Foy Ridge is located about twenty-six miles south-southwest of Tucson, Arizona, and about a mile north of the Twin Buttes mining district. The sediments of the Roy Ridge area range in age from Cambrian to Recent. Separation of the Paleozoic section into mappable units has been complicated by post-Permian metamorphism. This metamorphism has destroyed any fossils that were probably once present, although a few remains of a Devonian Cladopora reef have been recognized. The metamorphism has caused a recrystallization of the limestones and an alteration of the shales to hornfels with stringers of epidote. The result is a sequence of altered Paleozoic rocks closely resembling one another. Lateral compression acting in a northeast-southwest direction played the major role in the tectonic history of the Foy Ridge area. Foy Ridge is the inverted limb of a large fold overturned to the northeast. As the fold was being produced thrust faults and wrench faults formed in the limbs. These first faults were cut off by the Foy Ridge fault that formed in the southwest limb of a northwest plunging anticline. This anticline was thrust forward (southwest) and upward until it was pressed against the inverted limb (Foy Ridge) and the adjacent fold. A disharmonic fold probably formed in the normal limb of the major fold of which Foy Ridge is a part. Thrust faults in the disharmonic fold repeated the lower Paleozoic section on the southwest side of Foy Ridge. As compression continued the last major thrust of the area was produced. This was the Bolsa Overthrust, which probably originated in the core of the disharmonic fold. It cut across the inverted limb of the major fold and may have also cut across the crest of the northwest plunging anticline northeast of the Foy Ridge fault. Intrusive activity followed or accompanied the overthrusting and folding of the area. This was closely followed by post-intrusion normal faulting. The Twin Buttes, two prominent hills immediately east of the thesis area, are a southeastern extension of the northeastern limb of the northwest plunging anticline that formed the hanging wall of the Foy Ridge fault. The "breached anticline" of the Twin Buttes mining district is probably related to the normal limb of the fold that formed Foy Ridge. The synclinal area between these two folds is covered by alluvium.

No description available.

No description available.

When the Gila Pimas came into contact with Hispanic culture at the close of the 17th century, they had a relatively stable culture and economy. Subsistence was based on irrigation agriculture, supplemented by hunting and gathering. Except in basketry and weaving, their technology was simple. There were no full-time specialists The social organization was based on the patrilineal extended family, complicated by forms of relationships which cut across family and village lines. Leadership was just beginning to extend beyond the village The interests of the society were focused on curing, social relationships, and agriculture. Hospitality and peace were the two discernible values of the society. During the one hundred sixty years of Hispanic contact, the Gila Pimas were in an advantageous position in their relationships with the Whites. No immigrant establishment was ever located within their territory, and they were valued as one of the defenses of Sonora against encroachment from the north. Contacts between agents of the two cultures occurred intermittently and in an atmosphere of equality, rather than continuously and under conditions of domination. The Gila Pimas were thus never forced to live under two sets of values, and were able to choose what of Hispanic culture they wished to accept. They chose elements which they deemed desirable for their material benefit, rejecting others offered them. Consequently, Gila Pima culture was enriched by the Hispanic contacts, and readiness to adopt new cultural traits was stimulated. The continuity of the culture was uninterrupted, however, and no major reorientation took place, although the development of an orientation toward war was in process. Culture contact under those conditions has been defined as the situation of non-directed acculturation, The response of the Gila Pimas to that kind of acculturation situation was to develop a pattern of adjustment designated as selective acceptance with no major reorientation, and it is suggested that such a pattern of adjustment is only possible in a situation of non-directed acculturation.

