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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Femtosecond Pulsed Laser Direct Writing System for Photomask Fabrication

Ngoi, Kok Ann Bryan, Venkatakrishnan, K., Stanley, P., Lim, L.E.N. 01 1900 (has links)
Photomasks are the backbone of microfabrication industries. Currently they are fabricated by lithographic process, which is very expensive and time consuming since it is a several step process. These issues can be addressed by fabricating photomask by direct femtosecond laser writing, which is a single step process and comparatively cheaper and faster than lithography. In this paper we discuss about our investigations on the effect of two types of laser writing techniques, namely, front and rear side laser writing with regard to the feature size and the edge quality of the feature. It is proved conclusively that for the patterning of mask, front side laser writing is a better technique than rear side laser writing with regard to smaller feature size and better edge quality. Moreover the energy required for front side laser writing is considerably lower than that for rear side laser writing. / Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA)
2

Semi-supervised anomaly detection in mask writer servo logs : An investigation of semi-supervised deep learning approaches for anomaly detection in servo logs of photomask writers / Semiövervakad anomalidetektion i maskritares servologgar : En undersökning av semi-övervakade djupinlärningsmetoder för anomalidetektion i servologgar av fotomaskritare

Liiv, Toomas January 2023 (has links)
Semi-supervised anomaly detection is the setting, where in addition to a set of nominal samples, predominantly normal, a small set of labeled anomalies is available at training. In contrast to supervised defect classification, these methods do not learn the anomaly class directly and should have better generalization capability as new kinds of anomalies are introduced at test time. This is applied in an industrial defect detection context in the logs of photomask writers. Four methods are compared: two semi-supervised one-class anomaly detection methods: Deep Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection (DeepSAD), hypersphere classifier (HSC) and two baselines, a reconstructive GAN method based on the Dual Autoencoder GAN (DAGAN) and a non-learned distance method based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence. Results show that semi-supervision increases performance, as measured by ROC AUC and PRO AUC, of DeepSAD and HSC, but at the tested supervision levels, do not surpass the performance of DAGAN. Furthermore, it is found that autoencoder pretraining increases performance of HSC similarly to as it does for DeepSAD, even though only the latter is recommended in literature. Lastly, soft labels are utilized for HSC, but results show that this has no or negative effect on the performance. / Inom semiövervakad anomalidetektion finns det förutom en mängd nominella datapunkter (huvudsakligen normala), även en liten mängd märkta anomalier tillgängliga vid träning. I motsats till övervakad defektklassifikation lär sig dessa metoder inte att känna igen anomaliklassen direkt och bör ha större generaliseringsförmåga när nya sorters anomalier introduceras vid testning. Detta appliceras inom industriell defektdetektion i loggarna för fotomaskritare. Fyra metoder jämförs: Djup Semiövervakad Anomalidetektion (DeepSAD), hypersfärklassificerare (HSC) och två basnivåer, en rekonstruktiv GAN-metod baserad på Dual Autoencoder GAN (DAGAN) och en ickke-lärd avståndsmetod baserad på Kullback-Leibler-divergens. Resultaten visar att semiöervakning förbättrar prestationen, mätt med hjälp av ROC AUC och PRO AUC, för DeepSAD och HSC. Däremot överträffar det inte, för de testade övervakningsnivåerna, prestationen för DAGAN. Vidare kan det ses att autokodningsförträning förbättrar prestationen för HSC på ett liknande sätt som det gör för DeepSAD, trots att bara det senare rekommenderas i litteraturen. Slutligen används mjuka märkningar för HSC, men resultaten visar att detta har liten eller till och med negativ påverkan på resultatet.

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