The voltammetric behaviour of I-cysteine and other organic compounds such as hydrazine, hydroxylamine and methionine has been studied on GCE modified with phthalocyanine complexes of osmium, rhodium and ruthenium. For cysteine oxidation, the catalytic activity of the electrode was dependent the nature of the axial ligand. When cyanide and dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) were used as axial ligands, giving (DMSO)(Cl)Rh(III)Pc, [(CN)₂Rh(III)Pc], (DMSO)₂0S(II)Pc and [(DMSO)₂Ru(II)Pc].2DMSO complexes, the peak current increased with repetitive scanning, indicating the increase in catalytic activity of the electrode after each scan. This behaviour was not observed when pyridine was used as axial ligand. The improvement of the catalytic activity of the GCE after the first scan has been attributed to the formation of the dimeric π-cation radical species at the electrode surface. Water soluble phthalocyanine complex ([(CN)₂Os(II)Pc]²⁻) and the tetramethyltetra-pyridinoporphyrazine complexes of Pd(II) and Pt(II), ([Pd(II)2,3Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺, [Pd(II)3,4Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺, [Pt(II)2,3Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺ and [Pt(II)3,4Tmtppa(-2)⁴⁺) have been prepared. [(CN)₂Os(II)Pc]²⁻ is soluble in water at pH greater 4 without the formation of dimers. The [M(II)Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺ (M = Pd or Pt) show high solubility in water and are stable only in acidic pHs. The cyclic voltammetry of the MPc and [M(II)Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺ complexes prepared, is also reported. The interactions of amino acids I-histidine and I-cysteine with the [M(II)Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺ complexes of Pd(II) and Pt(ll) were studied. All the [M(Il)Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺ are readily reduced to the monoanion species [M(Il)Tmtppa(-3)]³⁻ in the presence of histidine and cysteine. The rate constants for the interaction of [M(Il)Tmtppa(-2)]⁴⁺ complexes ofPt(II) and Pd(II), with histidine and cysteine range from approximately 2 x 10⁻³ to 0.26 dm³ mol⁻¹ s⁻¹. Kinetics of the interaction of [Co(Il)TSPc]⁴⁻ with amino acids, histidine and cysteine in pH 7.2 buffer were studied. The rate constants were found to be first order in both [Co(II)TSPc]⁴⁻ and the amino acid. The formation of [Co(III)TSPc]³⁻ in the presence of histidine occurred with the rate constant of 0.16 dm³ mol⁻¹ s⁻¹, whereas the formation of the [Co(I)TSPc]⁵⁻ species in the presence of cysteine gave the rate constant of 2.2 dm³ mo⁻¹ s¹. The relative quantum yield (QΔ) for singlet oxygen production by [(CN)₂Os(Il)Pc]²⁻, and [(CN)⁴Ru(II)Pc]²⁻ in DMF using diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) and a chemical quencher were determined. The quantum yield values were obtained as 0.39 ± 0.05 , and 0.76 ± 0.02 for [(CN₂Os(II)Pc]²⁻ and [(CN)₂Ru(II)Pc]²⁻ respectively. The differences in quantum yield values have been explained in terms of donor abilities of both the central metal and the axial ligands.

This thesis presents the synthesis of neutral and cationic metallophthalocyanines and their gold nanoparticles conjugates. The spectroscopic characterization of these compounds is presented herein. The studies presented in this work shows that the conjugation of gold nanoparticles influenced both photophysical and photochemical properties. Gold nanoparticles were found to enhance the singlet oxygen quantum yield while lowering the fluorescence quantum yields. This work also looks at the effect of anisotropic gold nanoparticles such as nanorods and bipyramids on the photophysical behaviour of the metallophthalocyanines. The effect of the size of the gold nanorods was investigated herein. The results show that photophysical and photochemical properties can be influenced by both size and shape of the nanoparticles. Physical characterization about the loading of nanoparticles was also looked into. Parameters such as the surface area, the number of surface atoms, the number of atoms as well as the number of nanoparticles loaded on the surface of the phthalocyanines were studied. The self-assembled monolayers formed by phthalocyanines on gold surfaces were studied using the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The gold nanoparticles synthesized herein include both organic and water soluble, different capping agents (citrate, tetraammonium bromide (TAOBr) and cetrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The concentration of the gold nanoparticles was measured on the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and their size and shape were obtained from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. A cationic aluminium phthalocyanine and its conjugates were used for photoinactivation of bacteria and fungi. The results show significant reduction and higher activity in the presence of gold nanoparticles, especially nanorods. A small chapter in this work presents an attempted work on the binding of metallothionein protein with protophorphyrin (IX). The pH and concentration dependent binding studies were investigated

No description available.

