Objetivo: este estudo objetivou avaliar a presença do anticorpo anti-alfaenolase (AAAE) IgM na doença de Behçet (DB) e suas possíveis associações com as manifestações clínicas e atividade da doença. Métodos: noventa e sete pacientes com DB foram comparados a 36 pacientes com enteroartrite (EA) [24 com doença de Crohn (DC) e 12 com retocolite ulcerativa (RCU)], além de 87 controles saudáveis. Os testes para detecção do AAAE IgM foram realizados por Immunoblotting. A atividade de doença foi avaliada por índices padronizados, como o Formulário de Atividade Atual da Doença de Behçet (BR-BDCAF) para os pacientes com DB e o Índice de Harvey-Bradshaw (HBI) para os pacientes com DC e RCU. Uma segunda avaliação foi realizada somente nos pacientes com DB (n=56) para a detecção do AAAE IgM, avaliação de atividade de doença e dosagem de proteína-C-reativa (PCR). Resultados: maior prevalência do AAAE IgM foi encontrada na DB (17,7%) comparativamente à EA (2,8%) e aos controles saudáveis (2,3%), p < 0,001. A frequência do AAAE IgM foi maior na DB ativa quando comparada à DB inativa (30,2% vs. 7,4%, p=0,006). Este achado foi confirmado em uma segunda avaliação de 56 pacientes do grupo com DB (45,5% vs. 13,3%, p=0,02). A média do BR-BDCAF foi maior no grupo com AAAE IgM positivo, em ambas avaliações (9,1 ± 5,4 vs. 4,9 ± 4,9, p=0,002; 5,0 ± 4,9 vs. 2,2 ± 2,9, p=0,01, respectivamente). Os pacientes com DB em atividade mucocutânea e articular apresentaram maior incidência do AAAE IgM, tanto na primeira quanto na segunda avaliação (64,7% vs. 27,5%, p=0,005; 36,4% vs. 7,1%, p=0,039, respectivamente). Conclusões: os presentes dados corroboram que a alfa-enolase é um antígeno alvo na DB, particularmente associada à atividade mucocutânea e articular da doença. Além disso, o AAAE IgM pode distinguir a DB da EA, especialmente em pacientes com alta atividade de doença / Objective: this study aimed to assess IgM AAEA in systemic Behçet\'s disease (BD) and its possible association with clinical manifestations and disease activity. Methods: ninety-seven consecutively selected BD patients were compared to 36 enteropathic spondyloarthritis (ESpA) [24 Crohn\'s disease (CD) and 12 ulcerative colitis (UC)] patients and 87 healthy controls. IgM AAEA was detected by Immunoblotting. Disease activity was assessed by standardized indexes, Brazilian BD Current Activity Form (BR-BDCAF) for BD and Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) for CD and UC patients. A second evaluation was performed in BD patients (n=56), regarding IgM AAEA presence, disease activity scores and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: higher IgM AAEA prevalence was found in BD (17.7%) compared to ESpA (2.8%) and healthy controls (2.3%), p < 0.001. IgM AAEA frequency was higher in active BD compared to inactive BD (30.2% vs. 7.4%, p=0.006), a finding confirmed in the second cross-sectional evaluation of 56 of these BD patients (45.5% vs. 13.3%, p=0.02). Mean BR-BDCAF scores were higher in IgM AAEA positive group on both evaluations (9.1 ± 5.4 vs. 4.9 ± 4.9, p=0.002; 5.0 ± 4.9 vs. 2.2 ± 2.9, p=0.01, respectively). BD patients with mucocutaneous and articular symptoms presented higher IgM AAEA positivity in the first and second evaluations (64.7% vs. 27.5%, p=0.005; 36.4% vs. 7.1%, p=0.039 respectively). Conclusions: these data support the notion that alpha-enolase is a target antigen in BD, particularly associated with disease activity, mucocutaneous and articular involvement. In addition, IgM AAEA may distinguish BD from ESpA, especially in patients with high disease activity

Abstract Interest in off-pump coronary surgery and ischaemic preconditioning has been increasing. The aim of this study was to evaluate surrogate indicators of haemodynamic, myocardial, and cerebral outcome during off-pump surgery and preconditioning. Haemodynamics and myocardial preservation were monitored in a pilot study of twelve patients undergoing off-pump coronary surgery. Indicators of myocardial metabolism and tissue injury as well as cerebral damage were evaluated in a randomized study of thirty-three patients undergoing on-pump (11) or off-pump surgery with (11) or without (11) preceding myocardial ischaemic preconditioning for five minutes followed by reperfusion for five minutes. The pilot study showed minimal haemodynamic changes and myocardial derangements during off-pump surgery as evaluated intraoperatively based on transcardiac differences of ATP degradation products and lactate and postoperatively based on MB mass of creatine kinase and troponin T. In the following studies, myocardial ischaemic metabolism was evaluated intraoperatively by measuring transcardiac differences of ATP degradation products, lactate, and pH, which increased significantly from the baseline values in all study groups. However, the maximum values of lactate and pH were significantly higher in the cardiopulmonary bypass group (p = 0.02 and p = 0.007, respectively). There were no statistical differences between the preconditioning and non-preconditioning groups. Myocardial tissue injury was evaluated by postoperative leakage of MB mass of creatine kinase and troponin I. Their peak values were significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.008) after cardiopulmonary bypass (15.1 μg/l and 13.8 μg/l) than after off-pump surgery without preconditioning (6.3 μg/l and 5.2 μg/l). The respective values were 14.8 μg/l and 7.4 μg/l after preconditioning, and there were no statistically significant differences between the off-pump groups with and without preconditioning. Cerebral damage was evaluated based on the intra- and postoperative serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, which were corrected with respect to haemolysis. The corrected values were significantly higher after on-pump than off-pump surgery (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005). In conclusion, multi-vessel off-pump coronary artery surgery is a haemodynamically feasible procedure offering better myocardial preservation compared to on-pump surgery. Ischaemic preconditioning of the myocardium does not seem to improve myocardial preservation in off-pump surgery. The slightly lower levels of neuron-specific enolase also suggest less cerebral damage.

