Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-08T14:53:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2221140 bytes, checksum: 4ddeaabdbb4a844b73f18fb41c32542a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / One increasingly common workplace in the twenty-first century is the automobile. It is used to realize the activity of car patrolling by the Military Police. Being the state of Paraíba in a tropical and semi-arid climate, considering the standard uniform used by the police for the activity concerned, besides the instruments needed for the activity, ratings related to thermal comfort of officers on the car patrolling activity becomes summary, being this the objective of this study. For this purpose the following standards were applied: ISO 14505 (2007): Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles, ISO 7243 (1989): Hot environments - Estimation of the heat stress on working man, based on the WBTG-index and ISO 7933 (1989): Hot environments - Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal stress using calculation of required sweat rate. The results showed that all the parameters considered in ISO 14505-3 (2006) showed the thermal environment as uncomfortable. Moreover, after correction of the thermal insulation factor for the WBGT index, considering a ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ = 27.88 º C it is determined that the activities under study can not be performed without precautionary steps to be taken. Still, the required sweating rate was below the maximum allowed, however, the fraction of required wet skin (wreq) is equal to the fraction of maximum wet skin (wmax), exposing the subjects to the danger. Thus, it is noticed that among the studied parameters, the activity of car patrolling performed by the Military Police of the 1st Battalion of Paraíba is considered inadequate in relation to the thermal parameters. / Um dos ambientes de trabalho cada vez mais comuns no século XXI é o automóvel. Este é utilizado pelas forças armadas na realização da atividade de radiopatrulhamento por parte das Polícias Militares. Sendo a Paraíba um estado de clima tropical e semiárido, considerando o uniforme padrão utilizado pelos policiais para a atividade em questão, além dos instrumentos necessários à atividade, avaliações relacionadas ao conforto térmico dos policiais em atividade de radiopatrulhamento motorizado se tornam necessárias, sendo este o objetivo do presente trabalho. Para tanto, foram aplicadas as normas ISO 14505 (2007): Ergonomics of the thermal environment Evaluation of thermal environments in vehicles; ISO 7243 (1989): Hot environments Estimation of the heat stress on working man, based on the WBTG-index e ISO 7933 (1989): Hot environments Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal stress using calculation of required sweat rate. Os resultados mostraram que todos os parâmetros considerados na ISO 14505-3 (2006) apontaram o ambiente térmico como desconfortável. Além disto, após a correção do fator de isolamento térmico para as tabelas do IBUTG, com um ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅ = 27,88ºC conclui-se que as atividades em estudo não podem ser realizadas sem que medidas de precaução sejam tomadas. Ainda, o índice de sudorese requerida mostrou-se abaixo do máximo permitido, entretanto, a fração de pele molhada requerida (wreq) é igual à fração de pele molhada máxima (wmax), expondo os indivíduos à situação de perigo. Desta forma, nota-se que a atividade de radiopatrulhamento realizada pelos Policiais Militares do 1º Batalhão da Paraíba é considerada como inadequada no que se refere aos parâmetros térmicos.

Perceptual categorization involves integrating bottom-up sensory information with top-down knowledge which is based on prior experience. Bottom-up information comes from the external world and visual saliency is a type of bottom-up information that is calculated on the differences between the visual characteristics of adjacent spatial locations. There is currently a related debate in municipal law enforcement communities about which are more ‘visible’: white police cars or black and white police cars. Municipalities do not want police cars to be hit by motorists and they also want police cars to be seen in order to promote a public presence. The present study used three behavioral experiments to investigate the effects of visual saliency on object detection and categorization. Importantly, the results indicated that so-called ‘object detection’ is not a valid construct. Rather than identifying objectness or objecthood prior to categorization, object categorization is an obligatory process, and object detection is a postcategorization decision with higher salience objects being categorized easier than lower salience objects. An additional experiment was conducted to examine the features that constitute a police car. Based on salience alone, black and white police cars were better categorized than white police cars and light bars were slightly more important police car defining components than markings.