Introduction. Pima Indians living in the United States (U.S.) have the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the world. Their Mexican counterparts, living a traditional lifestyle in the mountain of Sonora, Mexico, have at least five times less diabetes than the U.S. Pima Indians. The effects of a traditional lifestyle in reducing type 2 diabetes risk factors and the association of factors to type 2 diabetes were evaluated in a sample of 1211 genetically related Pima Indians living different lifestyles (224 from Mexico and 887 from U.S.). Subsets of these populations were used to address specific questions. First, differences in insulin resistance between subjects with normal glucose tolerance (194 Mexican versus 449 U.S. Pima) were evaluated. Second, the effect of physical activity and obesity explaining differences in metabolic syndrome prevalence were evaluated in 224 and 447 Mexican and U.S. Pima Indians. Third, factors associated with type 2 diabetes were evaluated in each Pima Indian population (224 from Mexico and 887 from U.S.).Methods. Demographic, physical, biochemical, and lifestyle factors were measured in 1996 in a cross-sectional study of Pima Indians 20 years of age or older living in Maycoba, Sonora Mexico and contrasted to results from a sample of U.S. Pima Indians participating in an ongoing epidemiological study that used similar methods and selection criteria. Insulin resistance was estimated by both fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Metabolic syndrome was defined using the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP III) criteria. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weigh in kilograms by the square of height in meters (Kg/m2). Physical activity was measured using a questionnaire developed for the U.S. Pima Indians and adapted to the Mexican Pima Indian population. Type 2 diabetes was defined according to the 1999 WHO criteria after an oral glucose tolerance test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to answer the first question (related to differences in insulin resistance) and multiple logistic regressions analysis to answer the second (related with differences in metabolic syndrome) and third questions (related to factors associated with type 2 diabetes).Results. Insulin resistance was much lower in the Mexican Pima Indians than in genetically related U.S. counterparts, even after controlling for differences in obesity, age and sex. In addition, the unadjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 24.1% and 56.6 % in the Mexican and U.S. Pima Indians, respectively. However, most of the difference in metabolic syndrome prevalence was explained by differences in obesity and physical activity. Furthermore, in Mexican Pima Indians, type 2 diabetes was independently associated with age, fasting insulin, and waist circumference. In the U.S. Pima Indians, type 2 diabetes was associated with with age, sex, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, blood pressure and physical activity.Conclusion. The findings underscore the importance of lifestyle in the prevention of type 2 diabetes risk factors, such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, even in individuals with high propensity to develop diabetes.

Seventeen pima cotton varieties were grown at the Marana Agricultural Center as part of the national cotton variety testing program. Lint yield, boll size, lint percent and fiber properites are presented in this report.

Seventeen Pima varieties were grown in a replicated trial at the Maricopa Agricultural Center as part of the national cotton variety testing program. Lint yield, boll size, lint percent, plant populations, plant heights and fiber properties are presented in this report.

Sixteen long staple varieties were tested in a replicated small plot trial on the Safford Agricultural Center in Graham county at an elevation of 2950 feet. The highest yielding variety in this study was OA 340 with a yield of 1021 pounds of lint per acre. It was followed by two other Olvey varieties yielding over 900 pounds per acre, including OA 322 and OA 361 (White Pima). In the adjacent regional short staple cotton trial were three interspecific hybrids from Hazera, an Israeli Seed Company. These hybrids grew like short staple cotton, but the fiber was more like the barbadense parent. These hybrids yielded from 1146 to 1091 pounds per acre. Their data is included at the bottom of the tables for comparison with the other long staple variety values. Yield and other agronomic data as well as fiber quality data are contained in this paper.

Thirty long staple varieties were tested in a replicated small plot trial on the Safford Agricultural Center in Graham county at an elevation of 2950 feet. The highest yielding variety in this study was Hazera 83-208 with a yield of 1272 pounds of lint per acre. This interspecific hybrid from Israel yielded nearly 300 pounds per acre more lint than the next closest variety. The average yield in the trial was lower than in the previous year’s study. Yield and other agronomic data as well as fiber quality data are contained in this paper.

Twenty long staple varieties were tested in a replicated small plot trial on the Safford Agricultural Center in Graham County at an elevation of 2950 feet. The highest yielding variety in this study was HAZ 195 with a yield of 1408 pounds of lint per acre. This interspecific hybrid possessing a “fuzzy” seed and was tested with the Acala varieties in 2000, but was included in the Pima study this year because of it’s fiber characteristics. OA 345 was the highest yielding nonhybrid variety in the study, it yielded nearly 800 pounds of lint per acre. Yield and other agronomic data as well as fiber quality data are contained in this paper along with estimated values of the lint.