by Ka Lok Cheng. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-122). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.ii / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Table of Contents --- p.iv / List of Figures --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xi / Abbreviations --- p.xii / Chapter PART I --- SYNTHESIS OF FERROCENE-CONTAINING PUSH-PULL DIPHENYLPORPHYRINS --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction to Nonlinear Optics --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Interactions of Light with Matters --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Structural Requirements of Second-Harmonic Generating Molecules --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Ferrocene as an Electron Donor in Second Harmonic Generating Molecules --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3 --- Porphyrin as a Platform of Second Harmonic Generating Molecules --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4 --- Target Molecules of this Project --- p.22 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Result and Discussion --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1 --- Preparation of Alkynyl Fragments --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Preparation of 2-ferrocenylethyne (24) --- p.23 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Preparation of 1 -ethynyl-4-nitrobenzene (26) --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- "Preparation of l-ethynyl-4-(N,N-dimethylaminophenyl) benzene (28)" --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2 --- Preparation of Porphyrin Precursors --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-(2'-Ferrocenylethynyl)-l5- formyl-10,20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II) (36)" --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-(2',2'-Dicyanoethenyl)-l5- (2""-Ferrocenylethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II) (38)" --- p.33 / Chapter 2.5 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-Ferrocenylethynyl-l 5-(4""- nitrophenylethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II) (40)" --- p.37 / Chapter 2.6 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-Ferrocenylethynyl-l 5-(4'- (N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl)ethynyl)-10,20-diphenyl porphyrinatonickel(II) (47)" --- p.43 / Chapter 2.7 --- Conclusion for Part One --- p.47 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Experimental Section --- p.48 / Chapter 3.1 --- General Information --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2 --- Physical Measurements --- p.48 / Chapter 3.3 --- Preparation of Alkynyl Fragments --- p.49 / Chapter 3.4 --- Preparation of Some Known Porphyrins --- p.54 / Chapter 3.5 --- "Synthesis of Ferrocenyl ""Push-pull"" Porphyrin" --- p.58 / Chapter PART II --- LIGHT-HARVESTING NAPHTHALENE-PHTHALOCYANINE SYSTEMS --- p.65 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Introduction --- p.55 / Chapter 4.1 --- Porphyrin-based Light-harvesting systems --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Multiporphyrins --- p.57 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Carotenoid-porphyrins --- p.74 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Boron-dipyrrin porphyrins --- p.75 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- Anthracene-porphyrin systems --- p.73 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- Dendritic porphyrins --- p.79 / Chapter 4.2 --- Phthalocyanine-based Light-harvesting systems --- p.80 / Chapter 4.3 --- Objective of this project --- p.83 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Result and Discussion --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1 --- Preparation of naphthalene-phthalocyanine systems --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- Synthesis of zinc(II) tetra( 1 -naphthoxy)phthalocyanines --- p.84 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- Synthesis of tetra[2-(l´ة-naphthoxy)ethoxy] phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (83) --- p.85 / Chapter 5.1.3 --- "Synthesis of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa( 1 -naphthoxy) phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (89)" --- p.86 / Chapter 5.2 --- Absorption spectra of naphthalene-phthalocyanine systems --- p.88 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Absorption spectra at different concentrations --- p.89 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Comparison of the absorption spectra of the naphthoxy phthalocyanine with the spectra of the mixture of corresponding 1-ethoxynaphthalene and alkoxyphthalocyanines --- p.92 / Chapter 5.3 --- Fluorescence Quantum yields of Naphthalene-Phthalocyanine Systems --- p.96 / Chapter 5.4 --- Singlet-singlet energy transfer efficiencies of Naphthalene- phthalocyanine Systems --- p.98 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- Methodology --- p.98 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Determination of energy transfer quantum yields --- p.99 / Chapter 5.5 --- Conclusion for Part II --- p.103 / Chapter Chapter 6 --- Experimental Section --- p.104 / Chapter 6.1 --- General Information --- p.104 / Chapter 6.2 --- Synthesis of tetra( 1 -naphthoxy)phthalocyanines --- p.105 / Chapter 6.3 --- Synthesis of tetra(naphthoxyethoxy)phthalocyanine --- p.108 / Chapter 6.4 --- Synthesis of octa( 1 -naphthoxy)phthalocyanine --- p.111 / References --- p.115 / Appendix A: Spectra of new compounds not discussed in the main text --- p.123 / Appendix B: X-ray crystallographic data of compound40 --- p.133

