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Government policy and innovation activity : a patent study of solar photovoltaic balance of system in JapanTakeda, Chihiro 18 November 2014 (has links)
This report studied innovation activity in four areas of the solar photovoltaic balance-of-system (BOS) technologies (inverters, mounting equipment, monitoring systems, and site assessment) in the Japanese market. Through patent searches with specific keywords, this study found that innovation activity in these four technology areas increased and decreased responding to both supply-side and demand-side policies. This report also empirically studied effects of demand-pull policies on innovation activity in the BOS technology areas. The regression analysis of the patent data found that the demand-side policies such as residential subsidy programs employed by the Japanese government were a major factor which influenced innovation activities in these technology areas in the Japanese market. Finally, the regression analysis also found that the termination of the residential subsidy program by the government in 2006 had a negative effect on the innovation activity of the four BOS technologies. / text
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Starting high inertia, high friction loads from limited power sources.Kheder, Abdul-Sameei Yaseen. January 1988 (has links)
At starting, electrical motors require large power and current. This may not be a problem in a large electrical system but it may be very severe for a limited power source like a solar array. If a direct approach is taken the array rating must be 5-6 times the motor rating in order to start the motor and its high inertia high friction load. Batteries have been used to store energy and supply that energy for starting. Batteries need maintenance and their low efficiency is a problem too. In this study a new type of controller has been suggested and developed for the use with D.C. motors. Computer simulation showed promising results. The controller uses the array power, which is equal to the rated power of the motor, for starting and for running condition. Experimental results showed that the theoretical results are applicable.
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Monitoring and control of the performance for a photo-voltaic system DC-DC converter using frequency shift keying14 September 2015 (has links)
M.Ing. / Photovoltaic (PV) systems are considered as renewable resources of energy that are utilized in the conversion of direct and diffuse solar radiation to electric power. These systems are considered as environmentally friendly energy resources as they reduce pollution. These systems’ produced power depends on the radiation of the sun as well as the temperature, the impedance of the load, and the unfitted parameters in PV systems. In this field, the PV systems and DC-DC converters will be explored in both configuration (the open loop and closed loop systems), whilst their implementation will be designed as a closed loop system. The success of the system depends on the algorithm of the maximum power point tracking that catches the maximum sunshine radiation amount to generate the maximum electrical power. This system simulation and hardware implementation will be done through the Proteus program and real components integration ...
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Synthesis and characterisation of hybrid nanocomposites using polyvinylcarbazole and metal selenides to demonstrate photovoltaic propertiesGovindraju, Stefan Joel January 2017 (has links)
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand in partial
fulfilment of the requirement for the degree Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Chemistry. Johannesburg, June 2017. / Due to a high global demand for energy, research groups have been focusing a lot of energy
into finding alternative and cleaner energy sources. Solar power has all the attributes to be the
energy of the future. Solar power is abundantly available and is a cleaner form of energy as
compared to the market-leading fossil fuels.
In this thesis, we consider new materials that can be used in hybrid solar cells. These new
materials combine the properties of inorganic nanomaterials and polymers. The nanomaterials
possess unique properties that can be exploited and the polymers allow for the thin films to
potentially be light weight and flexible.
Copper selenide was synthesized and characterized to produce particles with different sizes as
a function of time. These size variations are shown to emit a spectrum of different colours. In
addition the particles synthesized at various temperatures are reported. Temperature had an
effect on the size of the particles with bigger sizes obtained as the temperature was increased.
Also shown in the results is that Cu2Se nanocrystals were quite resistant to changes with the
sizes marginally increasing with increasing time and temperature. A hybrid material using a
conductive polymer polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) and copper selenide was synthesized and used
as the active layer via a spin coating technique to fabricate a solar cell. Varying amounts (10%
- 50%) of Cu2Se nanocrystals were used in the polymer nanocomposites. The 10% weight
loading resulted in the highest efficiency of 0.74% whilst successive addition of the
nanocrystals affected the polymeric structure of PVK thus resulting in solar cells with even
lower efficiencies.
