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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Centra rekombinace v semiizolačním CdTe / Centra rekombinace v semiizolačním CdTe

Zázvorka, Jakub January 2012 (has links)
Title: Recombination centers in semiinsulating CdTe Author: Jakub Zázvorka Department / Institute: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor of the master thesis: prof. Ing. Jan Franc, DrSc., Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract: The properties of CdTe for application as a radiation detector are influenced through the presence of deep levels in the bang gap. These energy levels complicate the charge collection and the detector efficiency. Contactless resistivity mapping (COREMA) represents a good option for material characterization without the necessity of metal contacts application. The time-dependent charge measurement was investigated on an adjusted apparatus in FMF Freiburg. Theoretical model of charge transport based on band bending on the sample surface was proposed and a non-exponential behavior was calculated. Using this, the resulted parameter tendencies and their connection with deep level trap or recombination center were explained. A correlation was observed between resistivity, photoconductivity and a near midgap level photoluminescence. Parameter profiles were explained using the theory of Fermi level shift relative to the near midgap level. Three deep levels were observed on samples grown at the Charles University in Prague. Their photoluminescence supports the...
52

Photoconductive studies of zinc-doped n-type silicon.

Krishna, Vijaya January 1970 (has links)
No description available.
53

Crystal growth and photoconductivity of tellurium and selenium-tellurium alloys

Shih, Ishiang January 1981 (has links)
No description available.
54

Electrical transport and photo-induced phenomena in Ga2O3 single crystal

Rana, Dhan B. 24 July 2018 (has links)
No description available.
55

Διερεύνηση διαδικασιών μεταφοράς φορέων ηλεκτρισμού σε νανοδομημένα στρώματα ημιαγωγών με φωτοβολταϊκές εφαρμογές