Chan Wing Kin. / Thesis submitted in: Oct 2004. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iii / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.vi / List of Figures --- p.xi / List of Tables --- p.xv / List of Schemes --- p.xvi / Abbreviations --- p.xviii / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- General Background of Phthalocyanines --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- General Background of Liquid Crystals --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Structural Classification of the Mesophases --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- The Columnar Liquid Crystals --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- The Nematic Phase --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- The Lamellar Phase --- p.11 / Chapter 1.4 --- Applications of Columnar Discotic Liquid Crystals --- p.13 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- General Properties of HATn Materials and Phthalocyanines --- p.13 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Supramolecular Channels and Wires --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Phthalocyanine Based Gas Sensors --- p.21 / Chapter 1.5 --- General Synthesis of Liquid Crystalline Phthalocyanines --- p.23 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanines --- p.23 / Chapter 1.5.1.1 --- Octakis(alkoxymethy l)phthalocy anines --- p.23 / Chapter 1.5.1.2 --- Octa-alkoxyphthalocyanines --- p.26 / Chapter 1.5.1.3 --- Octa-alkylphthalocyanines --- p.29 / Chapter 1.5.1.4 --- Octakis-(alkoxycarbonyl)phthalocyanines --- p.30 / Chapter 1.5.1.5 --- Octa-(p-alkoxylphenyl)phthalocyanines --- p.32 / Chapter 1.5.1.6 --- Tetrakis[oligo(ethyleneoxy)] phthalocyanines --- p.34 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Non-Peripherally Substituted Phthalocyanines --- p.35 / Chapter 1.5.2.1 --- Octa(alkoxymethyl)phthalocyanines --- p.35 / Chapter 1.5.2.2 --- Octa-alkylphthalocyanines --- p.37 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Unsymmetrically Substituted Phthalocyanines --- p.40 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Liquid Crystalline Metallophthalocyanines --- p.42 / Chapter 1.5.4.1 --- Copper Phthalocyanines --- p.42 / Chapter 1.5.4.2 --- "Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, and Zinc Phthalocyanines" --- p.43 / Chapter 1.5.4.3 --- Lutetium Phthalocyanines --- p.43 / Chapter 1.5.4.4 --- "Silicon, Tin, and Lead Phthalocyanines" --- p.44 / Chapter 1.6 --- Summary --- p.45 / Chapter 1.7 --- References --- p.47 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- "Syntheses, Aggregation Behavior and Liquid Crystalline Properties of Peripherially Octaalkynyl Phthalocyanines" --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1 --- Synthesis and Characterization of Octaalkynyl Phthalocyanines --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Preparation of Alkynyl Fragment 22 --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Preparation of Alkynyl Phthalonitrile 23 --- p.58 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- "Synthesis and Characterization of [2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-Octakis(3,4,5-tris (dodecyloxy)phenylethynyl)phthalocyaninato]magnesium(II) (29)" --- p.62 / Chapter 2.2 --- Electronic Absorption of Alkynylated Phthalocyanine 29 --- p.65 / Chapter 2.3 --- Liquid Crystalline Properties of Alkynyl Phthalocyanine 29 --- p.71 / Chapter 2.4 --- Summary --- p.73 / Chapter 2.5 --- Experimental Section --- p.74 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- General Information --- p.74 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Physical Measurements --- p.74 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Photophysical Measurements --- p.75 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Experimental Procedure --- p.76 / Chapter 2.6 --- References --- p.83 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Facile Synthesis of Liquid Crystalline Phthalocyanines Through Transesterification Reactions --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1 --- Synthesis and Characterization --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- "Preparation of 4,5-bis(4-methoxycarbonylphenoxy)phthalonitrile (30)" --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Preparation of Phthalocyanines --- p.87 / Chapter 3.2 --- Electronic Absorption Properties and Aggregation Behavior --- p.91 / Chapter 3.3 --- Liquid Crystalline Properties of Phthalocyanines 31 -37 --- p.101 / Chapter 3.4 --- Summary --- p.104 / Chapter 3.5 --- Experimental Section --- p.105 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Experimental Procedure --- p.105 / Chapter 3.6 --- References --- p.114 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- "In vitro Photodynamic Activities of Peripherially Octa-substituted Zinc Phthalocyanines with Terminal Mono-, Di- and Triethylene Glycol Chains" --- p.115 / Chapter 4.1 --- Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) --- p.115 