods Purposive sampling was used to recruit EMS providers in diverse settings for study participation. Two separate focus groups of EMS providers (administrative and non-administrative personnel) were held in three locations (urban, suburban, and rural). A professional moderator facilitated focus group discussion using a guide developed by the study team. A grounded theory approach was used to analyze data. Results Forty-two participants provided data. Four major themes were identified: (1) suboptimal previous pediatric training and training gaps in continuing pediatric education; (2) opportunities for improved interactions with emergency department (ED) staff, including case-based feedback on patient care; (3) barriers to optimal pediatric prehospital care; and (4) proposed pediatric training improvements. Conclusion Focus groups identified four themes surrounding preparation of EMS personnel for providing care to pediatric patients. These themes can guide future educational interventions for EMS to improve pediatric prehospital care.

No description available.