Μουρτζίκου, Αργυρούλα 17 July 2014 (has links)
Στη παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, μελετήθηκαν ευαισθητοποιημένες ηλεκτροχημικές ηλιακές κυψελίδες. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δόθηκε στη βελτιστοποίηση κύριων χαρακτηριστικών των κυψελίδων αυτών, όπως είναι η απόδοση και ο χρόνος ζωής των ηλεκτρονίων. Για το σκοπό αυτό, παρασκευάστηκαν ηλεκτροχημικές κυψελίδες οι οποίες περιείχαν λεπτά υμένια ημιαγωγού TiO2. Δοκιμάστηκαν διαφορετικά υλικά κατά τη σύνθεση της πάστας TiO2 (ΗNO3, CH3COCH2COCH3, H3PO4) καθώς και διαφορετικοί τρόποι παρασκευής των υμενίων αυτών (doctor blade, spin coating), με στόχο πάντα την επίτευξη υψηλότερης απόδοσης. Έγινε σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων έτσι ώστε να προσδιοριστούν οι διάφοροι παράγοντες στους οποίους οφείλονται τα προβλήματα στη λειτουργία των κυψελίδων αυτών. Για την ευαισθητοποίηση των παραπάνω υμενίων δοκιμάστηκε η χρωστική ρουθηνίου Ν3. Επίσης, στο αρχικό στάδιο των πειραμάτων, τα υμένια TiO2 των κυψελίδων χαρακτηρίστηκαν και ως προς τη μεταβατική φωτοαγωγιμότητά τους για μια επιπλέον ένδειξη της συμπεριφοράς τους στο κενό και στον αέρα. Η μέτρηση της μεταβατικής φωτοαγωγιμότητας έγινε, επίσης, και σε διαφορετικά πάχη υμενίων με στόχο τον καθορισμό του βέλτιστου πάχους. Δείγματα που περιείχαν HNO3 διαπιστώθηκε πως είχαν υψηλότερη απόδοση εν αντιθέσει με δείγματα που περιείχαν H3PO4 τα οποία είχαν χαμηλότερη απόδοση. Ο χρόνος ζωής ενός ηλεκτρονίου φαίνεται να διατηρείται σε υψηλά επίπεδα σε δείγματα που περιείχαν ΗΝΟ3, εν αντιθέσει με άλλα δείγματα στα οποία ο χρόνος ζωής είτε είχε ραγδαία μείωση εξαρχής (Η3PO4), ή είχε ασυνήθιστη μείωση και αύξηση στη δεύτερη και τρίτη μέτρηση (CH3COCH2COCH3). Η προσθήκη CH3COCH2COCH3 στην παρασκευή των υμενίων είχε ως αποτέλεσμα υμένια με υψηλότερη μεταβατική φωτοαγωγιμότητα τόσο στο κενό, όσο και στον αέρα, όμως, χωρίς ιδιαίτερη σταθερότητα. Αντίθετα, η προσθήκη HNO3 παρουσίασε ομαλότερη συμπεριφορά και σαφώς υψηλότερη μεταβατική φωτοαγωγιμότητα στα υμένια σε σύγκριση με υμένια που περιείχαν H3PO4, τα οποία ίσως και λόγω υψηλής ηλεκτραρνητικότητας της φωσφορικής ρίζας σε σύγκριση με αυτή της νιτρικής ρίζας, φάνηκαν ιδιαιτέρως ασθενή. Τα δείγματα παρουσίαζαν μείωση της απόδοσης σε συνάρτηση με το χρόνο. Επιπλέον, το γενικό συμπέρασμα για το πάχος ήταν πως πρέπει να κυμαίνεται γύρω στα 10μm για την αποδοτικότερη λειτουργία μιας ηλεκτροχημικής κυψελίδας. Το υμένιο τέτοιων κυψελίδων αποδείχτηκε πως έχει τη βέλτιστη μεταβατική φωτοαγωγιμότητα στο κενό και στον αέρα, επίσης. Επιπρόσθετα, η σύνδεση των ηλεκτροδίων ομοεπίπεδα (coplanar) σε σχέση με τη την σύνδεση τους ως σάντουιτς δίνει καλύτερα αποτελέσματα και μάλιστα με διαφορά μεγέθους τεσσάρων τάξεων, όσον αφορά τη μεταβατική φωτοαγωγιμότητα τόσο στο κενό, όσο και στον αέρα. Τέλος, η μέθοδος εναπόθεσης spin-coating ενδείκνυται για τα συγκεκριμένα πειράματα, λόγω επίτευξης υμενίων ιδιαιτέρως ομοιόμορφων και με επαναληψιμότητα. Λόγω επίτευξης μικρού πάχους υμενίων, ενδείκνυνται οι πολλαπλές επιστρώσεις για μεγαλύτερο πάχος των υμενίων. Συνίσταται, επίσης, εναλλακτικά είτε πυκνότερη πάστα, είτε λιγότερα δευτερόλεπτα περιστροφής, ή συνδυασμός αυτών των δύο παραμέτρων. Αντιθέτως, η μέθοδος doctor blade οδήγησε σε υμένια που δεν ήταν τόσο ομοιόμορφα και αυτό το γεγονός είχε αντίκτυπο και στη λειτουργία της κυψελίδας. / In the present thesis, dye-sensitized solar cells were studied. Particular emphasis was placed on optimizing the main characteristics of these cells, such as the efficiency and the lifetime of electrons. For this purpose, dye-sensitized solar cells were prepared containing thin films of semiconductor TiO2. Different materials were tested during the composition of the paste TiO2 (ΗNO3, CH3COCH2COCH3, H3PO4) as well as different ways of preparation of these films (doctor blade, spin coating), always aiming to achieve higher performance. Also, the results compared in order to identify individual factors behind the problems in the functioning of these cells. For the sensitization of these films, the ruthenium dye N3 was tested. Also, at the initial stage of the experiments, the TiO2 films of the cells were characterized in terms of their transient photoconductivity for an additional indication of the behavior in vacuum and in air. The measurement of the transient photoconductivity was taken place also at different film thicknesses in order to determine the optimal thickness. Samples containing HNO3 found to have higher performance unlike samples containing H3PO4 which had a lower performance. The lifetime of an electron appears to persist at high levels in samples containing HNO3, in contrast with other samples in which the lifetime was either rapidly reducing from the beginning (H3PO4), or had unusual decrease and increase in the second and third measurement (CH3COCH2COCH3). Adding CH3COCH2COCH3 in the preparation of the films had as a result films with higher transient photoconductivity both in vacuum and in air, but without particular stability. In contrast, the addition of HNO3 showed smoother behavior and clearly higher transient photoconductivity in films in comparison with films containing H3PO4, which perhaps due to the high electronegativity of phosphate in comparison with that of the nitrate anions, seemed particularly weak. The samples showed a reduction as a function of the time. Moreover, the overall conclusion for the thickness was that it should range around 10μm in order to achieve the most efficient operation of an electrochemical cell. It has proved that the film of such cells has the most optimum transient photoconductivity in vacuum and in air, too. Additionally, the coplanar way of connecting electrodes in relation with the “sandwich” way of connecting electrodes gives better results, with difference of four grades size concerning the transient photoconductivity both in vacuum and in air. Finally, the method of spin-coating deposition is indicated for these experiments, achieving films particularly uniform and highly reproducible. Since films are thin, multiple coatings are appropriate for thicker films. Also, it is recommended, alternatively, either denser paste or fewer seconds of rotation, or a combination of these two parameters. In contrast, doctor blade method leaded to films that are not uniform at all and this fact had an impact on the function of the cell.
56

An optoelectronic study of diamond grown by chemical vapour deposition

Hiscock, Jonathan Nicholas January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
57

Materials for millimetre wave detection using femtosecond optical pulses.

