Cartesian genetic programming (CGP) is a form of genetic programming where candidate programs are represented in the form of directed acyclic graphs. It was shown that CGP can be accelerated using coevolution with a population of fitness predictors which are used to estimate the quality of candidate solutions. The major disadvantage of the coevolutionary approach is the necessity of performing many time-consuming experiments to determine the best size of the fitness predictor for the particular task. This project introduces a new fitness predictor representation with phenotype plasticity, based on the principles of colearning in evolutionary algorithms. Phenotype plasticity allows to derive various phenotypes from the same genotype. This allows to adapt the size of the predictors to the current state of the evolution and difficulty of the solved problem. The proposed algorithm was implemented in the C language and optimized using SSE2 and AVX2 vector instructions. The experimental results show that the resulting image filters are comparable with standard CGP in terms of filtering quality. The average speedup is 8.6 compared to standard CGP. The speed is comparable to standard coevolutionary CGP but it is not necessary to experimentally determine the best size of the fitness predictor while applying coevolution to a new, unknown task.

This thesis focuses on shell shape plasticity of Unio crassus at 12 localities. 1129 shape outlines were used for the purposes of this work. The outlines were gained from 260 individuals in the way of analysing the winter growth lines. The Elliptic Fourier Analysis appeared to be reasonable tool for the bivalves' shells shapes assessment. The winter growth lines' consideration showed great potential for morphometric analyses. The results shows that PC1 and PC2 axes (from principal component analysis of shape coeficients) are growth- dependent. The allometry influence was removed by residual values assessment obtained from generalized linear model (GLM). The age, length and width parameters appears to be favourable combination for general allometry influence removal (by using these parameters as describing variables in GLM model). The results point to significant differences among localities in all assessed parameters. Furthermore, the significant difference in growth speed was approved. Speed growth indicator correlates with shape variables. The localities can be divided into two groups with different growth speed each (Bertalanffy growth constant, length in the third year and age relative length). These groups differs in about 10 mm in average lengths. The most similar localities were "Blanice...

The thesis is focused on assessment of fatigue behaviour of austempered ductile iron with nodular graphite. Optimal period of transformation was determined based on the best combination of stress and strain characteristics established by tensile test. Cyclic response and low-cycle fatigue life were studied under both stress-control and longitudinal strain-control mode at room temperature. For both modes, shapes of cyclic hardening curves are dependent on stress amplitude. Cyclic deformation curves (CDC) were fitted by power regression function. Results were compared with CDC established by multiple step test in both modes with verification of the influence of cyclic creep (high stress levels, stress-control mode). Experimental data of S-N curves are in agreement with the Manson-Coffin and the Basquin law. Fatigue and cyclic parameters were compared. Fatigue life time in high-cycle fatigue region was determined. Experimental data were fitted by suitable regression functions. Regression parameters and fatigue limit were established by means of each regression function. Experimental data in low- and high-cycle fatigue regions were used to construct S-N curve and to determine relevant parameters. Discontinuity of experimental data was not observed. Low-cycle fatigue behaviour was predicted. Approximation of tolerance bands was realized in high-cycle and both high and low cycle fatigue regions.

The diploma thesis deals with the creation of a design of a new apartmen building in the city of Brno on the plot expected to be completed by the city block. Typologically it deals with the current design possibilities of gallery apartment buildings / porch houses, implementation of space-demanding grocery stores and commercial areas into urban structures. Architecturally explores the possibilities of designing new constructions with citation of architectural language a tectonics of past styles.

Title: Effect of robot-assisted therapy on upper limb function in activities of daily living in patients after acquired brain injury Aims: The main aim of the thesis was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two therapeutic approaches using robot-assisted glove Gloreha Sinfonia to perform Activity of daily living in patients after acquired brain injury. Methods: The study is an empirical quantitative research, a monocentric randomized controlled, simply blinded study. The study compares two groups, group A (n = 20) used a robot-assisted Gloreha glove with a bimanual approach, group B (n = 20) had therapy with a robot-assisted Gloreha glove with an unimanual approach. All patients were evaluated for eligibility and underwent initial testing (T1). Patients in both groups had therapy (unimanual / bimanual) for three weeks (15x), retest (T2) was performed after completion of the intervention, and a follow-up evaluation was performed after 1 month (T3). Patients were always evaluated by the Upper Extremity Motor Activity Log (UE MAL), Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Box and Block test (BBT) and Motricity Index (MI). Results: According to the results of the MAS test in group A, there was a statistically significant improvement in upper limb function in category 8 at...