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Brief Introduction of Photodynamic Therapy --- p.115 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Photophysical Mechanism Involved in PDT --- p.117 / Chapter 4.2 --- Photophysical Properties of Phthalocyanines 34-36 --- p.119 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- An overview of photochemical and photophysical processes --- p.119 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Spectroscopic and Photophysical Properties of Phthalocyanines 34-36 --- p.122 / Chapter 4.3 --- In vitro Photodynamic Activities --- p.128 / Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.128 / Chapter 4.5 --- Experimental Section --- p.129 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- In vitro Studies --- p.129 / Chapter 4.6 --- References --- p.131 / Appendix --- p.135

Duan Lei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.i / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iii / Acknowledgement --- p.iv / Table of Contents --- p.v / List of Figures --- p.viii / List of Tables --- p.xii / List of Schemes --- p.xiii / Abbreviations --- p.xvi / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Unsymmetrical Phthalocyanines 一 An Overview / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Synthesis of A3B Phthalocyanines --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Statistical Condensation --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Subphthalocyanine Approach --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Synthesis on Polymer Support --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3 --- Synthesis of A2B2 Phthalocyanines --- p.18 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Preparation of Cross-Substituted Phthalocyanines (ABAB-type) --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Preparation of ´ب´بAdjacent´ح Phthalocyanines (AABB-type) --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives of This Thesis --- p.24 / Chapter 1.5 --- References --- p.25 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- "Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Photodynamic Activities of Mono-Alkoxy and Hydroxy Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines" / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2 --- "Preparation and Characterization of Unsymmetrical Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines Substituted with a 3,4,5- Tris(dodecyloxy)phenylmethyloxy Group" --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- Preparation and Characterization of Halogenated Unsymmetrical Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4 --- Preparation and Characterization of 2-Hydroxy Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine --- p.44 / Chapter 2.5 --- Introduction of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) --- p.47 / Chapter 2.6 --- In vitro Photodynamic Activities of 2-Hydroxy Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine --- p.50 / Chapter 2.7 --- Conclusion --- p.52 / Chapter 2.8 --- Experimental Section --- p.52 / Chapter 2.9 --- References --- p.63 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- "Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Photodynamic Activities of Phthalocyanines Containing N，N-Di- methylaminoethylsulfanyl Substituents" / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.66 / Chapter 3.2 --- Preparation and Characterization of Octasubstituted Phthalocyanines --- p.67 / Chapter 3.3 --- Characterization of Disubstituted Amphiphilic Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines --- p.74 / Chapter 3.4 --- In vitro Photodynamic Activities --- p.80 / Chapter 3.5 --- Conclusion --- p.83 / Chapter 3.6 --- References --- p.90

Chapter 1 presents an overview of the synthetic methods and properties of phthalocyanines, focusing on the unsymmetrical analogues, side-strapped derivatives, and crown ether-containing phthalocyanines. The use of these compounds in photodynamic therapy and their supramolecular chemistry are also reviewed. / Chapter 2 reports the synthesis of a series of unsymmetrical "3+1" zinc(II) phthalocyanines via a one-pot cyclization-transesterification procedure in different alcoholic solvents. Their photophysical properties and in vitro photodynamic activities toward HT29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells are also reported. One of the compounds, a zinc(II) phthalocyanine substituted with two polyethylene glycol chains, can form surfactant-free nanoparticles in water and in the culture media. These phthalocyanine-containing nanoparticles exhibit a high photocytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells showing that the polymeric substituents may serve as an effective carrier system. / Chapter 4 reports the synthesis and spectroscopic properties of a side-strapped bis(17-crown-5)-containing zinc(II) phthalocyanine. In contrast to the previously reported benzo-fused crown ether-appended phthalocyanines, the ether rings of this molecule are orthogonal to the phthalocyanine plane. As a result, this compound forms J-aggregate in chloroform. Upon addition of alkali metal ions, these aggregates are disrupted forming a linear supramolecular structure, which has been inferred