January 1999 (has links)
by Chi Sang Wong. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Abstract --- p.ii / Acknowledgements --- p.vii / Table of Contents --- p.viii / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Organisation of Thesis --- p.4 / References --- p.6 / Chapter 2 --- Principles and Theories --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Device Concepts --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Picosecond Photoconductors --- p.14 / Chapter 2.3 --- Photoconducting Antennas --- p.18 / Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.20 / References --- p.21 / Chapter 3 --- Self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire (Ti:Al203) Laser --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 / Chapter 3.2 --- Self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire Laser Cavity --- p.26 / Chapter 3.3 --- Negative Dispersion Using Pairs of Prisms --- p.28 / Chapter 3.4 --- Kerr-lens Mode-Locked Model: Role of Space-time Effects --- p.33 / Chapter 3.5 --- Initiation of Self-mode-locked Pulses --- p.37 / Chapter 3.6 --- 39-fs Pulses from A Self-mode-locked Ti:sapphire Laser --- p.38 / Chapter 3.7 --- Summary --- p.42 / References --- p.43 / Chapter 4 --- Photoconductive Detection of Millimetre Waves Using LT-GaAs --- p.46 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.47 / Chapter 4.2 --- Devices Structures --- p.48 / Chapter 4.3 --- Experimental Setup --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4 --- Results and Discussion --- p.54 / Chapter 4.5 --- Summary --- p.57 / References --- p.58 / Chapter 5 --- Investigation of Other Materials for THz Detection --- p.60 / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2 --- Material Preparation --- p.62 / Chapter 5.3 --- Devices Structures --- p.64 / Chapter 5.4 --- Experimental Setup --- p.68 / Chapter 5.5 --- Results and Discussion --- p.69 / Chapter 5.6 --- Investigation of Other Materials --- p.72 / Chapter 5.7 --- Summary --- p.73 / References --- p.74 / Chapter 6 --- Characteristics of Millimetre Waves --- p.76 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.77 / Chapter 6.2 --- Experimental Setup --- p.78 / Chapter 6.3 --- Experimental Results --- p.80 / Chapter 6.4 --- Experimental Setup --- p.83 / Chapter 6.5 --- Experimental Results --- p.85 / Chapter 6.6 --- Summary --- p.86 / References --- p.87 / Chapter 7 --- Conclusion and Future Work --- p.88 / Chapter 7.1 --- Conclusion --- p.88 / Chapter 7.2 --- Future Work --- p.91 / Appendixes --- p.A-l / Chapter Appendix A: --- Hall Effect Measurement System --- p.A-l / Chapter Appendix B: --- Photography of Device Structures --- p.A-2 / Chapter Appendix C: --- Fast Fourier Transform Program --- p.A-3 / Chapter Appendix D: --- List of Publications --- p.A-4
58

Characterization and applications of low-temperature-grown MBE gallium arsenides

Zhao, Pin 14 January 1994 (has links)
Graduation date: 1994
59

Thermal transport and photo-induced charge transport in graphene

Benjamin, Daniel 24 August 2011 (has links)
The electronic material graphene has attracted much attention for its unique physical properties such as, linear band structure, high electron mobility, and room temperature ballistic conduction. The possibilities for device applications utilizing graphene show great variety, from transistors for computing to chemical sensors. Yet, there are still several basic physical properties such as thermal conductivity that need to be determined accurately. This work examines the thermal properties of graphene grown by the chemical vapor deposition technique. The thermoelectric power of graphene is studied in ambient and vacuum environments and is shown to be highly sensitive to surface charge doping. Exploiting this effect, we study the change in thermoelectric power due to introduction of gaseous species. The temperature dependent thermal conductivity of graphene is measured using a comparison method. We show that the major contribution to the thermal conductivity is the scattering of in-plane phonons. Graphene also shows promise as an optoelectronic material. We probe the Landau level structure of graphene in high magnetic fields using a differential photoconductivity technique. Using this method we observed the lifting of spin and valley degeneracies of the lowest Landau level in graphene.
60

Silicon carbide as a photoconductive switch material for high power applications

Kelkar, Kapil S., January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 3, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

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