Thesis (M.A.)--University of San Carlos, Cebu City. / Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [160]-165).

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'Globalization' has become a powerful icon in academic, policy and business circles. This thesis seeks to trace some of the consequences of both the process and the idea of globalization in the Philippines. The thesis starts by arguing that theories of globalization - economic, technological, political and cultural - have invested in the process an aura of inevitability and necessity. These 'logics' of globalization, widely promulgated by both the political left and right, imply a particular construction of scale that privileges the global above all other levels of analysis. This construction has been used as a discursive legitimation of neoliberal policy prescriptions for development. In seeking to destabilize this construction of the global scale, the rest of the thesis demonstrates the ways in which global flows (particularly of capital and cultural meanings) are in fact embedded, mediated and activated in local social relations in the Philippines. This empirically-based argument starts with a brief historical account of Philippine relations with 'global space' from pre-colonial times to the present, demonstrating that the relationship has been contingent and politically contested over time and has owed as much to national level power relations as to global forces. In the last few decades, in particular, 'globalization' has been both a key material process in the Philippine economy, and an important part of the Ramos administration's legitimation of its development strategies. These have included deregulation, decentralization, trade liberalization, and encouraging foreign direct investment in export manufacturing. This investment has exhibited a spatial concentration in the core region around Manila, and particularly in the province of Cavite. Through multiple scales of analysis - provincial, municipal, village, household and individual -I explore the ways in which experiences of 'globalized' development in Cavite and two of its villages are embedded in 'local' social, economic, environmental, political and cultural processes. These experiences come principally in the form of: changing local labour markets, land conversion from agricultural to urban-industrial uses, and the reworking of cultural identities. One central argument is proposed throughout: that viewing globalization as an inevitable and unavoidable context for development is inappropriate; instead, the processes of globalization must be seen as embedded in social processes and power relations operating in particular places. This argument embodies two further points. First, that the 'places' in which globalization is embedded are at multiple scales which must be seen as interlinked and overlapping rather than distinct and hierarchical. Secondly, while globalization, and its embeddedness in places, operates as a material process, it is also a social construction and political discourse which, by locating the 'driving force' of social change at the global scale, serves to legitimize certain practices and construct a particular relationship between the 'local' and the 'global'. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

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The purpose of the research was to describe the relationship of nutrition/consumption to agricultural production and related areas in the diagnosis and preliminary design of project activities and to describe the contributions of a nutrition focus to problem identification, grouping and treatment selection compared with an agricultural focus. A multidisciplinary team integrated the nutrition/consumption perspective into the rapid community assessment for planning (RCAP) by incorporating topic areas, observational items and questions in each of five stages in the community diagnosis. Three problems in subsistence food production and consumption were among the top five priority problems. Differences in problems between the team and the community were attributed to differing perspectives. Compared with the agriculture RCAP, nutrition-related problems were reported only to a limited degree and their rankings were generally lower. Seasonality was a particularly important linkage, along with income, labor, enterprise mix and markets. Groups of farm families based mainly on farming system shared production-related but not nutrition-related characteristics. The household characteristics most useful for research domain subgroups were agroecology, produce disposal, resources and food and income gaps. Nutrition/consumption information enabled the team to plan separate research designs for groups of families with similar conditions. Production factors identified for investigation related to the priority problem of food crop production included crop protection, soil improvement, pest and disease control and overall plot design. Nutrition/ consumption aspects related to research trials included: selection of crops and varieties for filling food, income and nutrient gaps; and other nutrition-related areas of sanitation, labor and post-harvest storage, many of which were established based on nutrition information integrated into the RCAP. Areas for ex ante analysis included food preferences, sanitation and women's time conflicts. The nutrition focus contributed information important for problem identification, grouping and treatment selection. / Master of Science

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published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

This study is an application of the simulation-dynamic programming approach for the evolution of a water regulation policy for the Pantabangan reservoir of the Upper Pampanga River Project, in conjunction with two tributary reservoir systems: the Aurora Transbasin Diversion Project and the proposed Casecnan River Project. The study may be decomposed into three sequential phases: 1) a reservoir operations simulation study of the existing two-reservoir system and the three-reservoir configurations for three alternative Casecnan dam locations. The operations simulation was centered at the Pantabangan reservoir and was performed under parametric conditions of invariant service area cropping pattern, power generation, flood control release schedules, and average system microclimate. The principal variables were the reservoir system and service area runoffs which were inputted as synthetic streamflow traces. The results of the simulation study, in the form of Pantabangan irrigation and power releases, were inputted for optimization in 2) a dynamic programming model which is of the explicit stochastic type. The probabilistic property of the model is ascribed to the use of lag-one monthly transition probability matrices and relative frequency matrices to respectively characterize the behavior of the unregulated Pantabangan reservoir inflows and the transbasin diversions. Due to the rough discretization procedure conducted on the optimization variables, the determined operations policy was tested in 3) a feasibility simulation model which features essentially the same parameters and variables of the operations model. Two sets of policies were tested under the two- and three-reservoir arrangements. The first is a constrained policy based on a minimum Pantabangan reservoir storage greater than the physical minimum. The unconstrained policy was based on dead storage as the minimum.

Thesis advisor: Sarah Babb / How does sexuality differ across cultures? Across genders? I propose that women in the Philippines face unique constraints on acceptable sexualities. Historical context and contemporary influences (i.e. the mass media, Catholic doctrine, education, and family) continually define and redefine acceptable behaviors. I conducted ten qualitative, open-ended interviews with Filipina women via video- or voice-conferences in early 2014. Based on the data collected, non-traditional women’s sexual orientations primarily were constructed through appearance and behavior, and not simply on sexual orientation. Women appearing or acting in a masculine fashion are labeled tomboy. Attitudes surrounding these alternate practices varied, especially as a result of religious beliefs or personal experiences. The data collected from the participants supported the importance of appearance and external influences in the constructions of and attitudes towards women’s sexualities. Furthermore, trends in the responses suggest a changing social culture in the Philippines that could lead to greater social acceptance for same-sex oriented identities. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Sociology Honors Program. / Discipline: Sociology.