Call number: LD2668 .P7 1975 H35

by Leung Kin-chung Jonathan, Yau Cheong-yin Albert. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaf 81. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.vii / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Problem Identification --- p.1 / Company Background of Mobil --- p.1 / SWOT Analysis of Mobil in the China Market --- p.3 / Chapter II. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.8 / The Research Scope --- p.8 / Methodology --- p.9 / Secondary Data --- p.10 / Primary Data --- p.10 / Questionnaire --- p.10 / Limitations --- p.13 / Chapter III. --- FINDINGS - THE INDUSTRY --- p.14 / The Local Economy and Market --- p.14 / Shenzhen --- p.14 / Pearl River Delta Area except Shenzhen --- p.17 / Competitive Situations --- p.19 / Product Markets and Mobil's Corresponding Positions --- p.22 / Chapter IV. --- FINDINGS - CUSTOMERS --- p.33 / Mail Questionnaire Findings --- p.33 / Personal In-depth Interview Findings --- p.42 / Chapter V. --- RECOMMENDATIONS - MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR MOBIL --- p.55 / Overall Positions of Mobil's Product Portfolio in the BCG Matrix --- p.55 / Marketing Plans of Individual Product Lines --- p.57 / Action Plan --- p.66 / APPENDICES --- p.67 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.81

Research, pilot scale and field developments of In-Situ Combustion (ISC) for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in shallow, low pressure, heavy oil reservoirs intensified between the first and the second oil crisis from 1973 to 1981. A decline of interest in EOR followed the collapse of the oil prices in 1986. Renewed interest on in-situ combustion EOR research in the late 1980’s and beginning of the 1990’s was expanded and focused on high pressure medium and light oil reservoirs. The applicability of air injection in deep high pressure light petroleum reservoirs was established by research work of Greaves et al. in 1987 & 1988, Yannimaras et al. in 1991 and Ramey et a l in 1992. Accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) tests were used to screen the applicability of various types of light oil reservoirs for in-situ combustion EOR by Yannimaras and Tiffin in 1994. The most successful light oil air injection project in the 1990s in the Medicine Pole Hills Unit, Williston Basin, N. Dakota started in 1987 and was reported by Kumar, Fassihi & Yannimaras, in 1994. Low temperature oxidation of light North Sea petroleum was studied at the University of Bath. A high-pressure combustion tube laboratory system was built at Bath University to evaluate performance of medium and light petroleum in-situ combustion processes. Gravity effects and the impact of horizontal wells in Forced Flow In-Situ Combustion Drainage Assisted by Gravity (FFISCDAG) were studied with three-dimensional combustion experiments. In this study, the university of Bath combustion tube experiments have been simulated and history matched. The tube experiments were up-scaled and field simulation studies were performed. A generic PVT characterization scheme based on 5 hydrocarbon pseudo-components was used, which was validated for light Australian and medium ‘Clair’ oil. A generic chemical reaction characterization scheme was used, which was validated for light Australian and medium ‘Clair’ oil. Advanced PVT and chemical reaction characterizations have been recommended for future work with more powerful hardware platforms. Extensive front track and flame extinction studies were performed to evaluate the performance of currently available non-iso-thermal simulators and to appraise their necessity in air injection processes. Comparative ISC field scale numerical simulation studies of Clair medium oil and light Australian petroleum were based on up-scaled combustion tube experimental results. These studies showed higher than expected hydrocarbon recovery in alternative EOR processes for both pre and post water flood implementation of ISC. Further in this study field scale numerical simulation studies revealed high incremental hydrocarbon recovery was possible by gravity assisted forced flow. The applicability of light oil ISC to gas condensate and sour petroleum reservoirs has been examined in this study with promising results. Light petroleum ISC implemented by a modified water flood including oxidants such as H2O2 and NH4NO3 are expected to widen the applicability of ISC processes in medium and light petroleum reservoirs, especially water flooded North Sea reservoirs.

<p>The Short Time Fourier transform and the S-transform are among the most used methods of spectral decomposition to localize spectra in time and frequency. The S-transform utilizes a frequency-dependent Gaussian analysis window that is normalized for energy conservation purposes. The STFT, on the other hand, has a selected fixed time window that does not depend on frequency. In previous literature, it has been demonstrated that the S-transform distorts the Fourier spectra, shifting frequency peaks, and could result in misleading frequency attributes. Therefore, one way of making the S-transform more appropriate for quantitative seismic signal analysis is to ignore the conservation of energy over time requirement. This suggests a hybrid approach between the Short Time Fourier transform and the S-transform for seismic interpretation purposes. In this work, we introduce the Multi-Scale Boxcar transform that has temporal resolution comparable to the S-transform while giving correct Fourier peak frequencies. The Multi-Scale Boxcar transform includes a special analysis window that focusses the analysis on the highest amplitude portion of the Gaussian window, giving a more accurate time-frequency representation of the spectra in comparison with the S-transform. Post-stack seismic data with a strong well logs control was used to demonstrate the differences of the Multi-Scale Boxcar transform and the S-transform. The analysis area in this work is the Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian Horseshoe Atoll Carbonate play in the Midland Basin, a sub-basin in the larger Permian Basin. The Multi-Scale Boxcar transform spectral decomposition method improved the seismic interpretation of the study area, showing better temporal resolution for resolving the layered reservoirs? heterogeneity. The time and depth scale values on the figures are shifted according to the sponsor request, but the relative scale is correct.