Niobium selenide was synthesized via the colloidal method using TOP/HDA combination for
the first time. The effect of time on the particles synthesized using a 1:1 mole ratio of Nb:Se
was negligible with particles showing similar properties. The XRD of the samples revealed that
they were amorphous thus making it difficult to conclusively say that niobium selenide was
synthesized successfully. The samples were then annealed however only small improvements
were observed. The concentration of the selenium was then increased in order to form the more
common NbSe2 and NbSe3. The XRD showed the formation of NbSe2 and NbSe3 for 1:2 and
1:3 Nb:Se ratios respectively. In addition, the particles resembled 2D nanostructures readily
observed in layered materials such as NbSe2 and NbSe3. However, some impurities in the form
of oxides were still observed. Hybrid solar cells prepared from the amorphous 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3
Nb:Se samples were fabricated. The NbSe3 composite had the best performing solar cell with
the power conversion efficiency of 3.234% with the amorphous particles generating no current. / LG2017
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Approaches to enhance optical absorption and efficiency of photovoltaic deviceMayimele, Nhluvuko January 2017 (has links)
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2016. / Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) is an environmental friendly technology that promises
e cient and e ective harvesting of solar energy. The organic polymers used in the
fabrication of OPVs are characterized by low weight, tunable electrical and optical
properties. However, the low photo-conversion e ciency (PCE) and instability in air
remains a major drawback that limits their commercialization. The project seeks to
increase the PCE of a cheap photovoltaic device using plasmonic e ects and rare earth
doped waveguides to modify the optical response in the active layer. Incorporating
regularly shaped silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) in OPVs through the surface plasmon
resonance will enhance tunable absorption and scattering of light. These NPs
are prepared by reducing AgNO3 with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and using 2,2-
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) as a stabiliser at di erent reaction times. The Ag NPs
have shown di erent shapes such as spherical and prism shapes of 14, 15 and 16 nm
visualised by TEM. / MT2017
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Experimental investigations on a two-axis sun-tracking concentrated photovoltaic-thermal system cooled by phase change materialZhang, Yi Zhong January 2018 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Science and Technology. / Department of Electromechanical Engineering
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PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM PROPOSAL TO REDUCE KOKOMO TRANSMISSION PLANT’S ELECTRICAL DEPENDENCYTroy Turner (6646640) 10 June 2019 (has links)
<div>Automotive manufacturers are striving to go green, while exceeding the expectations of their stakeholders. The Engineering Technology Capstone Project focused on implementing a photovoltaic (PV) system at the Kokomo Transmission Plant (KTP). The installation of a PV system will reduce KTP’s dependency on fossil fuels, while reducing their carbon footprint. The capstone project is to improve KTP’s environmental impact while reducing their electrical consumption cost in kilowatt per hour (kWh). The capstone project investigated the type of roof mounted PV system, maintenance, cost, benefits and environmental impact.</div>
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NADPH oxidases as potential plasma-membrane electron transporters for algal-based biological photovoltaic devicesAnderson, Alexander January 2014 (has links)
No description available.
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The I3A Framework: enhancing the sustainability of off-grid photovoltaic energy service delivery in Indonesia.Retnanestri, Maria Immaculata Taufi, Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW January 2007 (has links)
Since the 1980s, approximately 10 MWp photovoltaic (PV) power has been installed in off-grid areas in Indonesia for powering lighting, water pumping, communications, health clinics, etc. However, PV energy systems (PVES) have yet to prove their sustainability and remain inaccessible to many remote Indonesian communities. The objective of this interdisciplinary thesis is to draw on social and engineering perspectives to address sustainability issues related to off-grid PVES delivery in Indonesia. By employing the Brundtland definition of sustainability, off-grid PVES delivery is analysed with respect to its institutional, financial, technical, social and ecological sustainability. In parallel, the thesis also investigates PVES Accessibility, Availability and Acceptability (3A), referring to the three energy goals proposed by the World Energy Council. The concepts of Sustainable Development, Social Capital, and Diffusion of Innovation are employed to examine the potential for off-grid PVES to contribute to improving the sustainability of remote Indonesian communities. The I3A (Implementation, 3A) Sustainable PVES Delivery framework is proposed to investigate PVES sustainability and the extent to which local communities can continue to socially innovate to meet their evolving needs beyond initial project completion. Sound project management (PM) is essential as off-grid PVES projects can only access limited resources (time, funds, and scope) and project failure can undermine a community???s capacity to innovate. The research methodologies include literature research, qualitative field research in villages where PVES has been installed and interviews with a wide range of PVES stakeholders in Indonesia. The I3A framework is tested against three off-grid PVES case studies from Lampung, West Java and NTT Provinces and is also proposed as a design tool. A key conclusion is that, to be sustainable and equitable, off-grid PVES projects should be implemented in an institutional framework that provides sound project management and addresses PVES accessibility (financial, institutional and technological), availability (technical quality and continuity) and acceptability (social and ecological). The overall objectives are to acknowledge the interests of all stakeholders, maximise equity, assure PVES continuity, and institutionalize PVES by utilizing and enhancing preexisting community resources to leave the community with the capacity to socially innovate. While this might be regarded as idealistic, enhanced local autonomy and capability will be essential in the context of the energy security and climate change challenges that humanity now faces.
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Wide band gap semiconductors and insulators : synthesis, processing and characterization /Hersh, Peter A. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-157). Also available on the World Wide Web.
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