No description available.

Thesis (M.Sc.). / Written for the Département de Neurologie et Neurochirurgie. Title from title page of PDF (viewed 2009/09/07). Includes bibliographical references.

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences. / Department of Sociology

Due to the fact that narcotics is a highly current topic in the mass media, which draws attention to the prominent change that has taken place in the drug market in recent years, there is therefore not much significant research in the research area linked to Sweden yet. Therefore, this study will focus on investigating how the crime prevention and crime fighting efforts against narcotics are applied by the police in Police Region North in Sweden, as well as which crime prevention efforts the police believe should be used against narcotics in the future. The importance of this investigation can therefore be a contributing factor in creating an understanding of the role of narcotics in society and how the change in the narcotics market means a development in the way the police work. The study is an inductive qualitative method where we used interviews with the police and the Police Authority's strategy documents, which were analyzed separately according to a thematic content analysis with inspiration from Bacchi's analysis method WPR. The result showed how the prominent changes in the drug market constituted forced developments for the Police Agency's strategies and the police's daily work regarding the presented drug problems. Furthermore, we can also see how significant differences are presented between the Police Authority's strategy document and the police's own statements regarding how the crime prevention and crime-fighting work should be carried out, and is actually carried out. Finally, we can conclude that the crime prevention work against narcotics that was previously de-prioritised has resulted in the police today still prioritizing crime-fighting work instead of crime prevention. Which, according to the police's own statements, has led to an increase in drug crime and insecurity in society. / <p>2024-01-12</p>

A group of veteran police officers was studied in relation to the effectiveness of a stress reduction program which utilized a cognitive-behavioral approachto training. A new instrument, the Coulson Police Job Stress Discussionaire, (CPJSD), was field tested. Two control groups, a veteran group who received no stress reduction training and an academy group which received standard basic training but not the stress reduction program, were compared on pre—test and post-test Profile of Mood States (POMS) mood disturbance cores. Contrary to the main hypothesis formulated, there were no significant differences found between the three groups on post-test POMS measures of mood disturbance when compared with pre-test measures. The construct validity of the POMS for use with police officers is challenged. The specific format utilized is discussed and suggestions are offered for future study design. Specific difficulties inherent in the study of police groups are examined. The usefulness of the CPJSD for police job stress reduction program is suggested, as is the need for further field testing of this instrument.

There is a growing political discourse in Scotland acknowledging alcohol to be a significant contributor to crime. A significant portion of this is directly related to the evening and night-time drinking based leisure industry i.e. the night-time economy (NTE). The NTE is often characterised by violent and disorderly behaviour concentrated in and around pubs and nightclubs (‘hotspots’) on weekend nights presenting considerable public health, criminal justice and urban management issues. Recently the political rhetoric has been backed up by new legislation in an attempt to counterbalance what was previously a market-driven economy. There now exists various crime reduction partnerships and situational crime prevention technologies to restrict and control certain behaviours and the presence and movements of persons and groups. This research project has specifically focussed on the role of police in this rapidly changing regulatory NTE context. Combining data gathered from participant observation sessions with front-line police and in-depth interviews with multiple NTE stakeholders in a multi-site comparison study across Scotland, this research project provides a robust evidential base from which to analyse and interpret policing of the NTE at the national and local scales using various conceptual frameworks of contemporary policing in western societies. What my findings have shown is that front-line officers have adapted their police work in order to suit the specific context within which they are operating. I have termed this specific variation on traditional understandings of ‘cop culture’ as being the ‘street craft of policing the NTE’. Furthermore, while this street craft was evident across all three case study areas, the extremely tangled and convoluted nature of local security provision at the local scale necessitates that front-line officers adapt this street craft to meet the local specificities of their respective NTEs.

Denna studie syftar till att ur ett pedagogiskt perspektiv se hur svenska Polisens lärande i specifika situationer ser ut, där konflikthantering får statuera exempel. För ökad förståelse och en tydligare bild av myndigheten presenteras inledningsvis tidigare forskning inom området samt ett avsnitt som redogör för polisutbildningen i stort. De teorier som används innefattar aspekter som socialiseringsprocesser, en ledsagande diskurs samt den hermeneutiska spiralen. Studien är gjord med kvalitativ ansats där sex semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts. Urvalet av informanter har gjorts utifrån deras befattningar inom poliskåren. Resultatet visade att polisutbildningen kan ses som problematisk på så sätt att de styrdokument utbildningen baseras på visar hur det bör vara, men inte några explicita förhållningssätt eller praktiker. Detta lämnar ett tolkningsutrymme vilket skapar diskrepans mellan teori och verklighet, praktiken. Alla studenter har olika förutsättningar och erfarenheter (social och historisk placering) och måste i det avseendet mötas på olika sätt för att tillgodogöra sig den förmedlade kunskapen på bästa sätt. De praktiska inslagen under utbildningen måste vara generaliserade och förenklade, och delarna kan då uppfattas som svåra att sättas in i en helhet utifrån den hermeneutiska spiralens princip. Polishögskolan blir då en plats där det är ”talet om” poliser och deras uppdrag som förmedlas, och studenten lär sig att agera i egenskap av polis, inte att bli polis. Där skapas en attityd till styrdokumenten och ett kollektivt sätt att förhålla sig, något som vi valt att kalla för ”hållning”. Hållningen har visat sig vara tudelad, en är polisrollen och en är kårandan. Dessa ses som två delar av samma lärandeprocess. De är inte varandras motsatser, utan är olika uttryck för lärandet och polisfunktionen. Konflikter och konflikthantering har visat sig utgöra en stor del av polisernas självbild. Utbildningen förmedlar även i detta avseende den allmänna förklaringen vilket utvecklar en reflexiv hållning till konflikter, vilken omprövas och omsätts till ny kunskap i kontakt med fältet. / This study aims to look at Swedish police officers learning in specific situations, where their handling of conflicts represents our main example. The police department and its work is based on a combination of laws and political deeds. In addition to this the individual police officer has to adapt and form an attitude towards official deeds of conduct. The study relies on six interviews with police officers whose positions varied. By using theories regarding socialisation processes, accompanying discourse and the hermeneutic spiral/circle our analysis shows that the education can be seen as problematic in regards to their focus on theoretical and non-practical education. The respondents regard policing as a vocational training, and it is therefore hard to combine the theoretical training when in practical work.