The final objective of this project is to create an environmentally friendly solid alkylation catalyst to replace the commercially available liquid acid catalysts, such as hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid, which are used in the petroleum industry. My research target is to synthesize the diazonium PFSI zwitterions, which can be chemically grafted on the silica as the solid alkylation catalyst. A 4-steps synthesis is designed to prepare the diazonium PFSI zwitterions. The first two steps were successfully completed in the lab. The first one is to prepare the starting material of 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide from an ammonolysis reaction between 4-nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride and ammonium hydroxide. And next, a base catalyzed coupling reaction was carried out with 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide and commercially available perfluorobutane sulfonyl fluoride with nitrogen gas (N2) protection. The coupling product (I in Figure 1) was then purified by extraction and recrystallization. All chemicals in the synthesis procedure were characterized with proton NMR, fluorine NMR, Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and melting points.

Petroleum industries in the U.S. attract increased scrutiny from governmental bodies, businesses, and the civil society for their lack of sustainability practices, such as air emissions control, the use of cleaner fuels, and water pollution mitigation. Although the short-term cost of implementing these practices may be high as stated by a sample of the industry's leaders, long-term benefits include lower business costs and a reduction of the adverse impacts on society, the environment, and the economy. This multiple-case study highlighted the practices of several petroleum industry leaders who demonstrated an exception to these practices-who have been clear thought leaders in the delivery of both environmental sustainability and profitability. Data collection included in-depth interviews with 16 purposively selected petroleum business participants supplemented by a review of archival records containing annual sustainability reports. The participants were experts who practiced sustainability as part of their work-related activities. Data saturation occurred when no new data or patterns emerged. Methodological triangulation occurred as evidenced by the convergence of data from the different sources. Yin's 5-step analysis, which guided the coding process, yielded 3 main themes: environmental air quality, fuel, and water. These themes aligned with practices identified from the review of 20 archival reports across a 5-year period. Key practices identified from the archival records included flaring reduction, natural gas utilization, and water re-cycling. The implications for positive social change include the potential for the preservation of resources for present and future generations when all companies operating in the petroleum industry embrace sustainability.

The objectives of this investigation were to measure the effect of the various factors that contribute to differential-pressure pipe sticking and to utilize this information in the development of a procedure to select casing setting depths The investigation differs from other investigations in that it (1) evaluates several areas in the Gulf of Mexico, not just one specific area; (2) evaluates both deviated and straight holes; (3) analyzes both wells that experience and did not experience sticking problems; and (4) analyzes the factors that may contribute to differential-pressure pipe sticking The results of this investigation normalized all factors that contribute to differential-pressure pipe sticking except differential pressure. It was concluded that the average differential pressure for those wells that experienced sticking problems and those that did not were not similar. It was also concluded that, of the wells that experienced sticking problems, more than 99 percent of them were stuck at pressures greater than 1,298 pounds per square inch The major application of this investigation is a procedure to select casing setting depths based on the ability to withstand a design-size kick and the potential of pipe sticking off-bottom / acase@tulane.edu

No description available.

Until recent years the proportion contributed to total government revenue by the petroleum industry has continued to increase. However, Australia's oil reserves are now diminishing as known fields are consumed, and exploration efforts have failed to locate new sources of petroleum. The oil industry has called for the relaxation of the government take in order to encourage exploration activity for the replacement of reserves. In an environment of low world prices and continuing high levels of taxation it has been submitted that the balance between taxation and exploration incentives has tipped against exploration activity. The broader economic consequences of lower self sufficiency are significant, particularly in terms of the current account deficit and economic security. The most contentious form of government revenue is secondary taxation. These taxes are levied in addition to company income tax. The present Federal Government has introduced a Petroleum Resource Rent Tax to ensure the community, as a whole, gains an equitable share from the diminution of the country's scarce natural resources. Government discussion on tax reform has concentrated on the most appropriate form of secondary taxation without first examining whether there is, in fact, a case for the imposition of any secondary taxes. This paper addresses the impact of the range of taxes which apply to the petroleum industry. Particular attention is given to the alternate forms of secondary taxation and their effect on the industry in terms of the commonly used criteria for evaluating taxes. These criteria are : equity; efficiency and simplicity. Using this framework the various taxes are analysed individually. Beyond the oil industry the thesis will examine the broader economic effects of petroleum taxation policy, and review the political environment that gives rise to Government policy. From a business perspective, it is in the interests of the oil industry to minimise taxation because of its inverse relationship with profitability. In the light of this objective analysis, the thesis aims to determine the most appropriate form and level of taxation for the petroleum industry in Australia. / Master of Business (Taxation)

On cover: World Oil Project. / NSF Grant no. DAR 78-19044.