The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in 1986 in copper-oxide materials have opened up new avenues to investigate new families of quantum materials that were previously not known. Understanding the mechanism of superconductivity in high-T[sub]c superconductors has been an important research theme in condensed matter physics, as it is believed to be essential to realize the next generation engineered materials that become superconducting at room temperature. Discovered in 2006, iron based superconductors are a new addition to the family of high-T[sub]c superconductors, these materials exhibit several interesting properties and show some vivid similarities with cuprates and other families of high-temperature superconductors. In this thesis, I will present the spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SPSTM) study carried out on the parent compound of iron chalcogenide high temperature superconductor Fe[sub](1+y)Te to investigate the bi-collinear antiferromagnetic order. Magnetic tips in this work are prepared using a novel preparation technique by picking up excess iron atoms and clusters of FeTe from the surface of the sample. Next, I will present the SP-STM results obtained in the spin glass phase of Fe[sub](1+y)SeₓTe₁₋ₓ visualizing the interplay between the short ranged bi-directional bi-collinear antiferromagnetic order and superconductivity at the atomic scale. In this thesis, I will also present the scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/STS) study of the native and engineered defect bound states in the iron-pnictide superconductor LiFeAs. This study addresses the pairing symmetry of the superconducting order parameter and understanding of dip-hump features seen in STM spectra outside the superconducting gap in iron pnictide superconductor LiFeAs.

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