This thesis asks the research question In what ways do gender stereotypes inform the thoughts and actions of CCTV control room operators? Initially inspired by the problem of women’s lesser criminality, this research employs a police Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) control room ethnography to enable an exploration of the ways in which CCTV operators construct and interpret crime/deviance and sex/gender and what gender stereotypes they use to make sense of what they see on their screens. The fieldwork undertaken produces a social phenomenology of CCTV operators’ perceptions of potential crime/deviance, how these are gendered and their effects on surveillance practices. A framework for data analysis was iteratively developed. The themes it covers are: biological essentialism, social constructionism and the everyday reconciliation of theoretical problems through pragmatic solutions in the lived experience. These conceptual frames, drawn from criminological and gender theory, usefully allow the rethinking of gendered criminality/deviance and integral stereotyping. The interpretation of research findings using this framework indicates that operators' decision making is heavily based on stereotypes of sex/gender that are constructed through, and help to construct, corresponding incidences of crime/deviance, as well as a CCTV control room workplace culture. More specifically, the findings suggest that there are significant co-dependencies and co- productions of crime/deviance and sex/gender, which result in corresponding concepts and practices, and thus affinities between lay and academic theorising. These conclusions point to a need for further examination of the important consequences of assumptions contained in socially constructed stereotypes of sex/gender, especially in the context of social processes pertaining to crime/deviance, and their academic analysis and representation.

p. 1-148 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-03-13T18:22:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 5555.pdf: 1390651 bytes, checksum: b2ae710e98b361b350e10db8e376087d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Tatiana Lima(tatianasl@ufba.br) on 2013-03-13T20:01:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 5555.pdf: 1390651 bytes, checksum: b2ae710e98b361b350e10db8e376087d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-03-13T20:01:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5555.pdf: 1390651 bytes, checksum: b2ae710e98b361b350e10db8e376087d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / A presente dissertação discorre sobre o trabalho na organização policial militar, a sua natureza e demais significados atribuídos pelo operador do policiamento ostensivo fardado. Objetiva este trabalho verificar a percepção das demandas individuais e a realidade da organização no tocante ao desenvolvimento do trabalho policial, identificando as situações que mostram o grau de envolvimento, identificação e motivação do policial militar para com a sua organização e profissão. Evidenciou-se a percepção de 3 (três) espaços de afetação sobre o desenvolvimento do trabalho policial: a dimensão institucional que estipula o modus político e ideológico de como o ofício de polícia se realiza; o modelo organizacional, que determina através da sua expressão o desenvolvimento pessoal do operador do policiamento ostensivo na sua labuta; e o fator da natureza da profissão, desgastante e manifestamente opressivo. Esta pesquisa baseou-se em um estudo de caso descritivo-analítico realizado em uma unidade da organização Polícia Militar da Bahia, a Quadragésima Sétima Companhia Independente da Polícia Militar da Bahia - 47ª CIPM. Através da utilização do método da amostragem probabilística (amostragem aleatória simples), foram aplicados questionários dentro do universo pesquisado, para fins de conhecimento desse universo e o quanto as respostas obtidas poderiam ser inferidas para o restante da população. Foram analisados os dados obtidos nos questionários, de modo a amparar as hipóteses levantadas. Constatou-se a existência de um desacordo entre o pensamento individual e a ação sistêmica derivada da abordagem organizacional, podendo-se inferir os seus resultados à organização Polícia Militar da Bahia, e, em determinados pontos, estender a interpretação ao próprio Estado, uma vez que as afetações são oriundas de um caráter abrangente e não necessariamente específico como a unidade em análise. / Salvador

This diploma thesis concerns on very current and important topic, which is the stress of police officers. The text deals in particular with the possible causes that can give rise to stress among police officers and with the differences between men and women in the case of police stress. The third chapter also summarizes the possibilities of psychological support at the Police of the Czech Republic. The thesis also includes research that has a quantitative and qualitative part. The aim of this research is to find out which situations are the most important sources of stress for police officers and whether these resources vary depending on the sex of the police officer. Quantitative research was conducted using the Work Stress Inventory (IPSS) on a sample of 116 respondents. It has been found that the most significant stressor is the excessive amount of administrative activity for police officers. The research also showed a significantly higher level of police stress among female police officers. The qualitative survey was conducted using a semi-structured interview. The sample was six respondents. The interview was conducted mainly to determine possible interpretations of the results of the previous quantitative survey.