Objetivo: este estudo objetivou avaliar a presença do anticorpo anti-alfaenolase (AAAE) IgM na doença de Behçet (DB) e suas possíveis associações com as manifestações clínicas e atividade da doença. Métodos: noventa e sete pacientes com DB foram comparados a 36 pacientes com enteroartrite (EA) [24 com doença de Crohn (DC) e 12 com retocolite ulcerativa (RCU)], além de 87 controles saudáveis. Os testes para detecção do AAAE IgM foram realizados por Immunoblotting. A atividade de doença foi avaliada por índices padronizados, como o Formulário de Atividade Atual da Doença de Behçet (BR-BDCAF) para os pacientes com DB e o Índice de Harvey-Bradshaw (HBI) para os pacientes com DC e RCU. Uma segunda avaliação foi realizada somente nos pacientes com DB (n=56) para a detecção do AAAE IgM, avaliação de atividade de doença e dosagem de proteína-C-reativa (PCR). Resultados: maior prevalência do AAAE IgM foi encontrada na DB (17,7%) comparativamente à EA (2,8%) e aos controles saudáveis (2,3%), p < 0,001. A frequência do AAAE IgM foi maior na DB ativa quando comparada à DB inativa (30,2% vs. 7,4%, p=0,006). Este achado foi confirmado em uma segunda avaliação de 56 pacientes do grupo com DB (45,5% vs. 13,3%, p=0,02). A média do BR-BDCAF foi maior no grupo com AAAE IgM positivo, em ambas avaliações (9,1 ± 5,4 vs. 4,9 ± 4,9, p=0,002; 5,0 ± 4,9 vs. 2,2 ± 2,9, p=0,01, respectivamente). Os pacientes com DB em atividade mucocutânea e articular apresentaram maior incidência do AAAE IgM, tanto na primeira quanto na segunda avaliação (64,7% vs. 27,5%, p=0,005; 36,4% vs. 7,1%, p=0,039, respectivamente). Conclusões: os presentes dados corroboram que a alfa-enolase é um antígeno alvo na DB, particularmente associada à atividade mucocutânea e articular da doença. Além disso, o AAAE IgM pode distinguir a DB da EA, especialmente em pacientes com alta atividade de doença / Objective: this study aimed to assess IgM AAEA in systemic Behçet\'s disease (BD) and its possible association with clinical manifestations and disease activity. Methods: ninety-seven consecutively selected BD patients were compared to 36 enteropathic spondyloarthritis (ESpA) [24 Crohn\'s disease (CD) and 12 ulcerative colitis (UC)] patients and 87 healthy controls. IgM AAEA was detected by Immunoblotting. Disease activity was assessed by standardized indexes, Brazilian BD Current Activity Form (BR-BDCAF) for BD and Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) for CD and UC patients. A second evaluation was performed in BD patients (n=56), regarding IgM AAEA presence, disease activity scores and C-reactive protein (CRP). Results: higher IgM AAEA prevalence was found in BD (17.7%) compared to ESpA (2.8%) and healthy controls (2.3%), p < 0.001. IgM AAEA frequency was higher in active BD compared to inactive BD (30.2% vs. 7.4%, p=0.006), a finding confirmed in the second cross-sectional evaluation of 56 of these BD patients (45.5% vs. 13.3%, p=0.02). Mean BR-BDCAF scores were higher in IgM AAEA positive group on both evaluations (9.1 ± 5.4 vs. 4.9 ± 4.9, p=0.002; 5.0 ± 4.9 vs. 2.2 ± 2.9, p=0.01, respectively). BD patients with mucocutaneous and articular symptoms presented higher IgM AAEA positivity in the first and second evaluations (64.7% vs. 27.5%, p=0.005; 36.4% vs. 7.1%, p=0.039 respectively). Conclusions: these data support the notion that alpha-enolase is a target antigen in BD, particularly associated with disease activity, mucocutaneous and articular involvement. In addition, IgM AAEA may distinguish BD from ESpA, especially in patients with high disease activity