by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. / Chapter 5 describes the synthesis and spectroscopic properties of two side-strapped zinc(II) phthalocyanines, which have one and two benzo-25-crown-8 moieties, respectively. The bis(crown ether) analogue favors the formation of J-aggregate in non-coordinating solvents. In CHCl 3, the aggregation of these compounds is promoted by the addition of 1,2-bis(pyridinium)ethane bis(hexfluorophosphate). The aggregation of these compounds can also be induced by the oxonium ions generated by the addition of organic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid and acetic acid. After neutralization with Et3N, the aggregate is disrupted and the phthalocyanines are converted back to their original nonaggregated state. For the symmetrically substituted compound, this acid-base switched aggregation-disaggregation process can be recycled for more than 8 times. / The synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, photophysical properties, aggregation properties, and in vitro photodynamic activities of several side-strapped phthalocyanines are described in Chapter 3. Pentaerythritol, having four hydroxyl groups, has been used as the linker to connect hydrophilic oligoethylene glycol chains or hydrophobic alkyl chains to the phthalocyanine core. The aggregation tendency of these compounds, which depends on their amphiphility, has been studied by absorption spectroscopy. The relationship of this property with the in vitro photocytotoxicity has also been revealed. / This thesis reports our studies on several novel series of phthalocyanines including a series of "3+1" unsymmetrical phthalocyanines formed by a one-pot cyclization-transesterification procedure, and several side-strapped phthalocyanines having an amphiphilic character or containing crown ether units. The applications of these compounds in photodynamic therapy and supramolecular chemistry have also been explored. / by Bai, Ming. / "September 2007." / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: B, page: 4745. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

A novel series of silicon(IV) phthalocyanines substituted axially with one or two 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)-2-propoxy group(s) are described in Chapter 3. These compounds are essentially non-aggregated in common organic solvents and show a weak fluorescence emission, while their methylated derivatives are also non-aggregated even in aqueous media and exhibit a strong fluorescence emission. The photocytotoxicities of these compounds against HepG2 and J774 cells have also been investigated. These new phthalocyanines, in particular the unsymmetrical and amphiphilic analogues, are highly potent with IC50 values down to 20 nM. The cellular uptake and subcellular localisation of these compounds have also been studied by fluorescence microscopy. The unsymmetric phthalocyanine SiPc[OC3H5(NMe2 )2](OMe) has a high and selective affinity to the mitochondria of HepG2 cells. / Chapter 1 presents an overview of photodynamic therapy, including its historical development, current clinical status, and photophysical and biological mechanisms. Some representative photosensitisers are also reviewed. / Chapter 2 describes two silicon(IV) phthalocyanines containing poly(ethylene glycol) chains at the axial positions, including their synthesis, spectroscopic characteristics and photophysical properties. Their complexation with bovine serum albumin and in vitro photodynamic activities towards HepG2 human hepatocarcinoma cells and J774 mouse macrophage are also reported. / Chapter 4 discusses the photodynamic effects of a series of silicon(IV) phthalocyanines with different axial substituents against HT29 and T84 human colon adenocarcinoma cells, with the long-term goal of developing efficient photosensitising agents for colorectal cancer. While these compounds are not cytotoxic in the absence of light, they exhibit high photocytotoxicities with IC50 values as low as 17 nM. / Chapter 5 reports the synthesis and characterisation of a series of halogenated silicon(IV) phthalocyanines substituted axially with poly(ethylene glycol), 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)-2-propoxy or isopropylidene-protected galactose groups, with the goal of enhancing the photosensitising properties by heavy atom effect. (Abstract shortened by UMI.) / This thesis describes the synthesis, spectroscopic characterisation, and photo-physical and biological properties of a series of novel silicon(IV) phthalocyanines which are potentially useful as second-generation photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy. / Lo Pui-chi. / "September 2005." / Adviser: Dennis K. P. Ng. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-07, Section: B, page: 3813. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract in English and Chinese. / School code: 1307.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--York University, 2007. Graduate Programme in Chemistry. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-75). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR38780

Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. Directed by Spyros G. Pavlostathis. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 381-393).