Nutrients are usually patchily distributed in natural soils. Plants are often able to respond to nutrient heterogeneity in artificial conditions by active plastic changes of root system morphology. The occurrence or magnitude of a foraging response can be altered by the presence of competition. However, it is unclear to what extent root foraging takes place in the field. I conducted a field experiment in order to determine the effect of an artificial nutrient patch on fine belowground biomass of (a) an established community and (b) model plants. The study array consisted of a grid of 30×30 cm plots with model plants located in the centre. Half of the plots contained the artificial patch located 5.5 cm from the model plant. Fertilizer patch treatment did not increase mean plot fine underground biomass. Instead, fine underground biomass was higher in places of greater soil moisture estimated from mean plot EIVs. Neither total model plant root biomass nor proportion of roots in the enriched quarter increased in the fertilizer treatment. Competition was probably higher in fertilized than in control plots judging by a 2-fold increase in death rate of model plants. However, greater proportion of model plants flowered in the treatment plots. Possible causes include a plastic response to the patch as well...

Plant functional traits (plant height, aboveground biomass, R/S ratio, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, specific root length and arbuscular mycorrhizal infection) were measured for several grassland plant species growing under different soil fertility conditions in a greenhouse and a field experiments. Traits` response to nutrient addition and the differences in traits among species and between forbs and grasses were studied. Results from the greenhouse and the field experiment were compared.

Fatique life extension of nuclear powerplants lies in the search for project reserves. This work deals with the evaluation of low-cycle fatigue of nuclear installations of the VVER type and the assessment of the influence of the computational model level. Fatigue tests of austenitic steel using optical method of digital image correlation for which the evaluation procedure is designed and used is performed. Selected model of plasticity with kimenatic (Chaboche) and combinated hardening (Chaboche, Voce) are calibrated from the obtained data. Subsequently, the durability of the test specimen is determined by computational modeling for different material models. From the comparison of the results of fatigue tests with the calculation, the material models suitable for the description of fatigue life and their validity are determined.

The thesis is devoted to study of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics and the related mathematical analysis. It consists of four self-contained chapters dealing with different aspects. The first chapter focuses on peridynamics, a non-local theory of continuum mechanics, and its relation to conventional local theory of Cauchy-Green elasticity. Similar compar- isons has been used for proving consistency and for determining some of the material coefficients in peridynamics, provided the material parameters in the local theory are known. In this chapter the formula for the non-local force-flux is computed in terms of the peridynamic interaction, relating the fundamental concepts of these two theories and establishing hence a new connection, not present in the previous works. The second and third chapters are both devoted to Rate-Independent Systems (RIS) and their applications to continuum mechanics. RIS represents a suitable approximation when the internal, viscous, and thermal effects can be neglected. RIS has been proven to be useful in modeling hysteresis, phase transitions in solids, elastoplasticity, damage, or fracture in both small and large strain regimes. In the second chapter the existence of solutions to an evolutionary rate-independ- ent model of Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) is proven. The model...

Organic architecture is often used term especially in connection with the daring and experimental form. The exact definition or division is still missing. The founder of modern organic architecture is to be generally considered as Frank Loyd Wright. He was the man who created organic architecture and also made first definition in the early twentieth century, when formulating new architectural styles. Dissertation deals with insufficiently described problem of organic architecture. The main focus is on contemporary production of residential organic architecture in Central Europe. Especially on the particular realizations in Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Austria, Germany and Poland. Beside detail description of European realizations, the dissertation deals also with foundations of organic architecture in U.S.A. and important realizations here. Modern organic architecture primarily originated in the United States of America. The work presents most important contemporary realizations and architects creating resident living organic architecture in other countries around the world in order to complete the overview. The objective of dissertation was describing newest trends in designing buildings for living. Find position of organic architecture and give reasons for it´s increasing popularity, spread and necessity for new development in architecture according to the new trends. Organic architecture is an alternative way of contemporary residential living. It´s popularity is growing in last years in response to the development of modern technologies and materials, the need to protect our natural resources and also to the increasing negatives of globalization and to denial of local traditions and regional specificities. Aspects of organic forms were divided into three main groups according to their main characteristics: form, harmony and sustainable development. Another objective was find location of contemporary organic residential architecture in Czech Republic and abroad. It is rather spread all over the world than concentrated on certain places. Therefore I selected countries that are richer than the others on the occurrence of organic buildings. The objective was also to address architects, specialists, public and especially university teachers of architecture and students themselves. Communication with them was mainly connected with grant project in 2010. The theme of grant project was contemporary organic architecture in residential living. There were lectures about contemporary organic architecture and exhibition on the theme: Contemporary living organic architecture. The publication of the catalog was published under the title: Contemporary organic houses - Europe. I had the opportunity to visit a number of organic family houses abroad. Specifically houses in Slovakia, Hungary and Germany. Results of survey, which was realized by questions to owners and authors of chosen buildings, are included in dissertation. The mail results of dissertation are - make a detail review of organic architecture in residential living - define trends in contemporary organic architecture and residential living - obtain and process answers from owners and authors of chosen buildings within survey - analysis of organic house ( houses) in city planning and landscape - publication of catalogue focused on organic contemporary European houses - article about contemporary organic architecture and residential living will be published in 2012 on archiweb page